knowledge processing of instructional intelligent expert system is discussed in this paper. The study is based on the theories of knowledgeengineering. The design method and model is also presented, which is based on...
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Polymer science is an interdisciplinary field as it involves the synthetic polymers, biopolymers, polymer characterization, designing and fabrication of new innovative products related to safer and sustainable environ...
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Polymer science is an interdisciplinary field as it involves the synthetic polymers, biopolymers, polymer characterization, designing and fabrication of new innovative products related to safer and sustainable environment. Polymeric composite materials have the base matrix of polymers containing the reinforcement fillers and additives. They have a wide array of applications ranging from packaging, spacecrafts, smart or specialized polymers to nano based textile material and biological implants. Different polymers used as matrix material to prepare composites with improved mechanical, thermal and electrical properties includes plastics of different constitution like polyester, polyamide etc. Growing public concern about environmental pollution has led to development and design of biodegradable composite materials. knowledge and implementation of relevant regulatory guidelines are vital from safety and environmental viewpoint. New methods are being devised for polymerization using super critical CO 2 along with additives. They have potential market applications along with the elimination of toxic moieties generated in conventional manufacturing techniques. Green chemistry concepts may be utilized for eco-friendly materials and to minimize the toxic implications of organic chemicals such as toluene, methylene chloride which pose potential risks to human health. The holistic and concerted efforts are needed for the development of new composites for minimization of environmental impact of polymer composite production. The life cycle assessment is of paramount importance at every stage of a product's life from initial synthesis to final disposal for a sustainable environment. The regulatory assessment and monitoring procedures as per the National/International guidelines are required to be reviewed wherever needed. They must be updated periodically depending upon the composition, intended usage conditions in order to promote clean processing, applications, biodegradation,
Compilers play an important role in software development, and it is quite necessary to perform abundant testing to ensure the correctness of compilers. A critical task in compiler testing is to validate the semantic-s...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780769542669
Compilers play an important role in software development, and it is quite necessary to perform abundant testing to ensure the correctness of compilers. A critical task in compiler testing is to validate the semantic-soundness property which requires consistence between semantics of source programs and behavior of target executables. For validating this property, one main challenging issue is generation of a test oracle. Most existing approaches fall into two main categories when dealing with this issue: reference-based approaches and assertion-based approaches. All these approaches have their weakness when new programming languages are involved or test automation is required. To overcome the weakness in the existing approaches, we propose a new automatic approach for testing compiler. Our approach is based on the technique of metamorphic testing, which validates software systems via so-called "metamorphic relations". We select the equivalence-preservation relation as the metamorphic relation and propose an automatic metamorphic testing framework for compiler. We also propose three different techniques for automatically generating equivalent source programs as test inputs. Based on our approach, we developed a tool called Mettoc. Our mutation experiments show that Mettoc is effective to reveal compilers' errors in terms of the semantic-soundness property. Moreover, the empirical results also reveal that simple approaches for constructing test inputs are not weaker than complicated ones in terms of fault-detection capability. We also applied Mettoc in testing a number of open source compilers, and two real errors in GCC-4.4.3 and UCC-1.6 respectively have been detected by Mettoc.
Use of synthetic chemicals to protect human from various life threatening diseases,and crops particularly food and cash crops from different yield-limiting factors(pests and weeds) has become the inevitable necessity ...
