Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses H5N1 have spread throughout Asia, Europe, and Africa in the past decade, raising serious worldwide concerns about a potential new pandemic. Many studies have investigated the ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9788890357411
Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses H5N1 have spread throughout Asia, Europe, and Africa in the past decade, raising serious worldwide concerns about a potential new pandemic. Many studies have investigated the spread of the HPAI H5N1 virus and discussed its possible risk factors. However, the climate factor, which can affect the whole process of H5N1 outbreaks, has been greatly ignored. the objective of this preliminary study is to use a GIS-based approach to explore the potential impacts of temperature change on H5N1 outbreaks. We have divided the outbreaks into five epidemic waves. Although the temperature ranges of different epidemic waves are overlapped, the season period of different waves are varied, indicating that temperature may play an important role in the timing of outbreaks. Current measures might successfully control the epidemic strength of H5N1 outbreaks, but they did not change its epidemic cycles. the risk of H5N1 outbreaks reflected from the spatial viewpoint is still very high, and long-term efficient control strategies on H5N1 outbreaks should be explored for sustainable effects.
the objective of this paper is to show the usefulness of multivariate statistical techniques to structure and visualize the information contained in multi-criteria matrixes obtained from the evaluation of control stra...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9788890357411
the objective of this paper is to show the usefulness of multivariate statistical techniques to structure and visualize the information contained in multi-criteria matrixes obtained from the evaluation of control strategies in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). the performance of sixteen different control strategies is evaluated by measuring their degree of satisfaction for twenty-four environmental, technical, economical and legal objectives using the "Neptune Simulation Benchmark" (an A2O WWTP removing organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus). Cluster analysis (CA), principal component/factor analysis (PCA/FA) and discriminant analysis (DA) are applied to the simulation output of the tested control strategies. the results of the case study show that multivariate analysis is a useful tool to straightforwardly differentiate WWTP control strategies with multiple criteria. Specifically, CA identified similar patterns in the alternatives with and without external chemical addition and/or TSS controller. Also, PCA/FA allowed discovering the main correlations between the evaluation criteria and the control strategies influencing those criteria most. Finally, thanks to DA it can be seen that from the original list of evaluation criteria, only a small sub-set of four, i.e. sludge production, aeration energy and time in violation of effluent limits for COD and P, cause the main differences in the overall process performance. Future evaluation of control strategy performance can therefore be restricted to an evaluation of only these four criteria.
Several approaches have been proposed to model and simulate the spread of infectious diseases such as the West Nile virus (WNV). However, these approaches such as mathematical modeling and cellular automata have some ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9788890357411
Several approaches have been proposed to model and simulate the spread of infectious diseases such as the West Nile virus (WNV). However, these approaches such as mathematical modeling and cellular automata have some weaknesses when trying to model and simulate the influence of geographic and climatic features on the disease spread and the spatio-temporal interactions of various kinds of actors (e.g. mosquitoes, birds, mammals and humans in the WNV case). In this context, we propose to apply a geosimulation approach to remedy some shortcomings of current methods. Using such an approach we developed WNV-MAGS, a tool allowing public health decision policy makers to assess several intervention scenarios in order to understand and estimate the magnitude of the evolution of the WNV in a large territory. the assessment and comparison of different simulation scenarios can help managers make informed decisions. Since WNV is particularly sensitive to environmental changes, our tool allows a user to explore various climate scenarios (temperature and precipitation) in addition to intervention scenarios (larvicide treatments). Since numerous parameters influence such simulations, we carried out calibrations of the models by using monitoring data (capture of mosquitoes, collection of dead birds and application of larvicides on the ground) provided by various public health organizations for the southern part of the province of Quebec and the Ottawa metropolitan area (Ontario). Furthermore, we are currently exploring avenues to produce a generic solution to be applied to other zoonoses such as Lyme disease.
When exposed to corrosive environments precast double-tee (DT) floor systems with cast-in-place concrete toppings reinforced with welded wire fabric often suffer from durability problems along the longitudinal joints ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780937040904
When exposed to corrosive environments precast double-tee (DT) floor systems with cast-in-place concrete toppings reinforced with welded wire fabric often suffer from durability problems along the longitudinal joints of adjacent DTs. the high strain demand along these joints leads to cracking of the concrete topping, exposing the steel reinforcement to an aggressive environment resulting in corrosion. Carbon fiber grid reinforcement is proposed as a replacement for the welded wire fabric to address this problem. this paper presents the results of an experimental program designed to investigate the longitudinal shear behavior and resistance of concrete failure planes reinforced with carbon fiber grid. Twenty-two single-shear test specimens were designed to simulate the joint of adjacent DTs with topping. the objective was to obtain the fundamental longitudinal shear-slip behavior, required to design the carbon fiber grid reinforced longitudinal joint to resist the actions imposed on it from the floor system. Variables considered in the investigation included: reinforcement ratio;grid orientation;and grid chairing / cold joint surface preparation. In addition, two specimens were reinforced with welded wire fabric to allow for direct comparison. the results of this investigation demonstrate that carbon fiber grid as reinforcement in cast-in-place toppings could be a viable alternative. the longitudinal shear behavior observed in carbon fiber grid and welded wire fabric reinforced specimens are similar. It is also shown that existing shearfriction models, originally derived for steel reinforced concrete, can be used to predict the longitudinal shear capacity of carbon fiber grid reinforced concrete. Shear-friction design models from the 6th Edition of the PCI Design Handbook, ACI 318-08, and other published models are compared.
the paper presents a software integration, testing and visualization tool, called Dashboard, which is based on pipe-lined backboard architecture for family of natural language processing (NLP) application. the Dashboa...
