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Visual tunnel analysis for visibility prediction and camera planning

Visual tunnel analysis for visibility prediction and camera ...

引用

ieee conference on computer Vision and pattern recognition, CVPR 2000

作者： Kang, Sing Bing Seitz, Steven M. Sloan, Peter-Pike Microsoft Research Redmond WA United States

A sequence of images taken along a camera trajectory captures a subset of scene appearance. If visibility space is the space that encapsulates the appearance of the scene at every conceivable pose and viewing angle, then the act of acquiring the image sequence constitutes 'carving a volume in visibility space'. We call such a volume a visual tunnel. The analysis of the visual tunnel allows us to do the following: predict the range of virtual camera poses in which the images can be reconstructed totally using the captured rays, predict which parts of the image can be generated for a given virtual camera pose, and plan camera paths for scene visualization at desired locations. We describe our visual tunnel concept and provide illustrative examples in 2D and 3D.

关键词： image processing

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Discriminant-EM algorithm with application to image retrieval

Discriminant-EM algorithm with application to image retrieva...

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ieee conference on computer Vision and pattern recognition, CVPR 2000

作者： Wu, Ying Tian, Qi Huang, Thomas S. Univ of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL United States

In many vision applications, the practice of supervised learning faces several difficulties, one of which is that insufficient labeled training data result in poor generalization. In image retrieval, we have very few labeled images from query and relevance feedback so that it is hard to automatically weight image features and select similarity metrics for image classification. This paper investigates the possibility of including an unlabeled data set to make up the insufficiency of labeled data. Different from most current research in image retrieval, the proposed approach tries to cast image retrieval as a transductive learning problem, in which the generalization of an image classifier is only defined on a set of images such as the given image database. Formulating this transductive problem in a probabilistic framework, the proposed algorithm, Discriminant-EM (D-EM), not only estimates the parameters of a generative model, but also finds a linear transformation to relax the assumption of probabilistic structure of data distributions as well as select good features automatically. Our experiments show that D-EM has a satisfactory performance in image retrieval applications. D-EM algorithm has the potential to many other applications.

关键词： image processing

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Biologically inspired receptive field geometry and orientation for pattern recognition enhancement

Biologically inspired receptive field geometry and orientati...

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Annual International conference of the ieee Engineering in Medicine and Biology society (EMBC)

作者： C.A. Perez C. Salinas Department of Electrical Engineering Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile

Proposes a new method to incorporate biologically inspired receptive fields in a feedforward neural network to enhance pattern recognition performance. Based on a genetic algorithm the method determines the receptive field geometry, orientation, bias, and the number of planes per layer that maximize the pattern recognition performance of the network. The method is tested in the handwritten digit problem. The basic architecture of the neural network is inspired on the Neocognitron model. Resulting network architectures were ranked based on the fitness criterion: best generalization performance on a testing set. Results show a strong correlation between the neural network performance and the receptive field geometry and orientation. Results were compared with those of a fully connected perceptron neural network that does not incorporate receptive fields. Results reached by several networks with receptive field configuration determined by the genetic algorithm outperformed those of the perceptron model.

关键词： Geometry pattern recognition Neural networks Genetic algorithms computer vision Biological system modeling Testing Artificial neural networks Humans image processing

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Parameterized image varieties and estimation with bilinear constraints

Parameterized image varieties and estimation with bilinear c...

引用

proceedings of the 1999 ieee computer society conference on computer Vision and pattern recognition (CVPR'99)

作者： Genc, Yakup Ponce, Jean Leedan, Yoram Meer, Peter Univ of Illinois Urbana IL United States

ISBN: (纸本)769501494

This paper addresses the problem of reliably estimating the coefficients of the parameterized image variety (PIV) associated with the set of weak perspective images of a rigid scene, with applications in image-based rendering. Exploiting the fact that the constraints defining the PIV are linear in its coefficients and bilinear in the image data, the estimation procedure is cast in the errors-in-variables framework and solved using the method proposed in [9] for this type of problems. The proposed approach has been implemented, and experiments with real data are shown to yield much better prediction power than the original method based on singular value decomposition. Extensions to the more difficult case of paraperspective projection are briefly discussed.

关键词： image processing

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Real-time Gabor-type filtering using analog focal plane image processors

Real-time Gabor-type filtering using analog focal plane imag...

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proceedings of the 1999 ieee computer society conference on computer Vision and pattern recognition (CVPR'99)

作者： Shi, B.E. Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)769501494

We describe focal plane image processors which filter images in space by filters which are similar to even and odd Gabor filters. All processing.is done using analog circuits fabricated on the same die as the photosensors allowing combined sensing and processing.at rates as high as 5000 frames per second. Both 1D and 2D sensors have been designed, fabricated and tested. In the 2D sensor, the tuned orientation can be steered and the filter response scaled by adjusting external bias voltages controlling parameters such as the gains of the analog processing.circuits. Because both even and odd Gabor-type filter outputs are calculated, sensors can be used in Gabor phase-based algorithms. As a simple example, we have embedded a 1D sensor on a mobile robot platform to perform image fixation.

关键词： image enhancement

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Multiscale image registration using scale trace correlation

Multiscale image registration using scale trace correlation

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proceedings of the 1999 ieee computer society conference on computer Vision and pattern recognition (CVPR'99)

作者： Hansen, Bruce B. Morse, Bryan S. Brigham Young Univ Provo UT United States

ISBN: (纸本)769501494

This paper presents a method for registering images at different magnifications (scales) by treating the problem not only as one of scaling the image coordinates but also as one inherently involving multiresolution information. While some existing methods for multiresolution registration do consider the way the resolution (scale) affects the image, they often consider the image one scale at a time, using geometric properties within that scale. Others use multiscale information, usually to produce more robust results, but only to register same-magnification images (e.g., stereo). A scale trace is the set of values that a single pixel takes on as magnification decreases and the effective point spread function correspondingly increases. As such, scale traces capture information across multiple scales. This paper presents a method that uses correlation of scale traces through multiresolution images to find correspondences between images of the same scene at differing magnifications. Because the method relies solely on the multiscale properties of the images themselves and not on spatial correspondence, it is less sensitive to discrete sampling of potential scale factors. Sample results demonstrate that the method is able to accurately identify both the relative position and relative magnification (scale) of the two images.

