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检索条件"任意字段=Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems"

共 5313 条记录，以下是201-210 订阅

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"[chi2023] Decisions on paper 42 for chi2023": A Playful Twist on the Peer Review Process and Methodological Gaslighting

"[CHI2023] Decisions on paper 42 for CHI2023": A Playful Twi...

引用

Extended Abstracts of the 2023 chi conference on human factors in computing systems, chi EA 2023

作者： Eagle, Tessa Baltaxe-Admony, Leya Breanna Taber, Lee Ringland, Kathryn E. University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450394222

Peer review in research is like jury duty - no one wants to do it but everyone needs to in order for the community to continue to produce quality peer-reviewed work. However, there is no explicit incentive and little-to-no training for writing reviews. This is especially difficult in interdisciplinary communities such as chi, where quantitative and qualitative research are both common and reviews could be coming from someone with any area of expertise. In this piece, we give parody reviews for a quantitative paper as qualitative researcher reviewers. Many of the requests and commentary found within this piece are paraphrased from reviews we have received of our own qualitative research. Using this playful reversal, we promote discussion around responsible review practices, the inclusion of more transparent research where bias, ethics, potential harm, and positionality are explicitly discussed across methodologies and epistemologies. © 2023 Owner/Author.

关键词： peer review qualitative research

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A World Full of Privacy and Security (Mis)conceptions? Findings of a Representative Survey in 12 Countries 23

A World Full of Privacy and Security (Mis)conceptions? Findi...

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chi conference on human factors in computing systems (chi)

作者： Herbert, Franziska Becker, Stefen Schaewitz, Leonie Hielscher, Jonas Kowalewski, Marvin Sasse, M. Angela Acar, Yasemin Duermuth, Markus Ruhr Univ Bochum Bochum Germany Max Planck Inst Secur & Privacy Bochum Germany George Washington Univ Washington DC 20052 USA Leibniz Univ Hannover Hannover Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450394215

Misconceptions about digital security and privacy topics in the general public frequently lead to insecure behavior. However, little is known about the prevalence and extent of such misconceptions in a global context. In this work, we present the results of the first large-scale survey of a global population on misconceptions: We conducted an online survey with n = 12, 351 participants in 12 countries on four continents. By investigating influencing factors of misconceptions around eight common security and privacy topics (including E2EE, Wi-Fi, VPN, and malware), we find the country of residence to be the strongest estimate for holding misconceptions. We also identify differences between non-Western and Western countries, demonstrating the need for region-specific research on user security knowledge, perceptions, and behavior. While we did not observe many outright misconceptions, we did identify a lack of understanding and uncertainty about several fundamental privacy and security topics.

关键词： Security Misconceptions Online Survey Co-variance Analysis human-Centered Security

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Real-time 3D Target Inference via Biomechanical Simulation 24

Real-time 3D Target Inference via Biomechanical Simulation

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chi conference on human factors in computing Sytems (chi)

作者： Moon, Hee-Seung Liao, Yi-chi Li, Chenyu Lee, Byungjoo Oulasvirta, Antti Aalto Univ Espoo Finland Yonsei Univ Seoul South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9798400703300

Selecting a target in a 3D environment is often challenging, especially with small/distant targets or when sensor noise is high. To facilitate selection, target-inference methods must be accurate, fast, and account for noise and motor variability. However, traditional data-free approaches fall short in accuracy since they ignore variability. While data-driven solutions achieve higher accuracy, they rely on extensive human datasets so prove costly, time-consuming, and transfer poorly. In this paper, we propose a novel approach that leverages biomechanical simulation to produce synthetic motion data, capturing a variety of movement-related factors, such as limb configurations and motor noise. Then, an inference model is trained with only the simulated data. Our simulation-based approach improves transfer and lowers cost;variety-rich data can be produced in large quantities for different scenarios. We empirically demonstrate that our method matches the accuracy of human-data-driven approaches using data from seven users. When deployed, the method accurately infers intended targets in challenging 3D pointing conditions within 5-10 milliseconds, reducing users' target-selection error by 71% and completion time by 35%.

关键词： Target selection target inference biomechanical simulation amortized inference

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UEyes: Understanding Visual Saliency across User Interface Types 23

UEyes: Understanding Visual Saliency across User Interface T...

