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15th acm-IEEE International conference on Formal Methods and Models for System design (MEMOCODE)

作者： Grosch, Franz-Josef Robert Bosch GmbH Gerlingen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450350938

Product development at companies such as Bosch requires systems engineering for digital hardware and mechatronic components as well as software engineering for resource-constrained real-time applications cooperating with distributed server applications. While many of the involved engineering disciplines greatly benefit from model-based approaches and from advances in software infrastructures, deeply embedded software still is written in C since the seventies and runs on platforms designed in the nineties (e.g. OSEK). Simulation tools like Simulink or Modelica are used to test discrete code against continuous plant models or to generate code for certain aspects, but they do not really provide modern implementation technologies to address software architecture and qualities or to make embedded programming "attractive" for software *** regard synchronous languages as suitable to solve many of the issues in the integration (causality) and synchronisation (clocks) of time-triggered and event-triggered embedded functions that exhibit their behaviour over time steps and are coordinated according to their mode-switching in a structured synchronous control flow. Searching for an imperative synchronous language (with deterministic concurrent composition, and synchronous control flow), equipped with features for encapsulation and composition (objects, packages, separate compilation) and supporting programming parallel tasks deployed to separate cores (clock refinement and deterministic inter-task communication), we ended up in designing our own language, suitable for resource-constrained, real-time applications running on multi-core *** will explain the main requirements and features of this language, how they integrate with the principles of a synchronous language, how they can be applied to typical everyday problems in embedded development, and how such locally synchronous services may integrate in a globally asynchronous service architecture.

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The exo VM system for automatic VM and application reduction

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acm sigplan NOTICES 2007年第6期42卷 352-362页

作者： Titzer, Ben L. Auerbach, Joshua Bacon, David F. Palsberg, Jens Univ Calif Los Angeles Compilers Grp Los Angeles CA 90025 USA

Embedded systems pose unique challenges to Java application developers and virtual machine designers. Chief among these challenges is the memory footprint of both the virtual machine and the applications that run within it. With the rapidly increasing set of features provided by the Java language, virtual machine designers are often forced to build custom implementations that make various tradeoffs between the footprint of the virtual machine and the subset of the Java language and class libraries that are supported. In this paper, we present the Exo VM, a system in which an application is initialized in a fully featured virtual machine, and then the code, data, and virtual machine features necessary to execute it are packaged into a binary image. Key to this process is feature analysis, a technique for computing the reachable code and data of a Java program and its implementation inside the VM simultaneously. The Exo VM reduces the need to develop customized embedded virtual machines by reusing a single VM infrastructure and automatically eliding the implementation of unused Java features on a per-program basis. We present a constraint-based instantiation of the analysis technique, an implementation in IBM's J9 Java VM, experiments evaluating our technique for the EEMBC benchmark suite, and some discussion of the individual costs of some of Java's features. Our evaluation shows that our system can reduce the non-heap memory allocation of the virtual machine by as much as 75%. We discuss VM and language design decisions that our work shows are important in targeting embedded systems, supporting the long-term goal of a common VM infrastructure spanning from motes to large servers.

关键词： pre-initialization embedded systems persistence dead code elimination static compilation static analysis VM design VM modularity feature analysis

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An Exploration Methodology for a Customizable OpenCL Stereo-Matching Application Targeted to an Industrial Multi-Cluster Architecture 12

An Exploration Methodology for a Customizable OpenCL Stereo-...

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10th acm International conference on Hardware/Software-Codesign and System Synthesis

作者： Paone, Edoardo Palermo, Gianluca Zaccaria, Vittorio Silvano, Cristina Melpignano, Diego Haugou, Germain Lepley, Thierry Politecn Milan Dipartimento Elettron & Informaz I-20133 Milan Italy STMicroelectronics Grenoble France