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the paper presents a software integration, testing and visualization tool, called Dashboard, which is based on pipe-lined backboard architecture for family of natural language processing (NLP) application. the Dashboard helps in testing of a module in isolation, facilitating the training and tuning of a module, integration and testing of a set of heterogeneous modules, and building and testing of complete integrated system as well. It is also equipped with a user-friendly visualization tool to build, test, and integrate a system (or a subsystem) and view its component-wise performance, and step-wise processing as well. the Dashboard is being successfully used by a consortium of eleven academic institutions to develop a suite of bi-directional machine translation (MT) system for nine pairs of Indic languages, and six MT systems have already been deployed on web. the MT systems are being developed by reusing / re-engineering previously developed NLP modules, by different institutions, in different programming languages, using Dashboard as the testing and integration tool. the paper also discusses the experiences of developing MT products in consortium mode, using Dashboard as its integrating and testing platform, and its proposed enhancements.
the proceedings contain 7 papers. the topics discussed include: differences and changes in preferences regarding personalized systems: a user-centered design perspective;AnAmeter: the first steps to evaluating adaptat...
the proceedings contain 7 papers. the topics discussed include: differences and changes in preferences regarding personalized systems: a user-centered design perspective;AnAmeter: the first steps to evaluating adaptation;an experiment to evaluate how to better present user models to the users;retrospective evaluation of blended user modeling for adaptive educational systems;assessing the effectiveness and usability of personalized Internet search through a longitudinal evaluation;evaluating recommender explanations: problems experienced and lessons learned for the evaluation of adaptive systems;and user-centered design methods for validating a recommendations model to enrich learning management systems with adaptive navigation support.
the proceedings contain 28 papers. the topics discussed include: distributed computing in opportunistic environments;web of things as a framework for ubiquitous intelligence and computing;context-aware activity recogn...
ISBN:
(纸本)3642028292
the proceedings contain 28 papers. the topics discussed include: distributed computing in opportunistic environments;web of things as a framework for ubiquitous intelligence and computing;context-aware activity recognition through a combination of ontological and statistical reasoning;context-aware path planning in ubiquitous network;a framework to calibrate a MEMS sensor network;application domain driven data visualization framework for wireless sensor networks;hybrid Bluetooth scatter net routing;self-estimation of neighborhood density for mobile wireless nodes;NavTag: an inter-working framework based on tags for symbolic location coordinates for smart spaces;conflicting-set-based wormhole attack resistant localization in wireless sensor networks;novel and efficient identity-based authenticated key agreement protocols from weil pairings;implicit user re-authentication for mobile devices;lattice based privacy negotiation rule generation for context-aware service;and anticipative wrap-around inquiry method towards efficient RFID tag identification.
the proceedings contain 33 papers. the topics discussed include: cluster-based inter-domain routing (CIDR) protocol for MANETs;optimal routing and scheduling for deterministic delay tolerant networks;decentralized lin...
ISBN:
(纸本)9781424433759
the proceedings contain 33 papers. the topics discussed include: cluster-based inter-domain routing (CIDR) protocol for MANETs;optimal routing and scheduling for deterministic delay tolerant networks;decentralized link adaptation for multi-link MIMO interference system;performance of multicarrier CDMA systems with improved pilot-aided channel estimation;non-interactive localization of cognitive radios based on dynamic signal strength mapping;SESAM: a semi-synchronous, energy savvy, application-aware MAC;improving preamble sampling performance in wireless sensor networks with state information;advantages of virtual addressing for efficient and failure tolerant routing in sensor networks;a distributed solution to estimation problems in wireless sensor networks leveraging broadcast communication;and impact of correlation in node locations on the performance of distributed compression.
the development of mobile network technology provides a great potential for social networking services. this paper studied data mining for social network analysis purpose, which aims at find people's social networ...
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the development of mobile network technology provides a great potential for social networking services. this paper studied data mining for social network analysis purpose, which aims at find people's social network patterns by analyzing the information about their mobile phone usage. In this research, the real database of MIT's Reality Mining project is employed. the classification model presented in this project provides a new approach to find the proximity between users - based on their registration frequencies to specific cellular towers associated their working places. K-means Algorithm is applied for clustering, and we find the result could achieve the highest accuracy 0.823 at the number groups k = 6. the clustering result successfully reflects the higher proximity (at work) for the intra-class subjects.
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