An implantable joint angle transducer (IJAT) was developed for chronic use with upper extremity functional neuromuscular stimulation (FNS) neuroprostheses. the IJAT uses a permanent magnet surgically implanted in one ...
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An implantable joint angle transducer (IJAT) was developed for chronic use with upper extremity functional neuromuscular stimulation (FNS) neuroprostheses. the IJAT uses a permanent magnet surgically implanted in one bone, and an array of Hall effect sensors surgically implanted in the opposing bone. Titanium encapsulation protects the magnet, sensors, and support electronics, and secures the packages in the bone. the IJAT provides command control or feedback signals from mid-sized two-degree-of-freedom (2-d.f.) joints. IJATs were implanted using a chronic in-vivo dog model to demonstrate the feasibility of implantation and periodic measurement techniques, and to validate modeling techniques used for prediction of function and calibration. the flexion resolution ranged from 0.4/spl deg/ to 3.0/spl deg/. the maximum deviation from a linear response was 9/spl deg/. the resolution and linearity depend on several transducer and joint geometry parameters, and can be predicted pre-implantation and calibrated post-implantation.< >
Historically. progress in image coding tecliniqnes has been made by incorporating resnits from other fields SUCh as information theory. Most of the existing coding methods such as predictive coding. transform coding, ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)081941638X
Historically. progress in image coding tecliniqnes has been made by incorporating resnits from other fields SUCh as information theory. Most of the existing coding methods such as predictive coding. transform coding, and vector quantization belong to information-theory-based methods in which image signals are considered as ranidoni signals aiid compressed by exploiting their stochastic properties. Apart from these iiiformation-tlieoretic coding iniethods, research on new approaches such as modelbased coding (which is related to 1)0th image analysis and computer graphics) has recently intensified. An essential difference between conventional coding methods and these new approaches is the image model they assume. Contrary to conventional coding methods which efficiently represent 2-D waveforms of image signals model-based co ding represent iniage signals using structural image models which take into accomit the 3-D properties of the scene in some sense. there have been two major approaches to model-based image coding. One approach uses general niodels such as planar patches and sniooth surfaces to represent the 3-D properties of the oI)jects [11, 19, 28. 31, 33. 36, 39. 40, 43]. the other approach utilizes detailed 1)arameterized 3-D object models such as a parameterized facial model [2. 6, 13. 15. 17, 22. 24. 2G. 32, 35. 41. 47, 48. 49. 51. 54]. TIne former approach has been discussed in the context of advanced motion compensation. the latter approach is clearly different from the conventional approaches. since it uses an explicit 3—D model and encodes images with coniputer—vision— Oiieiite(il tecliniques an(I 1eJ)1()(luces iniages with colnj)uter—grapllics—oriented techniques . Both approaches will potentially achieves very low l)it rate video compression. Iii the following sectionis. unage co(ling schemes are described froni the point of view of their associated image IIli)delS. Amoiig our works related to these paradignins in the Univ. of Tokyo [2. 3, 4. 8, 9, 10,
the authors present an automated modeling technique which can be used as an alternative to regression techniques to improve the quality of the software development process. the modeling process will allow for the reli...
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the authors present an automated modeling technique which can be used as an alternative to regression techniques to improve the quality of the software development process. the modeling process will allow for the reliable detection of potential problem areas and for the interpretation of the cause of the problem so that the most appropriate remedial action can be taken. It is shown that it can be used to facilitate the identification and aid the interpretation of the significant trends which characterize high risk components in several Ada systems. the effectiveness of the technique is evaluated based on a comparison with logistic regression based models.< >
this paper introduces an integrated environment for software reliability modeling. the environment consists of three major components: (1) a software reliability modeling tool SMERFS adapted to fit our development env...
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this paper introduces an integrated environment for software reliability modeling. the environment consists of three major components: (1) a software reliability modeling tool SMERFS adapted to fit our development environment; (2) a general data analysis environment in S-PLUS customized for software reliability modeling; and (3) some supporting programs written in C and AWK. this environment has been successfully used in the IBM Programming Systems Toronto Lab.< >
the authors present an approach that combines process modeling with process assessments. they use the structured analysis and design technique (SADT) modeling notation (D.A. Marca and C.L. McGowan, 1988). the DoD CIM ...
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the authors present an approach that combines process modeling with process assessments. they use the structured analysis and design technique (SADT) modeling notation (D.A. Marca and C.L. McGowan, 1988). the DoD CIM Initiative has standardized on a subset of SADT, called IDEF0, to model business processes. A SADT (IDEF0) model was created of a large software maintenance process and the model led to process improvements that might have been missed otherwise. this model based process assessment approach is described as a process in its own right.< >
Reports on an empirical investigation of Albrecht function points. they investigated the constituent elements of the function point counts to determine whether all the elements are required to provide a valid measure ...
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Reports on an empirical investigation of Albrecht function points. they investigated the constituent elements of the function point counts to determine whether all the elements are required to provide a valid measure of size; whether the sum of all the elements is a better predictor of effort than the constituent elements; and whether the complexity adjustments are necessary. the study suggests that function points are not well-formed metrics because there is a correlation between their constituent elements. It also suggests that for the dataset under investigation, two of the constituent elements were as good at predicting effort as the raw function point count and that the unweighted counts can be reasonable predictors of effort.< >
Two computer models for analysis of transient behaviour of earthing systems based on the electromagnetic theory have been developed. the computer models are based on different mathematical models and different numeric...
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Two computer models for analysis of transient behaviour of earthing systems based on the electromagnetic theory have been developed. the computer models are based on different mathematical models and different numerical techniques are applied. the first goal of the analysis is to compute the longitudinal current distribution in the earthing electrodes. then once the currents are determined, other parameters of interest such as near fields, voltages, leakage currents, impedance, etc. may be determined by further calculations. In this paper the emphasis is given to computation of the induced overvoltages in circuits placed near the earthing systems in case of lightning. Comparison withthe previous, more simplified computer models, shows that new models predict much greater induced transient voltages.< >
this paper considers sliding mode controlled nonlinear DC drive and the derivation of the required conditions on the control parameters for the system to exhibit sliding mode behaviour. the modelling of the nonlinear ...
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this paper considers sliding mode controlled nonlinear DC drive and the derivation of the required conditions on the control parameters for the system to exhibit sliding mode behaviour. the modelling of the nonlinear DC drive is done in state-space and simulation on a Digital Computer 80486 Unix based system with Adams Bashforth's predictor-corrector method for the solution of inherent nonlinearity present. the proposed control is insensitive to the variations in the control gains and it does not change significantly withthe variation in the load conditions.< >
Unlike conventional radiographs, the detail contained within Nuclear Medicine images is not fine in its structure. Consequently, it is possible that some loss of detail may be tolerable when using data compression tec...
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