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IASTED International conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing and Networks, as part of the 23rd IASTED International Multi-conference on Applied Informatics

作者： Dissanaike, Sum Wijkman, Pierre Stockholm University Royal Institute of Technology Forum 100 164 40 Kista Sweden

Deeply embedded systems have not traditionally been able to interact with a user using a graphical user interface (GUI). At best deeply embedded systems are able to control a simple text based LCD-display in order to interact with the user. An alternative way to display graphics is to utilize a remote display protocol. In this paper we examine the possibility to implement an open standard remote display protocol in a deeply embedded system. We refer to deeply embedded systems as an embedded system with an 8-bit microcontroller. We compare the well-established protocols Remote Display Protocol (rdP), X-Window and Virtual Network Computing (VNC). Our work shows that the VNC protocol is best suited for implementing on a deeply embedded system among these. Our implementation targets the lowest level in an industrial network e.g. the actuators/sensor level. We evaluate four different network/power technologies that target this level. Our intention was to enable a deeply embedded system at the actuators/sensor level to display graphics. We successfully implemented a basic VNC-server on a representative hardware platform and extracted information from a Capi2 network working at the actuators/sensor Level. The implementation has been effectively tested and used in a commercial environment.

关键词： embedded systems

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Wireless sensor systems for near-term space Shuttle missions

Wireless sensor systems for near-term space Shuttle missions

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23rd conference and Exposition on Structural Dynamics 2005, IMAC-XXIII

作者： Champaigne, Kevin Invocon Inc. 19221 I-45 South Conroe TX 77385 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0912053895

NASA has developed a series of wireless data acquisition and communications systems for monitoring critical areas of the Shuttle during pre-flight, ascent, on-orbit, and re-entry phases. Wireless sensor and data logger applications include monitoring the structural dynamics of payloads, collecting data for modal analysis of the flexhose assemblies, and measuring strain on both the Main Engine struts and the Remote Manipulator System (Shuttle Arm). Additionally, the Wing Leading Edge Impact Monitoring System is being installed within the Shuttle wings for the Return to Flight mission, STS-114, and subsequent missions to assist in detecting, locating, and characterizing the severity of impact events similar to the debris impact that caused the Columbia disaster. In fact, wireless systems based on Invocon's line of MicroWIS sensors have been developed to investigate or mitigate all three of the latest technical causes of Shuttle launch delays. Each battery operated unit interfaces with various sensors and records data in internal memory for use by analysts post-flight, while some systems perform local detection algorithms and transfer data through Shuttle data systems for analysis by ground personnel during the mission. Through the use of a basic system design with considerable flight history and through the limiting of interfaces with Shuttle resources, the development time and cost, as well as integration effort for installation, have been significantly reduced, enabling the use of the systems for the first or second flights. The general design of the systems are discussed in this paper, including sensor interfaces, hardware design, embedded software algorithms, system operations, and Shuttle integration methods.

关键词： Structural dynamics

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Connectivity maintenance and coverage preservation in wireless sensor networks

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Ad Hoc Networks 2005年第6期3卷 744-761页

作者： Tian, Di Georganas, Nicolas D. School of Information Technology and Engineering University of Ottawa 800 King Edward Ave. 550 Cumberland Ottawa Ont. K1N 6N5 Canada 1504-25 Leith Hill Rd. Toronto M2J 1Z1 Canada

