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Conference on Statistical and Stochastic methods in image processing ii

作者： Sarca, OV Astola, JT Dougherty, ER Tampere Univ. of Technology (Finland) Texas A&M Univ. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819425893

The key point of the LS-TBF (Linear Separable Threshold Boolean Filter) design is the training of the Linear Separable Boolean Function (LSBF). The standard LS-TBF design method approximates the LSBF with a linear function. This procedure leads to a closed form expression of the filter weights but it does not provide the optimal solution. Other LSBF training algorithms are not really applicable in filter design because they either require too many iterations or do not offer a reasonable stability. This paper introduces a new gradient-type method applicable for LS-TBF design. The proposed algorithm is able to reach the optimal solution in very few iterations. In order to provide high convergence rate together with stability the method uses multiple gain factors at the same time. This way the proposed algorithm simulates a continuous-time implementation of the steepest-descent method. While the known training methods use many iterations the proposed one minimizes the number of iterations but increases the amount of calculations at each step. Consequently the computational effort spent for additional operations like disk access, windowing and thresholding becomes negligible and also the overall effort is very much reduced. Among other advantages the proposed training algorithm is very suitable for parallel implementation.

关键词： image filtering threshold decomposition based filters linear separable Boolean functions

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Architecture for web-based image processing

Architecture for web-based image processing

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parallel and distributed methods for image processing

作者： Srini, Vason P. Pini, David Armstrong, Matt D. Alalusi, Sayf H. Thendean, John Ueng, Sain-Zee Bushong, David P. Borowski, Erek S. Chao, Elaine Rabaey, Jan M. Data Flux Systems Inc. MS 292 1678 Shattuck Ave. Berkeley CA 94709 United States University of California EECS Dept. Berkeley CA 94720 United States

A computer systems architecture for processing medical images and other data coming over the Web is proposed. The architecture comprises a Java engine for communicating images over the Internet, storing data in local memory, doing floating point calculations, and a coprocessor MIMD parallel DSP for doing fine-grained operations found in video, graphics, and image processing applications. The local memory is shared between the Java engine and the parallel DSP. Data coming from the Web is stored in the local memory. This approach avoids the frequent movement of image data between a host processor's memory and an image processor's memory, found in many image processing systems. A low-power and high performance parallel DSP architecture containing lots of processors interconnected by a segmented hierarchical network has been developed. The instruction set of the 16-bit processor supports video, graphics, and image processing calculations. Two's complement arithmetic, saturation arithmetic, and packed instructions are supported. Higher data precision such as 32-bit and 64-bit can be achieved by cascading processors. A VLSI chip implementation of the architecture containing 64 processors organized in 16 clusters and interconnected by a statically programmable hierarchical bus is in progress. The buses are segmentable by programming switches on the bus. The instruction memory of each processor has sixteen 40-bit words. Data streaming through the processor is manipulated by the instructions. Multiple operations can be performed in a single cycle in a processor. A low-power handshake protocol is used for synchronization between the sender and the receiver of data. Temporary storage for data and filter coefficients is provided in each chip. A 256 by 16 memory unit is included in each of the 16 clusters. The memory unit can be used as a delay line, FIFO, lookup table or random access memory. The architecture is scalable with technology. Portable multimedia terminals like U.C.

关键词： Table lookup

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SGI parallel technology for graphics and visualization

SGI parallel technology for graphics and visualization

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parallel and distributed methods for image processing

作者： Zarantonello, Sergio E. Silicon Graphics MS 580 2011 N. Shoreline Boulevard Mountain View CA 94043-1389 United States

This paper gives an overview of developments at Silicon Graphics in the areas of scalable multiprocessing and visualization. These developments are grounded in a scalable, shared memory architecture that allows a high degree of modularity and enormous flexibility of configuration. The first implementations of this architecture include graphics supercomputers with multiple processors and multiple graphics subsystems, that enable parallelism at all levels, including parallelism applied to single graphics tasks. We first describe this architecture and then discuss the characteristics of its first generation implementations. ©2005 Copyright SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering.

