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检索条件"任意字段=Proceedings of the 5th ACM SIGPLAN Symposium on Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming"

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An Overview of Medusa: Simplified Graph Processing on GPUs 12

An Overview of Medusa: Simplified Graph Processing on GPUs

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17th acm sigplan symposium on principles and practice of parallel programming

作者： Zhong, Jianlong He, Bingsheng Nanyang Technol Univ Singapore 639798 Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9781450311601

Graphs are the de facto data structures for many applications, and efficient graph processing is a must for the application performance. GPUs have an order of magnitude higher computational power and memory bandwidth compared to CPUs and have been adopted to accelerate several common graph algorithms. However, it is difficult to write correct and efficient GPU programs and even more difficult for graph processing due to the irregularities of graph structures. To address those difficulties, we propose a programming framework named Medusa to simplify graph processing on GPUs. Medusa offers a small set of APIs, based on which developers can define their application logics by writing sequential code without awareness of GPU architectures. the Medusa runtime system automatically executes the developer defined APIs in parallel on the GPU, with a series of graph-centric optimizations. this poster gives an overview of Medusa, and presents some preliminary results.

关键词： Algorithms Performance GPGPU GPU programming Graph Processing Runtime Framework

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Analysis of event synchronization in a parallel programming tool 90

Analysis of event synchronization in a parallel programming ...

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2nd acm sigplan symposium on principles and practice of parallel programming, PPOPP 1990

作者： Callahan, David Kennedy, Ken Subhlok, Jaspal Tera Computer Company 400 North 34th Street SeattleWA98103 United States Department of Computer Science Rice University HoustonTX77251-1892 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0897913507

Understanding synchronization is important for a parallel programming tool that uses dependence analysis as the basis for advising programmers on the correctness of parallel constructs. this paper discusses static analysis methods that can be applied to parallel programs with event variable synchronization. the objective is to be able to predict potential data races in a parallel program. the focus is on how dependences and synchronization statements inside loops can be used to analyze complete programs with parallel loop and parallel case style parallelism. © 1990 acm.

关键词： Synchronization

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Load Balancing on Speed

Load Balancing on Speed

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15th acm sigplan symposium on principles and practice of parallel programming

作者： Hofmeyr, Steven Iancu, Costin Blagojevic, Filip Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab Berkeley CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781605587080

To fully exploit multicore processors, applications are expected to provide a large degree of thread-level parallelism. While adequate for low core counts and their typical workloads, the current load balancing support in operating systems may not be able to achieve efficient hardware utilization for parallel workloads. Balancing run queue length globally ignores the needs of parallel applications where threads are required to make equal progress. In this paper we present a load balancing technique designed specifically for parallel applications running on multicore systems. Instead of balancing run queue length, our algorithm balances the time a thread has executed on "faster" and "slower" cores. We provide a user level implementation of speed balancing on UMA and NUMA multi-socket architectures running Linux and discuss behavior across a variety of workloads, usage scenarios and programming models. Our results indicate that speed balancing when compared to the native Linux load balancing improves performance and provides good performance isolation in all cases considered. Speed balancing is also able to provide comparable or better performance than DWRR, a fair multi-processor scheduling implementation inside the Linux kernel. Furthermore, parallel application performance is often determined by the implementation of synchronization operations and speed balancing alleviates the need for tuning the implementations of such primitives.

关键词： Experimentation theory Performance Measurement Languages Design parallel programming Operating System Load Balancing Speed Balancing Multicore Multisocket

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Provably and Practically Efficient Granularity Control 19

Provably and Practically Efficient Granularity Control

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24th acm sigplan symposium on principles and practice of parallel programming (PPoPP)

作者： Acar, Umut A. Aksenov, Vitaly Chargueraud, Arthur Rainey, Mike Carnegie Mellon Univ Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA INRIA Paris France ITMO Univ St Petersburg Russia Univ Strasbourg ICube CNRS Strasbourg France Indiana Univ Bloomington IN 47405 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450362252

