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International symposium on database Applications in Non-Traditional Environments, DANTE

作者： H. Yokota Department of Computer Science Tokyo Institute of Technology

The scalability and reliability of secondary storage systems.are their most significant aspects for advanced database applications. Research on high-function disks has recently attracted a great deal of attention because technological progress now allows disk-resident data processing. This capability is not only useful for executing application programs on the disk, but is also suited for controlling distributed disks so they are scalable and reliable. We propose autonomous disks in the network environment by using the disk-resident data processing facility. A set of autonomous disks is configured as a cluster in a network, and data is distributed within the cluster, to be accessed uniformly by using a distributed directory. The disks accept simultaneous accesses from multiple hosts via a network, and handle data distribution and load skews. They are also able to tolerate disk failures and some software errors of disk controllers, and can reconfigure the cluster after the damaged disks are repaired. The data distribution, skew handling, and fault tolerance are completely transparent to hosts. The local communication means the size of the cluster is scalable. Autonomous disks are applicable to many advanced applications, such as a large Web server having many HTML files. We also propose to use rules to implement these functions, and we demonstrate their flexibility by examples of rules.

关键词： databases Data processing Scalability distributed control Error correction Communication system control Fault tolerance Application software Web server HTML

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View divergence control of replicated data using update delay estimation

View divergence control of replicated data using update dela...

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Reliable distributed systems

作者： T. Yamashita S. Ono Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation Musashino Tokyo Japan

We propose a method to control the view divergence of replicated data when copies of sites in a replicated database are asynchronously updated. The view divergence of the replicated data is the difference in the lateness of the updates reflected in the data acquired by clients. Our method accesses multiple sites and provides a client with data that reflects all the updates received by the sites. We first define the probabilistic lateness of updates reflected in acquired data as read data freshness (RDF). The degrees of RDF of data acquired by clients is the range of the view divergence. second, we propose a way to select sites in a replicated database by using the probability distribution of the update delays so that the data acquired by a client satisfies its required RDF. This way calculates the minimum number of sites in order to reduce the overhead of read transactions. Our method continues to adaptively and reliably provide data that meet the client's requirements in an environment where the delay of update propagation varies and applications' requirements change depending on situations. Finally, we evaluated the view divergence we can feasibly control using our method. The evaluation is done by means of simulations. The evaluation shows that our method can feasibly control the view divergence to about 1/4 that of a normal read transaction.

关键词： Delay estimation Resource description framework Telegraphy Telephony Computer networks Application software Electrical capacitance tomography Propagation delay Cost accounting distributed computing

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Strategic and operational characteristics of a distributed phased archive for a multivendor incremental implementation of picture archiving and communications systems

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Journal of Digital Imaging 1999年第2 SUPPL. 1期12卷 71-74页

作者： Smith, Edward M. Wandtke, John Robinson, Arvin Department of Radiology Univ. of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY United States Department of Radiology Univ. of Rochester Medical Center Box 620 601 Elmwood Ave Rochester NY 14642-8648 United States

The long-term (10 years) multimodality distributed phased archive for the Medical Information, Communication and Archive System (MICAS) is being implemented in three phases. The selection process took approximately 10 months. Based on the mandatory archive attributes and desirable features, Cemax-Icon (Fremont, CA) was selected as the vendor. The archive provides for an open-solution allowing incorporation of leading edge, `best of breed' hardware and software and provides maximum flexibility and automation of workflow both within and outside of radiology. The solution selected is media-independent, provides expandable storage capacity, and will provide redundancy and fault tolerance in phase II at minimum cost. Other attributes of the archive include scalable archive strategy, virtual image database with global query, and an object-oriented database. The archive is seamlessly integrated with the radiology information system (RIS) and provides automated fetching and routing, automated study reconciliation using modality worklist manager, clinical reports available at any Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) workstation, and studies available for interpretation whether validated or not. Within 24 hours after a new study is acquired, four copies will reside within different components of the archive including a copy that can be stored off-site. Phase II of the archive will be installed during 1999 and will include a second Cemax-Icon archive and database using archive manager (AM) Version 4.0 in a second computer room.