关键词： Visualization

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Video indexing based on image and sound

Video indexing based on image and sound

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Conference on Multimedia Storage and Archiving Systems ii

作者： Faudemay, P Montacie, C Caraty, MJ Univ. de Paris VI--Pierre et Marie Curie (France)

ISBN: (纸本)0819426628

Video indexing is a major challenge for both scientific and economic reasons. Information extraction can sometimes be easier from sound channel than from image channel. We first present a multi-channel and multi-modal query interface, to query sound, image and script through ''pull'' and ''push'' queries. We then summarize the segmentation phase, which needs information from the image channel. Detection of critical segments is proposed. It should speed-up both automatic and manual indexing. We then present an overview of the information extraction phase. Information can be extracted from the sound channel, through speaker recognition, vocal dictation with unconstrained vocabularies, and script alignment with speech (or ''script warping''). We present experiment results for these various techniques. Speaker recognition methods were tested on the TIMIT and NTIMIT database. Vocal dictation was experimented on newspaper sentences spoken by several speakers. Script alignment was tested on part of a cartoon movie, ''Ivanhoe''. For good quality sound segments, error rates are low enough for use in indexing applications. Major issues are the processing of sound segments with noise or music, and performance improvement through the use of appropriate, low-cost parallel architectures or networks of workstations.

关键词： video indexing query interface pull queries push queries critical segments speaker recognition vocal dictation script warping

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The compares project: Connectionist methods for preprocessing and analysis of REmote sensing data 9th

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9th International Conference on image Analysis and processing, ICIAP 1997

作者： Austin, J. Giacinto, G. Kanetlopoulos, I. Lees, K. Roli, F. Vernazza, G. Wilkinson, G. University of York United Kingdom University of Cagliari Sardinia Italy EC Joint Research Centre Ispra Italy Kingston University United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)3540635084

The European Concerted Action "COMPARES" (Concerted Action on COnnectionist methods for Preprocessing and Analysis of REmote Sensing Data) was hmded within the Environment and Climate Programme of the European Commission. The "COMPARES" project was aimed at focussing and coordinating future research at European level on the general theme of colmectionist computation in the field of Earth Observation (EO). Colmectionist computation can be interpreted as the use of artificial neural networks and parallel distributed processing systems. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1997.

关键词： Neural networks

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SliM-ii: a linear array SIMD processor for real-time image processing

SliM-II: a linear array SIMD processor for real-time image p...

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International Conference on parallel and distributed Systems (ICPADS)

作者： Hyunman Chang Changhee Lee M.H. Sunwoo School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Ajou University Suwon South Korea

This paper describes architectures and design of a linear array processor chip called a SliM-ii image Processor. The chip has a linear array of 64 processing elements (PEs). In contrast to existing array processors, each PE has a multiplier that is quite effective for convolution, template matching, etc. The instruction set can execute an ALU, a data I/O, and an inter-PE communication operations simultaneously in an instruction cycle. In addition, during the ALU/multiplier operation, SliM-ii provides parallel data load/store between the register file and on-chip memory as in DSP chips. The SliM-ii contains about 1.5 million transistors in a 13.2/spl times/13.0 mm/sup 2/ core size and the package type is 208 pin PQ2. The performance estimation shows a significant improvement for algorithms requiring multiplications compared with existing array processors.

关键词： image processing Registers Convolution Digital signal processing chips Streaming media Clocks Packaging Real time systems Surveillance Inspection

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parallel implementation of fractal image compression

Parallel implementation of fractal image compression

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IEEE International Symposium on Consumer Electronics (ISCE)

作者： Toh Guan Nge Wong Kin Keong School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore School of Applied Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)0780343719

Digital images require a large amount of data to be represented. To make image storage and transmission practical and economical, image compression has become a major issue. In the past few years, several image compression methods using fractal theory have been developed. These methods promise better performances for compression. One of the most efficient approaches is based on iterated function systems (IFS), and has been promoted by Barnsley (1988). The basic idea is that an image can be reconstructed using the self-similarity it contains. A way to speed up the encoding process is to implement parallel processing using PVM (parallel virtual machine) software. The system utilizes both static and dynamic load allocations to obtain substantial compression time speedup over the original, sequential encoding implementation. In this paper, considerations such as PSNR, compression ratio, compression time versus number of processors and the workload granularity are also presented.