关键词： image processing

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Combining information using hard constraints

Combining information using hard constraints

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proceedings of the 1999 ieee computer society conference on computer Vision and pattern recognition (CVPR'99)

作者： DeCarlo, Douglas Metaxas, Dimitris Rutgers Univ Piscataway NJ United States

ISBN: (纸本)769501494

In this paper, we show how the use of hard constraints in solving estimation problems, by allowing multiple sources of information to be taken into account during optimization, increases robustness and improves efficiency over alternative methods such as the statistical combination of separate optimization results. Our argument is based on an empirical evaluation of the technique which uses a model-based optical flow constraint in a deformable model framework for tracking a face. The flow constraint makes the model-to-edge alignment optimization problem easier by projecting away the portion of the search space that optical flow makes unlikely, while a Kalman filter is used to reconcile hard constraints with the uncertainty in the optical flow data. Using these hard constraints, the system converges more quickly at each iteration and avoids local minima in solutions that cause other methods to lose track. We conjecture that this use of constraints will be effective in any integration application where there are disparities in the difficulty of computational problems associated with the use of different information sources.

关键词： image processing

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Surface reconstruction from multiple aerial images in dense urban areas

Surface reconstruction from multiple aerial images in dense ...

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proceedings of the 1999 ieee computer society conference on computer Vision and pattern recognition (CVPR'99)

作者： Fradkin, M. Roux, M. Maitre, H. Leloglu, U.M. Ecole Nationale Superieure des Telecommunications Paris France

ISBN: (纸本)769501494

Accurate 3D surface models of dense urban areas are essential for a variety of applications, such as cartography, urban planning and monitoring, mobile communications, etc. Since manual surface reconstruction is very costly and time-consuming, the development of automated algorithms is of great importance. While most of existing algorithms focus on surface reconstruction either in rural or sub-urban areas, we present an approach dealing with dense urban scenes. The approach utilizes different image-derived cues, like multi-view stereo and color information, as well as the general scene knowledge, formulated in data-driven reasoning and geometric constraints. Another important feature of our approach is simultaneous processing.of 2D and 3D data. Our approach begins with two independent tasks: stereo reconstruction using multiple views and region-based image segmentation, resulting in generation disparity and segmentation maps, respectively. Then, the information derived from the both maps is utilized for generation of a dense elevation map, through robust verification of planar surface approximations for the detected regions and imposition of geometric constraints. The approach has been successfully tested on complex residential and industrial scenes.

关键词： image reconstruction

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Background estimation and removal based on range and color

Background estimation and removal based on range and color

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proceedings of the 1999 ieee computer society conference on computer Vision and pattern recognition (CVPR'99)

作者： Gordon, G. Darrell, T. Harville, M. Woodfill, J. Interval Research Corp Palo Alto CA United States

ISBN: (纸本)769501494

Background estimation and removal based on the joint use of range and color data produces superior results than can be achieved with either data source alone. This is increasingly relevant as inexpensive, real-time, passive range systems become more accessible through novel hardware and increased CPU processing.speeds. Range is a powerful signal for segmentation which is largely independent of color, and hence not effected by the classic color segmentation problems of shadows and objects with color similar to the background. However, range alone is also not sufficient for the good segmentation: depth measurements are rarely available at all pixels in the scene, and foreground objects may be indistinguishable in depth when they are close to the background. Color segmentation is complementary in these cases. Surprisingly, little work has been done to date on joint range and color segmentation. We describe and demonstrate a background estimation method based on a multidimensional (range and color) clustering at each image pixel. Segmentation of the foreground in a given frame is performed via comparison with background statistics in range and normalized color. Important implementation issues such as treatment of shadows and low confidence measurements are discussed in detail.

关键词： computer vision

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8th International conference on computer Analysis of images and patterns, CAIP 1999

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8th International conference on computer Analysis of images and patterns, CAIP 1999

ISBN: (纸本)3540663665

The proceedings contain 76 papers. The special focus in this conference is on Color and image processing. The topics include: Spectro-spatial gradients for color-based object recognition and indexing;a blob coloring algorithm for content-based image retrieval system;using low dimensional models of color distribution for real time object recognition;a novel approach to the 2D analytic signal;shift detection by restoration;edge preserving probabilistic smoothing algorithm;evaluating the complexity of databases for person identification and verification;efficient shape retrieval by parts;curvature scale space for shape similarity retrieval under affine transforms;a new approach for context sensitive image data reduction;image compression by approximated 2D karhunen loeve transform;a new watermarking method using high frequency components to guide the insertion process in the spatial domain;adventurous tourism for couch potatoes;linear vs. quadratic optimization algorithms for bias correction of left ventricle chamber boundaries in low contrast projection ventriculograms produced from xray cardiac catheterization procedure;registration and composition of stacks of serial optical slices captured by a confocal microscope;tracking articulators in x-ray movies of the vocal tract;modeling morphological changes during contraction of muscle fibres by active contours;fuzzy similarity relations for chromosome classification and identification;enhanced neural networks and medical imaging;learning behavior using multiresolution recurrent neural network and automatic classification system of marble slabs in production line according to texture and color using artificial neural networks.

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