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chi conference on human factors in computing systems (chi)

作者： Jiang, Yue Leiva, Luis A. Houssel, Paul R. B. Tavakoli, Hamed R. Kylmala, Julia Oulasvirta, Antti Aalto Univ Espoo Finland Univ Luxembourg Esch Sur Alzette Luxembourg Nokia Technol Espoo Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9781450394215

While user interfaces (UIs) display elements such as images and text in a grid-based layout, UI types differ significantly in the number of elements and how they are displayed. For example, webpage designs rely heavily on images and text, whereas desktop UIs tend to feature numerous small images. To examine how such differences affect the way users look at UIs, we collected and analyzed a large eye-tracking-based dataset, UEyes (62 participants and 1,980 UI screenshots), covering four major UI types: webpage, desktop UI, mobile UI, and poster. We analyze its differences in biases related to such factors as color, location, and gaze direction. We also compare state-of-the-art predictive models and propose improvements for better capturing typical tendencies across UI types. Both the dataset and the models are publicly available.

关键词： human Perception and Cognition Interaction Design Computer Vision Deep Learning Eye Tracking

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Towards a human-Centred Artificial Intelligence Maturity Model

Towards a Human-Centred Artificial Intelligence Maturity Mod...

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Extended Abstracts of the 2023 chi conference on human factors in computing systems, chi EA 2023

作者： Hartikainen, Maria Väänänen, Kaisa Olsson, Thomas Tampere University Faculty of Information Technology and Communication Sciences Unit of Computing Sciences Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9781450394222

Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming a central building block of computational systems. Following the long traditions of human-centered design, human-Centered AI (HCAI) emphasises the importance of putting humans and various societal considerations in the centre of the development. However, the question is: how to realise HCAI when designing systems that utilise novel computational tools and require consideration of increasingly broad set of requirements, spanning from fairness and transparency to accountability and ethics? The purpose of our study is to support the AI development practices in companies in order for the humans to have AI solutions that are efficient, trustworthy, and safe. To this end, we propose a maturity model for HCAI (HCAI-MM). In this paper we present the first phase of the model development, in which the central building blocks of HCAI are specified and initial company requirements for the model's structure and content are evaluated with four AI developers. © 2023 Owner/Author.

关键词： Artificial intelligence

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Slide Gestalt: Automatic Structure Extraction in Slide Decks for Non-Visual Access 23

Slide Gestalt: Automatic Structure Extraction in Slide Decks...

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chi conference on human factors in computing systems (chi)

作者： Peng, Yi-Hao chi, Peggy Kannan, Anjuli Morris, Meredith Ringel Essa, Irfan Carnegie Mellon Univ Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Google Res Mountain View CA USA Google New York NY USA Google Seattle WA USA Georgia Tech Google Res Atlanta GA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450394215

Presentation slides commonly use visual patterns for structural navigation, such as titles, dividers, and build slides. However, screen readers do not capture such intention, making it time-consuming and less accessible for blind and visually impaired (BVI) users to linearly consume slides with repeated content. We present Slide Gestalt, an automatic approach that identifies the hierarchical structure in a slide deck. Slide Gestalt computes the visual and textual correspondences between slides to generate hierarchical groupings. Readers can navigate the slide deck from the higher-level section overview to the lower-level description of a slide group or individual elements interactively with our UI. We derived side consumption and authoring practices from interviews with BVI readers and sighted creators and an analysis of 100 decks. We performed our pipeline with 50 real-world slide decks and a large dataset. Feedback from eight BVI participants showed that Slide Gestalt helped navigate a slide deck by anchoring content more efficiently, compared to using accessible slides.

关键词： Accessibility Slide deck Presentation Screen reader Multimodal correspondence and alignment

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Visual Captions: Augmenting Verbal Communication with On-the-fly Visuals 23

Visual Captions: Augmenting Verbal Communication with On-the...