关键词： Fractals image coding Master-slave image storage parallel processing Compression algorithms distributed computing Digital images image reconstruction Virtual machining

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Arabic character recognition in a multi-processing environment

Arabic character recognition in a multi-processing environme...

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IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC)

作者： J. Alherbish R.A. Ammar M. Abdalla U-155 Computer Science and Engineering Department University of Connecticut Storrs CT USA Department of Electronics and Electrical Communication Zagazig University Egypt

Many Arabic character recognition systems have been proposed since the early eighties. Most systems reported high recognition rates, however, they overlooked a very important factor in the process; the speed factor. A parallel Arabic character recognition system is introduced. The goal of the system is to achieve both full accuracy and high speed. This has been accomplished by integrating the character recognition process with parallel processing and distributed computing concepts. Experimental results showed that the multi-processing environment is very promising in enhancing a sequential Arabic character recognition system performance.

关键词： Character recognition parallel processing Computer science Smoothing methods Feature extraction distributed computing System performance Real time systems Scholarships image recognition

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神经网络在图像压缩技术中的应用

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工程数学学报 1997年第3期14卷 67-80页

作者：刘春阳粱德群宋焕生吴更石西安交通大学电信学院

综述了神经网络作为图象压缩信号处理工具的方法。由于神经网络的大规模并行及其分布结构，使之成为解决数据压缩的有力工具；网络的特征与人类视觉系统的特征相类似，这就使我们更容易处理视觉信息。例如，多层感知可作为差分脉冲编码... 详细信息

综述了神经网络作为图象压缩信号处理工具的方法。由于神经网络的大规模并行及其分布结构，使之成为解决数据压缩的有力工具；网络的特征与人类视觉系统的特征相类似，这就使我们更容易处理视觉信息。例如，多层感知可作为差分脉冲编码调制的非线性预测器，已证明这种预测器较线性预测器可改进预测效果。另一活跃的研究领域是用Ｈｅｂｂｉａｎ学习规则获取主分量，主分量是理想的线性ＫＬ变换的基向量。这些学习算法的计算更优越于传统特征分解技术并适应于输入信号的变化．还有另一种模型为ＳＯＦＭ（ｔｈｅＳｅｌｆ－ＯｒｇａｎｉｚｉｎｇＦｅａｆｕｒｅＭａｐ）已在向量量化码本设计中有许多成功的应用。结果码本与标准ＬＢＧ算法相比对初始条件的依赖程度较低，且码字的拓扑序可用来进一步提高编码的效率并减低计算的复杂性。

关键词：神经网络图像压缩自组织特征映射图象处理

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parallel textured image segmentation using fuzzy set

Parallel textured image segmentation using fuzzy set

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3rd International Conference on Signal processing (ICSP 96)

作者： You, J Sun, CZ Zhu, WP Griffith Univ Brisbane Australia

ISBN: (纸本)7505338900

This paper presents an approach to texture segmentation hy thresholding based on compactness measures of fuzzy sets to determine thresholds of an ill-defined image. The extension of fuzziness in the texture feature space provides more meaningful results than by considering fuzziness in gray scale domain. The effectiveness of the algorithm is demonstrated by comparison with other traditional non-fuzzy methods or the controversial fuzzy method in gray scale alone. In addition, the efficiency of our algorithm is further improved by parallel implementation using distributed shared memory workstations.

关键词： texture segmentation thresholding fuzzy sets fuzziness fuzzy compactness parallel implementation

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