关键词： Image communication systems

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software development on the DIII-D control and data acquisition computers

Software development on the DIII-D control and data acquisit...

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proceedings of the 1997 17th IEEE/NPSS symposium on Fusion Engineering. Part 1 (of 2)

作者： Penaflor, B.G. McHarg Jr., B.B. Piglowski, D. General Atomics San Diego United States

The various software systems.developed for the DIII-D tokamak have played a highly visible and important role in tokamak operations and fusion research. Because of the heavy reliance on in-house developed software encompassing all aspects of operating the tokamak, much attention has been given to the careful design, development and maintenance of these software systems. software systems.responsible for tokamak control and monitoring, neutral beam injection, and data acquisition demand the highest level of reliability during plasma operations. These systems.made up of hundreds of programs totaling thousands of lines of code have presented a wide variety of software design and development issues ranging from low level hardware communications, database management, and distributed process control, to man machine interfaces. The focus of this paper will be to describe how software is developed and managed for the DIII-D control and data acquisition computers. It will include an overview and status of software systems.implemented for tokamak control, neutral beam control, and data acquisition. The issues and challenges faced developing and managing the large amounts of software in support of the dynamic and everchanging needs of the DIII-D experimental program will be addressed.

关键词： Tokamak devices

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Protecting mobile code

Protecting mobile code

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International symposium on software reliability Engineering (ISSRE)

作者： T. Sander International Computer Science Institute Berkeley CA USA

There are at least two major security challenges in mobile code distributed systems. First hosts have to be protected from potentially malicious actions of mobile code they are executing. Many techniques are known which address this problem. second mobile agents themselves have to be protected against malicious hosts. Satisfactory ways to deal with the second problem are necessary features for many of the (security-sensitive) tasks mobile agent (MA) systems.are envisioned for, e.g., in e-commerce applications where a shopping agent is sent out on the Internet, vendors have a high incentive in tampering with these agents. The key point is is that the originator of the agent needs to have sound guarantees that the results an agent brings back are correct. Why else should he send out the agent in the first place?.

关键词： Cryptography Mobile agents Internet software protection Computer security Electrical capacitance tomography IP networks Data security Application software databases

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software development on the DIII-D control and data acquisition computers

Software development on the DIII-D control and data acquisit...

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IEEE/NPSS symposium on Fusion Engineering

作者： B.G. Penaflor B.B. McHarg D. Piglowski General Atomics San Diego CA USA

关键词： Programming Data acquisition Tokamaks software systems Communication system control Control systems software development management software maintenance Monitoring Particle beams

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Using distributed resource management in heterogeneous telecomputing platforms

Using distributed resource management in heterogeneous telec...

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IEEE International Computer Performance and Dependability symposium (IPDS 96)

作者： Duesing, E Huang, Y Kapauan, P Kintala, C Levendel, Y Lumsden, J Purcell, J Suri, G LUCENT TECHNOL BELL LABS MURRAY HILL NJ USA

ISBN: (纸本)0818674849

Programmability, reliability, and scalability are system requirements that are essential to retaining or establishing the high ground in the new world order for telecommunications solutions. For telephony systems.to be successful in the next century, they must deliver 'fifth-generation software flexibility' that enables interoperability while satisfying these 3 key requirements to give customers the applications they need, when they need them. Further, these requirements must be designed into an open system architecture from the start: systems.lacking them cannot be easily extended to leverage their combined advantages. Finally, these solutions must readily build upon inexpensive, off-the-shelf hardware components. Telecommunication is becoming telecomputing. Although traditional fault-tolerance approaches can be used to increase the reliability of the platform, a more general software fault-tolerant architecture is required to integrate new off-the-shelf system components reliably and seamlessly into the existing service. The ease of integration hinges both on the system architecture and on easy programming paradigms to integrate dependability with the service functionality. This paper describes our working prototype of an open Telecomputing system based on these architectural principles.