ISBN: (纸本)9781450314268

Open Computing language (OpenCL) is emerging as a standard for parallel programming of heterogeneous hardware accelerators. With respect to device specific languages, OpenCL enables application portability but does not guarantee performance portability, eventually requiring additional tuning of the implementation to a specific platform or to unpredictable dynamic workloads. In this paper, we present a methodology to analyze the customization space of an OpenCL application in order to improve performance portability and to support dynamic adaptation. We formulate our case study by implementing an OpenCL image stereo-matching application (which computes the relative depth of objects from a pair of stereo images) customized to the STMicroelectronics Platform 2012 many-core computing fabric. In particular, we use design space exploration techniques to generate a set of operating points that represent specific configurations of the parameters allowing different trade-offs between performance and accuracy of the algorithm itself. These points give detailed knowledge about the interaction between the application parameters, the underlying architecture and the performance of the system;they could also be used by a run-time manager software layer to meet dynamic Quality-of-Service (QoS) constraints. To analyze the customization space, we use cycle-accurate simulations for the target architecture. Since the profiling phase of each configuration takes a long simulation time, we designed our methodology to reduce the overall number of simulations by exploiting some important features of the application parameters;our analysis also enables the identification of the parameters that could be explored on a high-level simulation model to reduce the simulation time. The resulting methodology is one order of magnitude more efficient than an exhaustive exploration and, given its randomized nature, it increases the probability to avoid sub-optimal trade-offs.

关键词： design Space Exploration OpenCL Runtime Monitoring

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Quantitative Network Monitoring with NetQRE 17

Quantitative Network Monitoring with NetQRE

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conference of the acm-Special-Interest-Group-on-Data-Communication (SIGCOMM)

作者： Yuan, Yifei Lin, Dong Mishra, Ankit Marwaha, Sajal Alur, Rajeev Loo, Boon Thau Univ Penn Philadelphia PA 19104 USA LinkedIn Inc Mountain View CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450346535

In network management today, dynamic updates are required for traffic engineering and for timely response to security threats. Decisions for such updates are based on monitoring network traffic to compute numerical quantities based on a variety of network and application-level performance metrics. Today's state-of-the-art tools lack programming abstractions that capture application or session-layer semantics, and thus require network operators to specify and reason about complex state machines and interactions across layers. To address this limitation, we present the design and implementation of NetQRE, a high-level declarative toolkit that aims to simplify the specification and implementation of such quantitative network policies. NetQRE integrates regular-expression-like pattern matching at flow-level as well as application-level payloads with aggregation operations such as sum and average counts. We describe a compiler for NetQRE that automatically generates an efficient implementation with low memory footprint. Our evaluation results demonstrate that NetQRE allows natural specification of a wide range of quantitative network tasks ranging from detecting security attacks to enforcing application-layer network management policies. NetQRE results in high performance that is comparable with optimized manually-written low-level code and is significantly more efficient than alternative solutions, and can provide timely enforcement of network policies that require quantitative network monitoring.

关键词： NetQRE network monitoring language quantitative regular expression

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design and verification of real-time systems 2

Design and verification of real-time systems

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2nd International conference on Software Engineering, ICSE 1976

作者： Phillips, Jorge V. Bredt, Thomas H. Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Stanford University United States Digitai Systems Laboratory Stanford University Hewlett-Packard Company United States

This paper presents a methodology for the design and verification of a class of real-time systems frequently encountered in applications of digital control. These methodologies are described in the form of a design and informal verification of a system used for navigation control of airborne vehicles. The high reliability standards required for such tasks suggest the use of fault-tolerant hardware and software. A design is presented for both an abstract version of the system running in an ideal environment and for a version running in a non-ideal fault-prone one. A specification language for real-time systems is developed as an extension of the programming language PASCAL, that provides for concise and clear system descriptions while preserving the degree of efficiency and portability needed to qualify as a practical high-level system implementation language. An informal verification of both designs is given. © 1976 IEEE Computer Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Real time systems

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proceedings of the International conference on APL, APL 1987

Proceedings of the International Conference on APL, APL 1987

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1987 International conference on APL, APL 1987

ISBN: (纸本)0897912268

The proceedings contain 65 papers. The topics discussed include: a three dimensional wire frame graphics system;on APL software for credibility theory;an object oriented extension to APL;system development methodology using LOGOS;control system development tools;techniques for extracting statistical data prom free-form text using APL;implementation of an APL-based spreadsheet manager;server networks communicating via inter-user shared variables;component file systems and the APL standard;APL2 implementations of unificatlon;managing APL public code for an in-house APL system (before and afterLOGOS);replicate each, anyone?;a full-screen front end for GRAPHPAK;FSM - a fullscreen manager;APL-to-ADA translator;screen management in the 'real world';why APL2: a discussion of design principles;an integrated microprogram development methodology based on APL;using the LOGOS programming environment a case history;solutions to logic problems in APL2;a second generation domino for statisticians;infinite loops and how to create them;a proposal for blocks and exits in APL;how graphics could be simplified in APL;recapturing the high ground use of APL in decision tree modelling;and investigation into the efficiency of using APL for the programming of an inference machine.