Over the past decade, many programming languages and systems for parallel-computing have been developed, e.g., Fork/Join and Habanero Java, parallel Haskell, parallel ML, and X10. Although these systems raise the level of abstraction for writing parallel codes, performance continues to require labor-intensive optimizations for coarsening the granularity of parallel executions. In this paper, we present provably and practically efficient techniques for controlling granularity within the run-time system of the language. Our starting point is "oracle-guided scheduling", a result from the functional-programming community that shows that granularity can be controlled by an "oracle" that can predict the execution time of parallel codes. We give an algorithm for implementing such an oracle and prove that it has the desired theoretical properties under the nested-parallel programming model. We implement the oracle in C++ by extending Cilk and evaluate its practical performance. the results show that our techniques can essentially eliminate hand tuning while closely matching the performance of hand tuned codes.

关键词： parallel programming languages granularity control

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Statistical scalability analysis of communication operations in distributed applications 01

Statistical scalability analysis of communication operations...

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8th acm sigplan symposium on the principles and practice of parallel Computing

作者： Vetter, JS McCracken, MO Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab Ctr Appl Sci Comp Livermore CA 94551 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781581133462

Current trends in high performance computing suggest that users will soon have widespread access to clusters of multiprocessors with hundreds, if not thousands, of processors. this unprecedented degree of parallelism will undoubtedly expose scalability limitations in existing applications, where scalability is the ability of a parallel algorithm on a parallel architecture to effectively utilize an increasing number of processors. Users will need precise and automated techniques for detecting the cause of limited scalability. this paper addresses this dilemma. First, we argue that users face numerous challenges in understanding application scalability: managing substantial amounts of experiment data, extracting useful trends from this data, and reconciling performance information with their application's design. Second, we propose a solution to automate this data analysis problem by applying fundamental statistical techniques to scalability experiment data. Finally, we evaluate our operational prototype on several applications, and show that statistical techniques offer an effective strategy for assessing application scalability. In particular, we find that non-parametric correlation of the number of tasks to the ratio of the time for communication operations to overall communication time provides a reliable measure for identifying communication operations that scale poorly.

关键词： Scalability Experimental data statistical techniques Consumers Communication Research Automated recording parallel architectures Surgery Multiprocessor High Performance Computing parallel algorithms

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An OpenACC-based unified programming model for multi-accelerator systems 2015

An OpenACC-based unified programming model for multi-acceler...

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20th acm sigplan symposium on principles and practice of parallel programming, PPoPP 2015

作者： Kim, Jungwon Lee, Seyong Vetter, Jeffrey S. Oak Ridge National Laboratory United States Georgia Institute of Technology United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450332057

this paper proposes a novel SPMD programming model of OpenACC. Our model integrates the different granularities of parallelism from vector-level parallelism to node-level parallelism into a single, unified model based on OpenACC. It allows programmers to write programs for multiple accelerators using a uniform programming model whether they are in shared or distributed memory systems. We implement a prototype of our model and evaluate its performance with a GPU-based supercomputer using three benchmark applications.

关键词： Supercomputers

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Initial study of multi-endpoint runtime for MPI+OpenMP hybrid programming model on multi-core systems 14

Initial study of multi-endpoint runtime for MPI+OpenMP hybri...

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2014 19th acm sigplan symposium on principles and practice of parallel programming, PPoPP 2014

作者： Luo, Miao Lu, Xiaoyi Hamidouche, Khaled Kandalla, Krishna Panda, Dhabaleswar K. Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Ohio State University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450326568

State-of-the-art MPI libraries rely on locks to guarantee thread-safety. this discourages application developers from using multiple threads to perform MPI operations. In this paper, we propose a high performance, lock-free multiendpoint MPI runtime, which can achieve up to 40% improvement for point-to-point operation and one representative collective operation with minimum or no modifications to the existing applications.

关键词： Locks (fasteners)

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Dynamic adaptation to available resources for parallel computing in an autonomous network of workstations 01

Dynamic adaptation to available resources for parallel compu...