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Use of synthetic chemicals to protect human from various life threatening diseases,and crops particularly food and cash crops from different yield-limiting factors(pests and weeds) has become the inevitable necessity of today,though their detrimental impact on ecosystem is *** achieve the goal of conservation of nature and protection of environment(1),therefore the search for safer molecules with versatile applications in pharmaceutical and agriculture industries has gained *** has led to explore products of natural origin as key *** products are relatively broad spectrum,bioefficacious,biodegradable and environmentally *** various plant derived bioactive moieties chalcones and related compounds(chalconoids)(Figure 1A&B) are gaining increasing attention of scientists *** have been documented to possess quite a number of activities of pharmacological and agricultural interests(2,3).Their structure activity relationship is exhaustively studied by different groups of ***,it is well established that α,β-unsaturated carbonyl group in particular arrangement as in chalcone nucleus and hydroxylation on benzene ring at particular positions are key factors responsible for bioactivity of the *** on such prior knowledge a systematic and comparative study has been carried out by Rani et al(4),starting with the basic nucleus of chalcone,to optimize structural model in terms of number and position of double bonds and hydroxyl groups on aromatic *** revealed 1,5-bis(o-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-pentadien-3-one,I(Figure 2) as a lead compound possessing broad spectrum biological activity against a panel of gram positive and negative human pathogenic bacteria as well as soil borne plant pathogenic *** valued observations prompted us to summarize an updated spectrum of applications of the compound *** report offers a new subject to the researchers to unveil the mechanism of interaction of living system w
Hydrogen production derived from biomass gasification is proved to a competitive method to obtain environmental friendly fuel. This paper presents a model of biomass gasification in ASPEN PLUS process simulator and a ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424448135
Hydrogen production derived from biomass gasification is proved to a competitive method to obtain environmental friendly fuel. This paper presents a model of biomass gasification in ASPEN PLUS process simulator and a detailed methodology of hydrogen production in gasifier was set up. In the period of biomass gasification, the effect on gasification efficiency of different parameters, including gasification temperature, pressure, and ratio of steam to biomass (S/B), were investigated. The results indicated among products of sawdust gasification in steam atmosphere (such as H-2, CO, CO2, N-2 and CH4), hydrogen accounts for up to 60%(volume fraction) in combustible content. Higher flow rate of steam is favorable for hydrogen yield. Increasing temperature above 700 degrees C and higher pressure both has an adverse effect on hydrogen yield.
In order to improve the performance of switched reluctance driving system, it is necessary to build an accurate switched reluctance motor (SRM) model. In this paper, a nonlinear flux-linkage model and a torque model o...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424448135
In order to improve the performance of switched reluctance driving system, it is necessary to build an accurate switched reluctance motor (SRM) model. In this paper, a nonlinear flux-linkage model and a torque model of SRM are presented by using the measured accurate flux-linkage data, torque data and nonlinear mapping ability of BP neural network, which is based on fast self-configuring algorithm. In contrast with the traditional models, these two models have the abilities of fast convergence in training, good learning generalization, small network scale and easy real-time control. An experiment is carried out to demonstrate the accuracy and feasibility of the presented models. The result shows that the models have a better accuracy than the previous ones and are good for further optimization of the energy conversion and reducing the torque ripple.
Solution of chemical substance application for decreasing resistance of grounding system is a current problem that is interested by scientists [1]-[2]. In present time, some of companies introduced and used the chemic...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424448135
Solution of chemical substance application for decreasing resistance of grounding system is a current problem that is interested by scientists [1]-[2]. In present time, some of companies introduced and used the chemical substances for improving soil and enclosed the software for calculating the experimental grounding resistance but there is not any theoretic document that explains it. This article suggested some common formulas for calculating resistance of simple grounding forms with or without the soil improved chemical substance. Calculating results that were compared with results of GEM software of ERICO Company [3] were realized.
Horizontal axis wind turbine (hereafter HAWT) is the common equipment in wind turbine generator systems in recent years. The paper relates to the numerical simulation of the unsteady airflow around a HAWT of the type ...
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With the wide use of Web Services in Enterprise Application Integration, the issues of Web Services security are becoming increasingly prominent. For the security issues of data, a Web Service security model based on ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780769539423
With the wide use of Web Services in Enterprise Application Integration, the issues of Web Services security are becoming increasingly prominent. For the security issues of data, a Web Service security model based on the security transport of SOAP message at application layer is proposed, implements the secure identity authentication and permission Management, pledges the confidentiality, integrality and anti-denial of the transport message. The results show that the Web Services security model improved deficiencies of traditional way, data issues are effectively solved from Transport Layer and Application Layer, the EAI system becomes more comprehensive and safe.
The article analysis the finite element stress of one concrete gravity dam by software of *** compared to the impact of stress of the upstream slope on the dam heel of the two-dimensional and three-dimensional model, ...
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