Offsets inherent in analog circuits have been big obstacle in analog implementations of backpropagation algorithm. In this article the effects of analog multiplier offsets on on-chip learning are systematically analyz...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780341236
Offsets inherent in analog circuits have been big obstacle in analog implementations of backpropagation algorithm. In this article the effects of analog multiplier offsets on on-chip learning are systematically analyzed. Offsets in a multiplier are mathematically modeled and incoorporated into backpropagation learning equations. The deformed equations are investigated to show how the offsets degrade learning performance and under which conditions the neuron's output fails to converge. simulation results agree well with analytic calculations.
This half-day tutorial is intended to provide attendees a solid understanding of software interoperability problems and various proposed solutions to those problems. It is aimed at an intermediate level audience. It u...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0897919149
This half-day tutorial is intended to provide attendees a solid understanding of software interoperability problems and various proposed solutions to those problems. It is aimed at an intermediate level audience. It uses running examples to illustrate the use of rigorous foundations, specific approaches to interoperability and the assessment of specific approaches. Participants should expect to gain a generally applicable foundation for assessing both problems and approaches, detailed understanding of several specific approaches, and an ability to understand and critically evaluate new and different interoperability problems and approaches in the future.
This paper proposes extensions to the VHDL grammar and defines new semantics in the language to model the timing behavior of high frequency buses and clock lines with multiple, distinct taps in a VHDL description. The...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0818677864
This paper proposes extensions to the VHDL grammar and defines new semantics in the language to model the timing behavior of high frequency buses and clock lines with multiple, distinct taps in a VHDL description. The proposed language constructs utilize transmission line analysis to model the timing behavior but avoids the continuous time simulation by using line-events.
Machine simulation of human reading has been the subject of intensive research for almost three decades. A large number of research papers and reports have already been published on Latin, Chinese and Japanese charact...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0818678984;0818678992
Machine simulation of human reading has been the subject of intensive research for almost three decades. A large number of research papers and reports have already been published on Latin, Chinese and Japanese characters. However, little work has been conducted on the automatic recognition of Arabic characters because of the complexity of printed and handwritten text, and this problem is still an open research field. The main objective of this paper is to present the state of Arabic character recognition research throughout the last two decades.
The software representing a complex of tools for simulation, optimization, and characterization of planar gradient waveguides is developed. Up-conversion of the CO2-laser IR signal under semiconductor laser pumping in...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819426091
The software representing a complex of tools for simulation, optimization, and characterization of planar gradient waveguides is developed. Up-conversion of the CO2-laser IR signal under semiconductor laser pumping in nonlinear optical planar waveguides based on solid solutions GaAs in GaP is simulated. Parameters of waveguide composition (refraction index) profiles with the various forms are optimized.
Recent research has demonstrated that ordinal comparison, i.e., comparing relative orders of performance measures of different designs, is efficient in the comparison and selection of designs for discrete event dynami...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819424986
Recent research has demonstrated that ordinal comparison, i.e., comparing relative orders of performance measures of different designs, is efficient in the comparison and selection of designs for discrete event dynamic systems. This paper is concerned with comparison and selection in concurrent simulation where a large number of sample paths under different designs are generated efficiently. Particularly, effect of correlation among simulation processes on the convergence of ordinal comparison is investigated. By using a concept of indicator process, bounds on the rate of convergence of ordinal comparison are obtained. Such bounds imply that perturbation analysis, a powerful technique for performance analysis of discrete event dynamic systems, can be advantageous for ordinal comparison. simulation examples show that appropriate correlation can significantly increase the convergence of ordinal comparison. Furthermore, it is shown that positive quadrant dependence provides guaranteed acceleration of the convergence of ordinal comparison compared with independent simulations.
simulation of large complex systems for the purpose of evaluating performance and exploring alternatives is a computationally slow process, currently still out of the domain of real-time applications. This paper overv...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819424986
simulation of large complex systems for the purpose of evaluating performance and exploring alternatives is a computationally slow process, currently still out of the domain of real-time applications. This paper overviews advances in three directions aimed at overcoming this limitation. First, based on developments in the theory of discrete event systems, Concurrent simulation enables the extraction of information from a single simulation that would otherwise require multiple repeated simulations. This effectively provides simulation speedups of possibly orders of magnitude. A second direction attempts to use simulation for the purpose of obtaining a ''metamodel'' of the actual system, i.e., an approximate ''surrogate'' model which is computationally very fast, yet accurate. We will specifically discuss the use of Neural Networks as metamodeling devices which may be trained through simulation. Finally, Hierarchical simulation provides yet another means for speedup, a major challenge being the preservation of fidelity between hierarchical levels. In practice, using the statistical average of a high resolution level simulator output as the input for a lower resolution level causes significant loss of stochastic fidelity. We will present an approach in which we cluster the high resolution simulation output into ''path bundles'' as the input for the lower resolution level. The paper includes applications of these new directions to areas such as combat simulation and design of C3I systems.
Present-day product development endeavors utilize the concurrent engineering philosophy as a logical means far incorporating a variety of viewpoints into the design of products. Since this approach provides no explici...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819424986
Present-day product development endeavors utilize the concurrent engineering philosophy as a logical means far incorporating a variety of viewpoints into the design of products. Since this approach provides no explicit procedural provisions, it is necessary to establish at least a mental coupling with a known design process model. The central feature of all such models is the management and transformation of information. While these models assist in structuring the design process, characterizing the basic flow of operations that are involved, they provide no guidance facilities. The significance of this feature, and the role it plays in the time required to develop products, is increasing in importance due to the inherent process dynamics, system/component complexities, and competitive forces, The methodology presented in this paper involves the use of a hierarchical system structure, discrete event system specification (DEVS), and multidimensional state variable based metrics. This approach is unique in its capability to quantify designer's actions throughout product development, provide recommendations about subsequent activity selection, and coordinate distributed activities of designers and/or design teams across all design stages. Conceptual design tool implementation results are used to demonstrate the utility of this technique in improving the incremental decision making process.
For years, computers have promised to revolutionize education. Educators crave and skeptics demand justification for the large outlay of resources required to introduce information technology into the curriculum. Engi...
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We consider linac driven SASE (Stimulated Amplification of Spontaneous Emission) using the Duke linac and the PALADIN wiggler. SASE design studies using this equipment are described based on the non- wiggler-averaged ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819423998
We consider linac driven SASE (Stimulated Amplification of Spontaneous Emission) using the Duke linac and the PALADIN wiggler. SASE design studies using this equipment are described based on the non- wiggler-averaged FEL simulation code MEDUSA. We have identified a new Collective Compton Regime in which AC space-charge is unimportant but the DC self-fields of the beam are important.
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