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The design and implementation of the control and integration software of a flexible manufacturing system

The design and implementation of the control and integration...

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proceedings of the First International conference on Systems Integration - ICSI '90

作者： Hadj-Alouane, Nejib Ben Chaar, Jarir K. Naylor, Arch W. Dept of Elec Eng & Comput Sci Univ of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA

ISBN: (纸本)0818690275

The concepts of a methodology for designing and implementing the control and integration software of computer-integrated manufacturing systems are presented. The goal of this methodology is to build flexible and reusable software. Software flexibility is obtained by decoupling the process plan models from the factory floor model and by designing generic control algorithms. Reusability is achieved by building self-contained software/hardware components with general, possibility parametrized, interfaces. These reusable components can be used to populate manufacturing software libraries. Off-the-shelf components can then be assembled into manufacturing systems. Moreover, the interplay between simulated and actual hardware internals of software/hardware components is used as the basis of a testing strategy that performs offline simulation followed by incremental online testing. The application of the methodology to the design and implementation of the control and integration software of a prismatic machining cell is reported. A highly efficient implementation of this software has been carried out in the Ada programming language and is fully operational.

关键词： Flexible Manufacturing Systems

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Fine-grained interoperability through mirrors and contracts

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acm sigplan NOTICES 2005年第10期40卷 231-245页

作者： Gray, KE Findler, RB Flatt, M Univ Utah Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA Univ Chicago Chicago IL 60637 USA

As a value flows across the boundary between interoperating languages, it must be checked and converted to fit the types and representations of the target language. For simple forms of data, the checks and coercions can be immediate, for higher order data, such as functions and objects. some must be delayed until the value is used in a particular way. Typically, these coercions and checks are implemented by an ad-hoc mixture of wrappers, reflection, and dynamic predicates. We observe that 1) the wrapper and reflection operations fit the profile of mirrors, 2) the checks correspond to contracts, and 3) the timing and shape of mirror operations coincide with the timing and shape of contract operations. Based on these insights, we present a new model of interoperability that builds on the ideas of mirrors and contracts, and we describe an interoperable implementation of Java and Scheme that is guided by the model.

关键词： languages design interoperability mirrors contracts Java Scheme

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CIAHelper: Towards Change Impact Analysis in Delta-Oriented Software Product Lines 18

CIAHelper: Towards Change Impact Analysis in Delta-Oriented ...

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22nd International Systems and Software Product Line conference (SPLC)

作者： Hamza, Mostafa Walker, Robert J. Elaasar, Maged Univ Calgary Dept Comp Sci Calgary AB Canada Carleton Univ Dept Syst & Comp Engn Ottawa ON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781450364645

Change is inevitable for software systems to deal with the evolving environment surrounding them, and applying changes requires careful design and implementation not to break existing functionalities. Evolution in software product lines (SPLs) is more complex compared to evolution for individual products: a change applied to a single feature might affect all the products in the whole product family. In this paper we present an approach for change impact analysis in delta-oriented programming (DOP), an existing language aimed at supporting SPLs. We propose the CIAHelper tool to identify dependencies within a DOP program, by analyzing the semantics of both the code artifacts and variability models to construct a directed dependency graph. We also consider how the source code history could be used to enhance the recall of detecting the affected artifacts given a change proposal. We evaluate our approach by means of five case studies on two different DOP SPLs.

关键词： Change impact analysis feature model variability model code assets delta-oriented programming

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proceedings of the 2022 6th International conference on Education and E-Learning, ICEEL 2022

Proceedings of the 2022 6th International Conference on Educ...

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6th International conference on Education and E-Learning, ICEEL 2022

ISBN: (纸本)9781450398428

The proceedings contain 45 papers. The topics discussed include: promoting a common testbed for natural deduction tutoring systems;integrating stand-alone new media technologies such as games and virtual and augmented reality software into learning management systems: integrating stand-alone media software into LMSs;simplifying the creation and maintenance of automated assessments of programming tasks via test specific language;CloudPES: cloud portal of educational services for higher education institutions in Nigeria;interface design guidelines for low literate users: a literature review;design and implementation of system of recognition of students’ learning behavior in classroom teaching videos;comparison of natural deduction theorem provers used in electronic tutoring systems;innovative learning and training approach in business – a systematic business games and literature review;and factors affecting grade eight students’ learning motivation in Chinese reading when learning with flipped classroom approach.

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