In wireless sensor networks, one of the main design challenges is to save severely constrained energy resources and obtain long system lifetime. Low cost of sensors enables us to randomly deploy a large number of sensor nodes. Thus, a potential approach to solve lifetime problem arises. That is to let sensors work alternatively by identifying redundant nodes in high-density networks and assigning them an off-duty operation mode that has lower energy consumption than the normal on-duty mode. In a single wireless sensor network, sensors are performing two operations: sensing and communication. Therefore, there might exist two kinds of redundancy in the network. Most of the previous work addressed only one kind of redundancy: sensing or communication alone. Wang et al. [Intergrated Coverage and Connectivity Configuration in Wireless sensor Networks, in: proceedings of the First acm conference on embedded networked sensor systems (SenSys 2003), Los Angeles, November 2003] and Zhang and Hou [Maintaining Sensing Coverage and Connectivity in Large sensor Networks. Technical report UIUCDCS-R-2003-2351, June 2003] first discussed how to combine consideration of coverage and connectivity maintenance in a single activity scheduling. They provided a sufficient condition for safe scheduling integration in those fully covered networks. However, random node deployment often makes initial sensing holes inside the deployed area inevitable even in an extremely high-density network. Therefore, in this paper, we enhance their work to support general wireless sensor networks by proving another conclusion: "the communication range is twice of the sensing range" is the sufficient condition and the tight lower bound to ensure that complete coverage preservation implies connectivity among active nodes if the original network topology (consisting of all the deployed nodes) is connected. Also, we extend the result to k-degree network connectivity and k-degree coverage preservation. © 2004 Els

关键词： Telecommunication networks

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Task sequencing for optimizing the computation cycle in a timed computation model

Task sequencing for optimizing the computation cycle in a ti...

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23rd Digital Avionics systems conference - proceedings: Avionics System Transitioning to the Next Generation

作者： Fischmeister, Sebastian Menkhaus, Guido University of Salzburg Austria

Recent developments in embedded control systems promote the timed computation model following the principles of logical execution time (LET). Resulting control applications are time deterministic, value deterministic, and their properties may be subject to formal verification against a mathematical model of the control design. However, the timed computation model introduces inefficiencies to computation cycles. As the LET of a real-time control task requires being greater than its worst-case execution time and computed values are always propagated at the end of the LET, actuator updates are unnecessarily delayed. This makes the control cycle less responsive. In this paper, we present an approach that allows the definition of task sequences for a timed computation model implemented by the timing definition language (TDL). Task sequences help minimizing timing delays between sensor readings and actuator updates (e.g., in estimator-based control systems), managing startup and shutdown phases of control systems, and providing mechanisms for error-detection in fault-tolerant systems. © 2004 IEEE.

关键词： embedded systems

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A communication architecture and programming abstractions for real-time embedded sensor networks

A communication architecture and programming abstractions fo...

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International conference on Distributed Computing systems Workshop

作者： T. Abdelzaher J. Stankovic S. Son B. Blum T. He A. Wood Chenyang Lu Department of Computer Science University of Virginia Charlottesville VA USA Department of Computer Science University of Washington Saint Louis MO USA

Data distribution in embedded real-time sensor networks requires new protocols and programming environments that achieve time-sensitive message delivery and provide useful abstractions to the application programmer Attainment of these goals requires changes to multiple layers of the communication protocol stack. In this paper, we review a protocol suite developed by the authors for data communication in embedded sensor networks. It takes into account time constraints and exports attribute-based connections that are tightly integrated with properties of the monitored environment. A programming language is described that allows external physical objects to be represented as first class abstractions in the computing System. The language facilitates writing monitoring applications. The system was implemented on a prototypical sensor network based on MICA motes.

关键词： Protocols sensor phenomena and characterization Monitoring Programming environments Programming profession Data communication Time factors Computer languages Physics computing Writing

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Smart furniture: improvising ubiquitous hot-spot environment

Smart furniture: improvising ubiquitous hot-spot environment

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International conference on Distributed Computing systems Workshop

作者： M. Ito A. Iwaya M. Saito K. Nakanishi K. Matsumiya J. Nakazawa N. Nishio K. Takashio H. Tokuda Graduate School of Media and Governance Keio University Fujisawa Kanagawa Japan

We developed Smart Furniture, which extemporaneously converts the legacy non-smart space into a Smart Hot-spot which consists of computational services. Since the Smart Furniture is equipped with networked computers, sensors and various I/O devices, it can provide various services by alone or by coordinating with other devices. In this paper, the physical structure and middlewares for the Smart Furniture are described. The prototype systems to realize Smart Hot-spot such as a Crossing Window System, an Active Authentication System for Library, a Mobile TV-phone System, and an Environmental Information Monitor System are also introduced.

