Structural monitoring applications such as corrosion assessment, measurement of concrete temperature or moisture content of critical bridge structures can greatly benefit from the use of wireless sensor networks (WSNs...
ISBN:
(纸本)9781450342643
Structural monitoring applications such as corrosion assessment, measurement of concrete temperature or moisture content of critical bridge structures can greatly benefit from the use of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), however energy harvesting for the operation of the network remains a challenge in this setting. We present a multihop vibration-based energy harvesting WSN system for bridge monitoring applications. Our preliminary simulation experiments show that the system is able to maintain energy neutral operation over time, preserving energy with careful management of sleep and communication times.
Real-time PV generation information is crucial for distribution system operations, in particular for switching operations, state-estimation, and management of the voltage at the point of provision. However, most behin...
ISBN:
(纸本)9781450342643
Real-time PV generation information is crucial for distribution system operations, in particular for switching operations, state-estimation, and management of the voltage at the point of provision. However, most behind-the-meter solar installations are not monitored. Typically, the only information available to the distribution system operator is the installed capacity. Our main purpose in this study is to estimate behind-the-meter PV generation using data from smart meters.
For people with visual impairment, the use of public transportation is a key ingredient to independent quotidian living. However, current electronic travel assistive systems that use GPS for navigation is imprecise to...
ISBN:
(纸本)9781450342643
For people with visual impairment, the use of public transportation is a key ingredient to independent quotidian living. However, current electronic travel assistive systems that use GPS for navigation is imprecise to aid blind riders in navigating bus stops [1]. To address this problem, in this poster, we present a vision-based fine-grained bus stop localization system, LastStep, that complements a GPS unit and can localize a bus stop with step-level accuracy. With an evaluation on three subjects, we show that LastStep can localize sites with an error of less than 0.5 meters. Moreover, with the aid of LastStep, subjects can perform this localization at higher success rates and 4 times faster compared to manual searching.
Utilities practice a demand-response, central-generation dispatch model where the amount of energy generated at any instant is controlled to meet customer load. Increases in energy demand and intermittent sources like...
ISBN:
(纸本)9781450342643
Utilities practice a demand-response, central-generation dispatch model where the amount of energy generated at any instant is controlled to meet customer load. Increases in energy demand and intermittent sources like renewables makes this approach unsustainable. Load management, where demand is adjusted to meet forecasted supply, offers a promising alternative. Storage is essential to this approach. We present preliminary results in our explorations in load management on a residential microgrid testbed using the home as a storage device. A preliminary precool test is carried out on the house. This virtual storage precool strategy is shown to provide considerable cost and energy savings compared to a baseline scenario.
The main driving factor in determining control settings of an air conditioning system is indoor thermal condition and its association with occupants' satisfaction. In recent years, the ubiquity of computing device...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781450342643
The main driving factor in determining control settings of an air conditioning system is indoor thermal condition and its association with occupants' satisfaction. In recent years, the ubiquity of computing devices has led to techniques for learning personalized thermal comfort by using feedback through smartphones or (commonly wearable) sensors to measure physiological variables. In this paper, seeking a non-contact and non-intrusive approach, we are investigating whether computers could visually identify human thermal comfort by using digital videos. This investigation has been conducted in the form of developing a specialized image processing algorithmic framework, which relies on Eulerian image magnification approach. This approach amplifies subtle changes in the human physiological signals that are associated with thermoregulation. The proposed framework has been evaluated through experimental studies on human subjects in a thermal chamber with hot and cold thermal conditions. The quantified results demonstrated that the proposed framework has effectively identified the thermoregulation states of the human subjects.
Decisions on how best to optimize today's energy systems operations are becoming ever so complex and conflicting such that model-based predictive control algorithms must play a key role. However, learning dynamica...
ISBN:
(纸本)9781450342643
Decisions on how best to optimize today's energy systems operations are becoming ever so complex and conflicting such that model-based predictive control algorithms must play a key role. However, learning dynamical models of energy consuming systems such as buildings, using grey/white box approaches is very cost and time prohibitive due to its complexity. This paper presents data-driven methods for making control-oriented model for peak power reduction in buildings. Specifically, a data predictive control with regression trees (DPCRT) algorithm, is presented. DPCRT is a finite receding horizon method, using which the building operator can optimally trade off peak power reduction against thermal comfort without having to learn white/grey box models of the systems dynamics. We evaluate the performance of our method using a DoE commercial reference virtual test-bed and show how it can be used for learning predictive models with 90% accuracy, and for achieving 8.6% reduction in peak power and costs.
A recurring theme in the design of control schemes for computer communication networks has been to identify the drift of critical quantities such as queue lengths, and then devise control strategies that close the loo...
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The gateway is a key component for sensor network deployments and the Internet of Things. Sensor deployments often tend towards low-power communication protocols such as Bluetooth Low Energy or IEEE 802.15.4. Gateways...
ISBN:
(纸本)9781450342643
The gateway is a key component for sensor network deployments and the Internet of Things. Sensor deployments often tend towards low-power communication protocols such as Bluetooth Low Energy or IEEE 802.15.4. Gateways are essential to connect these devices to the Internet at large. Over time though, gateways have gained additional responsibilities as well. Sensors expect gateways to handle device-specific data translation and local processing while also providing services, such as time synchronization, to the low-power device. As a centralized computing resource, the gateway is also an obvious location for running local applications which interact with sensor data and control nearby actuators. Today, vendors and researchers often create their own device-specific gateways to handle these *** propose a generic gateway platform capable of supporting the needs of many devices. In our architecture, devices provide a pointer, such as a URL, to descriptions of their interfaces. The gateway can download the interface descriptions and use them to determine how to interact with the device, translating its data to a usable format and enabling local services to communicate with it. The translated data is provided to services including user applications, local logging, device status monitoring, and cloud applications. By simultaneously supporting communication with many sensors, our gateway architecture can simplify future sensor network deployments and enable intelligent building applications.
Personalized recommender systems provide great opportunities for targeted advertisements, by displaying ads alongside genuine recommendations. We consider a biased recommendation system where such ads are displayed wi...
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The performance of parallel programs is notoriously difficult to reason in virtualized environments. Although performance degradations caused by virtualization and interferences have been well studied, there is little...
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