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chi conference on human factors in computing systems (chi)

作者： Liu, Xingyu Bruce Kirilyuk, Vladimir Yuan, Xiuxiu Olwal, Alex chi, Peggy Chen, Xiang 'Anthony' Du, Ruofei Univ Calif Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90024 USA Google Res Mountain View CA USA Google Res San Francisco CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450394215

Video conferencing solutions like Zoom, Google Meet, and Microsoft Teams are becoming increasingly popular for facilitating conversations, and recent advancements such as live captioning help people better understand each other. We believe that the addition of visuals based on the context of conversations could further improve comprehension of complex or unfamiliar concepts. To explore the potential of such capabilities, we conducted a formative study through remote interviews (N=10) and crowdsourced a dataset of over 1500 sentence-visual pairs across a wide range of contexts. These insights informed Visual Captions, a real-time system that integrates with a video conferencing platform to enrich verbal communication. Visual Captions leverages a fine-tuned large language model to proactively suggest relevant visuals in open-vocabulary conversations. We present findings from a lab study (N=26) and an in-the-wild case study (N=10), demonstrating how Visual Captions can help improve communication through visual augmentation in various scenarios.

关键词： augmented communication large language models video-mediated communication online meeting collaborative work dataset text-to-visual AI agent augmented reality

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"I Know What You Mean": Context-Aware Recognition to Enhance Speech-Based Games 24

"I Know What You Mean": Context-Aware Recognition to Enhance...

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ACM chi conference on human factors in computing Sytems (chi)

作者： Zargham, Nima Fetni, Mohamed Lamine Spillner, Laura Muender, Thomas Malaka, Rainer Univ Bremen Digital Media Lab Bremen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798400703300

Recent advances in language processing and speech recognition open up a large opportunity for video game companies to embrace voice interaction as an intuitive feature and appealing game mechanics. However, speech-based systems still remain liable to recognition errors. These add a layer of challenge on top of the game's existing obstacles, preventing players from reaching their goals and thus often resulting in player frustration. This work investigates a novel method called context-aware speech recognition, where the game environment and actions are used as supplementary information to enhance recognition in a speech-based game. In a between-subject user study (N = 40), we compared our proposed method with a standard method in which recognition is based only on the voice input without taking context into account. Our results indicate that our proposed method could improve the player experience and the usability of the speech system.

关键词： Game Design Speech Recognition Speech-Based systems Voice-Controlled Game Voice Interaction

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Balancing Power Relations in Participatory Design: The Importance of Initiative and External factors

Balancing Power Relations in Participatory Design: The Impor...

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Extended Abstracts of the 2023 chi conference on human factors in computing systems, chi EA 2023

作者： Volkmann, Torben Dresel, Markus Jochems, Nicole Universität zu Lübeck Lübeck Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450394222

Power imbalances between users and designers impede the intent to equal contributions in a participatory process. Recent years have shown that unforeseen external factors pose a risk of exacerbating this power imbalance by limiting in-person meetings and communication in general. This study evaluated a projects' power relations using a three-part reflection-on-action approach. Results show, that external factors can act as an actor in the power relationship model and that the change of initiative can change the power relations. Thus, we propose a power relation triangle for Participatory Design processes, including participants, designers and external conditions as actors and the decision-making at the center based on the combination of the actor's relations. This framework can help to better understand and address power imbalances in Participatory Design. © 2023 Owner/Author.

关键词： Decision making

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Examining human Perception of Generative Content Replacement in Image Privacy Protection 24

Examining Human Perception of Generative Content Replacement...

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chi conference on human factors in computing Sytems (chi)

作者： Xu, Anran Fang, Shitao Yang, Huan Hosio, Simo Yatani, Koji Univ Tokyo Interact Intelligent Syst Lab Tokyo Japan Microsoft Res Beijing Peoples R China Univ Oulu Ctr Ubiquitous Comp Oulu Finland Univ Tokyo Tokyo Coll Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798400703300

The richness of the information in photos can often threaten privacy, thus image editing methods are often employed for privacy protection. Existing image privacy protection techniques, like blurring, often struggle to maintain the balance between robust privacy protection and preserving image usability. To address this, we introduce a generative content replacement (GCR) method in image privacy protection, which seamlessly substitutes privacy-threatening contents with similar and realistic substitutes, using state-of-the-art generative techniques. Compared with four prevalent image protection methods, GCR consistently exhibited low detectability, making the detection of edits remarkably challenging. GCR also performed reasonably well in hindering the identification of specific content and managed to sustain the image's narrative and visual harmony. This research serves as a pilot study and encourages further innovation on GCR and the development of tools that enable human-in-the-loop image privacy protection using approaches similar to GCR.

关键词： image privacy usable security generative artificial intelligence diffusion models

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