关键词： Intelligent sensors Pervasive computing Ubiquitous computing Middleware Space technology Computer networks Prototypes Hardware Home appliances embedded computing

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Middleware and application adaptation requirements and their support in pervasive computing

Middleware and application adaptation requirements and their...

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International conference on Distributed Computing systems Workshop

作者： C. Becker G. Schiele Institute for Parallel and Distributed Systems (IPVS) University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany

Pervasive computing environments are characterized by an additional heterogeneity compared to existing computing infrastructures. Devices ranging from small embedded systems to full-fledged computers are connected via spontaneously formed networks. In this paper we analyze requirements of applications and system software to cope with the dynamically changing execution environment. Based on our micro-broker-based middleware BASE a component framework for pervasive computing supporting application adaptation is proposed.

关键词： Middleware Pervasive computing Quality of service Distributed computing Application software sensor systems Temperature sensors Personal digital assistants Senior citizens Concurrent computing

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An integrated approach to modeling and analysis of embedded real-time systems based on Timed Petri Nets

An integrated approach to modeling and analysis of embedded ...

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International conference on Distributed Computing systems

作者： Zonghua Gu K.G. Shin Real-Time Computing Laboratory EECS Department University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA

In computer-based control systems, embedded software is taking over what mechanical and dedicated electronic systems used to do, that is, to engage and control the physical world, interacting directly with sensors and actuators. Therefore, software running on a digital processor is tightly-coupled with its surrounding physical environment. We propose an integrated approach based on Timed Petri-Nets for modeling and analysis of embedded real-time systems where real-time scheduling behavior of the controller software is explicitly represented at the model-level, together with the physical environment that it interacts with. This enables the designer to have an integrated view of the entire system while analyzing the system and making design decisions. We also describe a syntax-directed, automated translation procedure from Timed Petri-Nets to Timed Automata, thus enabling the use of model checkers such as UPPAAL for analysis purposes. We consider the railroad crossing problem as an application example, and evaluate alternatives for controller implementation on either single-processor or distributed multi-processor platforms based on the integrated approach.

关键词： Real time systems Petri nets Control systems embedded software Automatic control embedded computing Physics computing Mechanical sensors sensor systems Actuators

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Biologically inspired vision sensors

Biologically inspired vision sensors

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International conference on Microelectronics, MIEL

作者： J. Van der Spiegel R. Etienne-Cummings M. Nishimura Moore School of Electrical Engineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD USA Sankyo Company Limited Tokyo Japan

The paper starts with a brief discussion of the biological vision system that serves as a model for the three types of vision sensors described later on. A retina-like CCD sensor whose computational properties are embedded in its structure is described first, followed by a CMOS tracking sensor that consists of a fovea for smooth pursuit and a periphery for saccadic motion control. This sensor incorporates logarithmic compression, edge detection, direction-of-motion detection and centroid localization. Finally, a CMOS sensor for the detection of image features is discussed. The sensor extracts lower-level features, such as line orientation, line stops, and intersections, in a hierarchical fashion, similar to what the simple and complex cells do in the biological system.

关键词： Biosensors sensor phenomena and characterization CMOS image sensors sensor systems Image edge detection Machine vision Biological system modeling Semiconductor device modeling Charge coupled devices Biology computing

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Object oriented design of a mobile robot using UML

Object oriented design of a mobile robot using UML

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International conference on Information Technology Interfaces

作者： E. Mumolo S. Moratto M. Nolich G. Vercelli DEEI Universita di Trieste Trieste Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9539676932

The design of a mobile robot which is underway at DEEI, the EE&CS Dept of the University of Trieste, is described. The design has been entirely performed using UML, and the whole architecture is presented together with the diagrams which correspond to every component of the robot: mechanics, electronics and computational sub-systems.

关键词： Mobile robots Unified modeling language Computer architecture embedded software Robot sensing systems sensor systems Actuators Intelligent robots embedded system Intelligent sensors

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