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8th acm sigplan symposium on the principles and practice of parallel Computing

作者： Rencuzogullari, U Dwarkadas, S Univ Rochester Dept Comp Sci Rochester NY 14627 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781581133462

Networks of workstations (NOWs), which are generally composed of autonomous compute elements networked together, axe an attractive parallel computing platform since they offer high performance at low cost. the autonomous nature of the environment, however, often results in inefficient utilization due to load imbalances caused by three primary factors: 1) unequal load (compute or communication) assignment to equally-powerful compute nodes, 2) unequal resources at compute nodes, and 3) multiprogramming. these load imbalances result in idle waiting time on cooperating processes that need to synchronize or communicate data. Additional waiting time may result due to local scheduling decisions in a multiprogrammed environment. In this paper, we present a combined approach of compile-time analysis, run-time load distribution, and operating system scheduler cooperation for improved utilization of available resources in an autonomous NOW. the techniques we propose allow efficient resource utilization by taking into consideration all three causes of load imbalance in addition to locality of access in the process of load distribution. the resulting adaptive load distribution and cooperative scheduling system allows applications to take advantage of parallel resources when available by providing better performance than when the loaded resources axe not used at all.

关键词： unbalanced load Load distribution parallel PROCESSING (COMPUTERS) networks of workstations Workstations autonomous network

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Structure-driven Optimizations for Amorphous Data-parallel Programs

Structure-driven Optimizations for Amorphous Data-parallel P...

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15th acm sigplan symposium on principles and practice of parallel programming

作者： Mendez-Lojo, Mario Nguyen, Donald Prountzos, Dimitrios Sui, Xin Hassaan, M. Amber Kulkarni, Milind Burtscher, Martin Pingali, Keshav Univ Texas Austin Inst Computat Engn & Sci Austin TX 78712 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781605587080

Irregular algorithms are organized around pointer-based data structures such as graphs and trees, and they are ubiquitous in applications. Recent work by the Galois project has provided a systematic approach for parallelizing irregular applications based on the idea of optimistic or speculative execution of programs. However, the overhead of optimistic parallel execution can be substantial. In this paper, we show that many irregular algorithms have structure that can be exploited and present three key optimizations that take advantage of algorithmic structure to reduce speculative overheads. We describe the implementation of these optimizations in the Galois system and present experimental results to demonstrate their benefits. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first system to exploit algorithmic structure to optimize the execution of irregular programs.

关键词： Amorphous Data-parallelism Irregular Programs Optimistic parallelization Synchronization Overheads Cautious Operator Implementations One-shot Optimization Iteration Coalescing

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Using generative design patterns to generate parallel code for a distributed memory environment 03

Using generative design patterns to generate parallel code f...

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9th acm sigplan symposium on principles and practice of parallel programming

作者： Tan, K Szafron, D Schaeffer, J Anvik, J MacDonald, S Univ Alberta Dept Comp Sci Edmonton AB T6G 2E8 Canada Univ Waterloo Sch Comp Sci Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781581135886

A design pattern is a mechanism for encapsulating the knowledge of experienced designers into a re-usable artifact. parallel design patterns reflect commonly occurring parallel communication and synchronization structures. Our tools, CO2P3S (Correct Object-Oriented Pattern-based parallel programming System) and MetaCO(2)P(3)S, use generative design patterns. A programmer selects the parallel design patterns that are appropriate for an application, and then adapts the patterns for that specific application by selecting from a small set of code-configuration options. CO2P3S then generates a custom framework for the application that includes all of the structural code necessary for the application to ran in parallel. the programmer is only required to write simple code that launches the application and to fill in some application-specific sequential hook routines. We use generative design patterns to take an application specification (parallel design patterns + sequential user code) and use it to generate parallel application code that achieves good performance in shared memory and distributed memory environments. Although our implementations are for Java, the approach we describe is tool and language independent. this paper describes generalizing CO2P3S to generate distributed-memory parallel solutions.

关键词： performance design reliability languages parallel programming design patterns frameworks programming tools

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