The widely used stepwise discriminant analysis procedure selects one variable at a time. However, instances arise in which variables occur naturally paired, such as the real and imaginary parts of a Fourier transforme...
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The widely used stepwise discriminant analysis procedure selects one variable at a time. However, instances arise in which variables occur naturally paired, such as the real and imaginary parts of a Fourier transformed signal. The existing stepwise discriminant procedure might select the real part of the ith harmonic and the imaginary part of the jth harmonic. This paper presents an algorithm that selects variables in pairs. With this algorithm, both the phase and magnitude of a signal can be used to form a discriminant function, as compared to the existing method of using the power only. From the simulation study, the discriminant procedure is better for inherently paired variables.
A description is given of two different schemes of DCT/DPCM processing.of digital NTSC composite video signal. The first scheme is based on applying the discrete cosine transform (DCT) along each horizontal line and t...
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A description is given of two different schemes of DCT/DPCM processing.of digital NTSC composite video signal. The first scheme is based on applying the discrete cosine transform (DCT) along each horizontal line and then implementing the differential pulse code modulation (DPCM) in the vertical direction on the semitransformed image. The second scheme involves DCT of (4 multiplied by 4) subblocks followed by adaptive DPCM to reduce inter-subblock correlation. Based on the statistics of the error signal, variable word length quantizers optimized for minimizing the mean square error are developed. These techniques lead to reduced bit rates for transmitting color video at broadcast standards. Both original and processed color images in composite form are displayed for subjective evaluation.
A new type of two-dimensional formal grammars known as 'Multilevel Array Grammars' (MLAG) is introduced. This is based on the extention of concepts used in Array Grammars as defined by Milgram and Rosenfeld. I...
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A new type of two-dimensional formal grammars known as 'Multilevel Array Grammars' (MLAG) is introduced. This is based on the extention of concepts used in Array Grammars as defined by Milgram and Rosenfeld. In these grammars, the 'terminal symbols' of a grammar defined at a higher level ( greater than 0) are themselves patterns of a specified shape, which, in turn, are derived from the grammars defined at lower level. These 'terminal symbols' can be viewed as 'floor tiles' which are laid according to the rewriting rules in generating a two-dimensional texture scene. These grammars are shown to be adequate to generate texture scenes that can be viewed at many levels, such as ″brick wall type″ textures.
Because of the increasing demand for cytogenetic analysis, machine assisted karyotyping of human chromosomes is almost a necessity. One of the most important phases in chromosome analysis and other related histo- or c...
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Because of the increasing demand for cytogenetic analysis, machine assisted karyotyping of human chromosomes is almost a necessity. One of the most important phases in chromosome analysis and other related histo- or cytochemistry work is the scanning of microscopic slides to detect suitable metaphases or cells. In this paper such a system is described based on the use of microprocessors, a digitally controlled microscope, and video hardware for autofocus, thresholding and feature extraction. A hierarchically structured search procedure has excellent results at a scanning speed of 0. 5 cm**2/min.
The nearest-neighbor and potential function decision rules are nonparametric techniques that partition the feature space based on a set of labelled sample points. Determining whether the partitions of the two rules ar...
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The nearest-neighbor and potential function decision rules are nonparametric techniques that partition the feature space based on a set of labelled sample points. Determining whether the partitions of the two rules are identical for a given set of points is an interesting problem in computational geometry. A relationship between the two methods in terms of subclasses and composite classes is developed. Considering an exponential potential function, necessary and sufficient conditions for identity of their decision surfaces are obtained. Based on conditions of symmetry, weighting, and the Voronoi region of a point, an algorithm for establishing identity in R**d is introduced.
The proceedings contain 153 papers. The topics discussed include: software development: a failure and a success;an analysis of the performance of a software development methodology;effective computer program developme...
The proceedings contain 153 papers. The topics discussed include: software development: a failure and a success;an analysis of the performance of a software development methodology;effective computer program development and use;a methodology for the development of reliable synchronization software;a relational DBMS conforming to an architecture which incorporates a physical navigation language;task driven image understanding: lisp programming for vision research;some new algorithms and software implementation methods for pattern research recognition;statistical imageprocessing.and recognition;reflection on the implementation of a software design;functional multiprocessing.in an experimental digital switching office;and a microprocessor line concentration system.
A system is described which has the ability to highly encode graphics data relating to computer generated animation. The system relies on the fact that in any sequence of animation, a great deal of data is replicated ...
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A system is described which has the ability to highly encode graphics data relating to computer generated animation. The system relies on the fact that in any sequence of animation, a great deal of data is replicated from frame to frame and that through the use of motion and change cues, such scenes can be segmented to highly encode it for transmission to a satellite display system. A simple animated sequence is presented which demonstrates the efficiency of such a data reduction scheme. Further, it is shown that were the sample sequence made more complex, that an even greater data reduction rate would be achieved. Finally, data is shown which compares network generation of simple animated sequences to the stand-alone generation and display of the same set of frames.
The shape number of a curve is derived for two-dimensional non-intersecting closed curves that are the boundary of simply connected regions. This description is independent of their size, orientation and position, but...
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The shape number of a curve is derived for two-dimensional non-intersecting closed curves that are the boundary of simply connected regions. This description is independent of their size, orientation and position, but it depends on their shape. Each curve carries ″within it″ its own shape number. The order of the shape number indicates the precision with which that number describes the shape of the curve. For a curve, the order of its shape number is the length of the perimeter of a 'discrete shape' (a closed curve formed by vertical and horizontal segments, all of equal length) closely corresponding to the curve. A procedure is given that deduces, without table look-up, string matching or correlations, the shape number of any order for an arbitrary curve.
The problem of extending the scope of the recently developed concept of composite classifier systems to the domain of imperfectly supervised environments is considered in this study. The constraints underlying the ass...
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The problem of extending the scope of the recently developed concept of composite classifier systems to the domain of imperfectly supervised environments is considered in this study. The constraints underlying the associated problem of optimal partitioning of the feature space, for the case wherein the composite system consists of the linear and nearest neighbor (NN) classifiers, are appropriately reformulated taking into account the imperfectness of the training sample labels. The resulting constrained optimization problem is solved, as before, using SWIFT-Sequential Weight Increasing Factor Technique. The classical NN rule is also modified to give due weightage to the fact that the training samples are imperfectly labeled, thereby adapting the linear/NN composite classifier, in all its facets, for deployment in imperfectly supervised environments.
The objective of the paper is to provide a comprehensive review of physical-chemical and advanced treatment technologies and their application to the food industry. A general section covering the economic consideratio...
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The objective of the paper is to provide a comprehensive review of physical-chemical and advanced treatment technologies and their application to the food industry. A general section covering the economic considerations is included to augment the design criteria. Case histories from the majority of the food industry have been included to add operational information.
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