关键词： distributed database systems

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distributed medical services within the atm-based Berlin regional testbed

Distributed medical services within the atm-based Berlin reg...

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1996 Medical Imaging symposium on PACS Design and Evaluation - Engineering and Clinical Issues

作者： Thiel, A Bernarding, J Krauss, M Schulz, S Tolxdorff, T FREE UNIV BERLIN BENJAMIN FRANKLIN UNIV CLINDEPT MED INFORMATINST MED STAT & INFORMAT PROCD-12200 BERLINGERMANY

ISBN: (纸本)0819420867

The ATM-based Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) of Berlin connects two university hospitals (Benjamin Franklin University Hospital and Charite) with the computer resources of the Technical University of Berlin (TUB). distributed new medical services have been implemented and will be evaluated within the highspeed MAN of Berlin. The network with its data transmission rates of up to 155 Mbit/s renders these medical services externally available to practicing physicians. Resource and application sharing is demonstrated by the use of two software systems. The first software system is an interactive 3D reconstruction tool (3D- Medbild), based on a client-server mechanism. This structure allows the use of high- performance computers at the TUB from the low-level workstations in the hospitals. A second software system, RAMSES, utilizes a tissue database of Magnetic Resonance Images. For the remote control of the software, the developed applications use standards such as DICOM 3.0 and features of the World Wide Web. Data security concepts are being tested and integrated for the needs of the sensitive medical data. The highspeed network is the necessary prerequisite for the clinical evaluation of data in a joint teleconference. The transmission of digitized real-time sequences such as video and ultrasound and the interactive manipulation of data are made possible by Multi Media tools.

关键词： telemedicine teleconference 3D-visualization ATM medical workstation DICOM 3.0 data security

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Developing reliable applications on cluster systems

Developing reliable applications on cluster systems

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Reliable distributed systems

作者： Yennun Huang Bell Laboratories Murray Hill NJ USA

ISBN: (纸本)0818674814

A cluster is a group of computers which are loosely connected together to provide fast and reliable services. There have been many applications built on cluster systems.such as distributed/parallel database applications, telecommunication systems.and, recently, internet/intranet servers. Cluster systems.can deliver similar or better performance and reliability than traditional mainframes, supercomputers and fault-tolerant systems.with a much lower hardware cost.

关键词： Application software distributed computing Middleware Computerized monitoring Resource management File servers Telecommunication computing Fault tolerant systems Image restoration Maintenance

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Safety evaluation using behavioral simulation models

Safety evaluation using behavioral simulation models

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Annual symposium on reliability and Maintainability (RAMS)

作者： A.K. Ghosh B.W. Johnson J.A. Profeta University of Virginia Charlottesville USA Union Switch and Signal Company Pittsburgh USA

This paper describes a design environment called ADEPT (advanced design environment prototype tool) which enables designers to assess the dependability of systems.early in the design process using behavioral simulation models. ADEPT is an interactive graphical design environment which allows design and analysis of systems.throughout the entire design cycle. ADEPT supports functional verification, performance evaluation, and dependability analysis early in the design cycle from a single model in order to dramatically reduce design cycles and deliver products on schedule. In this paper, ADEPT is applied to the design of a distributed computer system used to control trains. Two distinct experiments were run to illustrate dependability evaluation using behavioral simulation models. The first experiment evaluates the effectiveness of using a simple (7,4) Hamming code for protecting information in a distributed system. The second experiment evaluates the effectiveness of a watchdog monitor whose role is to detect hardware and software errors in the distributed system. The experiments illustrate dependability analysis using behavioral simulation models. The first simulation demonstrates estimation of the error coverage of the (7,4) code and the mean time to hazardous event (MTTHE). The second experiment demonstrates functional verification and controllability of behavioral simulation experiments by testing the response of a watchdog monitor design to rare malicious events.

关键词： Safety Computer errors Discrete event simulation Virtual prototyping Process design Performance analysis Processor scheduling distributed computing Control systems Computational modeling

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