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检索条件"任意字段=Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN 1991 conference on Programming language design and implementation"

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Analysis and design of latch-controlled synchronous digital circuits 90

Analysis and design of latch-controlled synchronous digital ...

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proceedings of the 27th acm/IEEE design Automation conference

作者： Karem A. Sakallah Trevor N. Mudge Oyekunle A. Olukotun Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI

ISBN: (纸本)9780897913638

We present a succinct formulation of the timing constraints for latch-controlled synchronous digital circuits. We show that the constraints are mildly nonlinear, and prove the equivalence of the nonlinear optimal cycle time calculation problem to an associated and simpler linear programming (LP) problem. We present an LP-based algorithm which is guaranteed to obtain the optimal cycle time for arbitrary circuits controlled by a general class of multi-phase overlapped clocks. We illustrate the formulation and an initial implementation of the algorithm on some example circuits.

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Exploiting parallelism in the implementation of AGNA, a persistent programming system

Exploiting parallelism in the implementation of AGNA, a pers...

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International conference on Data Engineering

作者： R.S. Nikhil M.L. Heytens MIT Laboratory for Computer Science Cambridge MA USA Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA

A design for AGNA, a persistent object system that utilizes parallelism in a fundamental way to enhance performance, is presented. The underlying thesis is that fine-grained parallelism is essential for achieving scalable performance on parallel multiple instruction/multiple data (MIMD) machines. This, in turn, implies a data-driven model of computation for efficiency. The complete design based on these principles starts with a declarative source language because such languages reveal the most fine-grained parallelism. It is described how transactions are compiled into an abstract, fine-grained parallel machine called P-RISC. The P-RISC virtual heap is implemented in the memory and disk of a parallel machine in such a way that paging is overlapped with useful computation. The current implementation status is described, some preliminary performance results are reported and the approach presented is compared to several recent parallel database system projects.< >

关键词： Parallel programming Parallel processing Database systems Computer languages Concurrent computing Data structures Laboratories Computer science Computational modeling Power engineering computing

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Use object-oriented paradigm to design and implement an algorithm for object-oriented class-level testing

Use object-oriented paradigm to design and implement an algo...

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IEEE International conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： Yu Xia Sun Huo Yan Chen Department of Computer Science Jinan University Guangzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)0780379527

One of the means to enhance software reliability and quality is testing. The testing for object-oriented software is more complex and difficult than that for traditional programming. For object-oriented class-level and cluster-level testing, we proposed a significant methodology TACLLE which has been published in acm Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology (vol.7., no.3, p.250-95, 1998; vol.10, no.1, p.56-109, 2001). This methodology includes an important algorithm named DOE to determine whether two objects are observational equivalent or not. This paper presents the design and implementation for a new prototype of DOE using object-oriented paradigm. The new prototype is based on UML model. It is improved on the technique, and optimized in the system interface.

关键词： Algorithm design and analysis Software testing Clustering algorithms US Department of Energy Software prototyping Prototypes Software reliability Object oriented programming Software engineering Unified modeling language

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Object versioning in Ode

Object versioning in Ode

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International conference on Data Engineering

作者： R. Agrawal S. Buroff N. Gehani D. Shasha IBM Almaden Research Center San Jose CA USA AT and T Bell Laboratories Inc. NJ USA New York University New York NY USA

In designing the versioning facility in Ode, a few but semantically sound and powerful concepts are introduced that allow implementation of a wide variety of paradigms. Some of the salient features of these versioning facilities are the following: (1) object versioning is orthogonal to type; (2) reference to an object can be bound statically to a specific version of the object or dynamically to whatever is its latest version; and (3) both temporal as well as derived-from relationships between versions of an object are maintained automatically. These facilities have been incorporated seamlessly into Ode's database programming language, O++. The new language constructs are powerful enough to make O++ a suitable platform for implementing a variety of versioning paradigms and application-specific systems.< >

关键词： Object oriented databases Database systems Object oriented modeling design automation Computer languages Application software Power system modeling Data models Object oriented programming Organizing

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A generational on-the-fly garbage collector for Java 00

A generational on-the-fly garbage collector for Java

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proceedings of the acm sigplan 2000 conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Tamar Domani Elliot K. Kolodner Erez Petrank IBM Haifa Research Lab. Computer Science Dept. Technion - Israel Institute of Technology

ISBN: (纸本)9781581131994

An on-the-fly garbage collector does not stop the program threads to perform the collection. Instead, the collector executes in a separate thread (or process) in parallel to the program. On-the-fly collectors are useful for multi-threaded applications running on multiprocessor servers, where it is important to fully utilize all processors and provide even response time, especially for systems for which stopping the threads is a costly operation. In this work, we report on the incorporation of generations into an on-the-fly garbage collector. The incorporation is non-trivial since an on-the-fly collector avoids explicit synchronization with the program threads. To the best of our knowledge, such an incorporation has not been tried before. We have implemented the collector for a prototype Java Virtual Machine on AIX, and measured its performance on a 4-way *** for other generational collectors, an on-the-fly generationalcollector has the potential for reducing the overall running time and working set of an application by concentrating collection efforts on the young objects. However, in contrast to other generational collectors,on-the-fly collectors do not move the objects; thus, there is no segregation between the old and the young objects. Furthermore, on-the-fly collectors do not stop the threads, so there is no extra benefit for the short pauses obtained by generational collection. Nevertheless, comparing our on-the-fly collector with and without generations, it turns out that the generational collector performs better for most applications. The best reduction in overall running time for the benchmarks we measured was 25%. However, there were some benchmarks for which it had no effect and one for which the overall running time increased by 4%.

关键词： memory management generational garbage collection programming languages garbage collection

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Structured programming: From theory to practice 76

Structured Programming: From theory to practice

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proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Software engineering

作者： John C. Carrow

One of the more controversial topics to appear within the field of Computer Science has been the theory of Structured programming and the specific tools and techniques associated with this generic title. With respect to this topic, it is the intent of this paper to provide a documented history of the research, prototyping and deliberate implementation of the Structured programming Technology within the United States Army Computer Systems Command. Structured programming as used within the context of this paper involves the concepts of structured code, top down development, walkthrus, program design language, design and documentation tools, program support library and a programming team. The USACSC experience is viewed as not just another case study but rather an organizational change impacting a large number (500 COBOL programmers) of personnel, standards, and normal operating *** of the more intriguing topics to appear within the field of Computer Science has been the theory of Structured programming and the specific tools and techniques associated with this generic title. After several years of discussion, pilot projects, technical articles and more discussions, the basic questions remain: What does the technology buy you? What does it cost you? How does one implement the technology on a large scale in a software production shop?With respect to these questions, and many others that the Software community shares regarding Structured programming, it is the intent of this paper to provide a documented history of the research, prototyping and deliberate implementation of the Structured programming Technology within the United States Army Computer Systems Command (USACSC).

关键词： Functional decomposition

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Java-through-C compilation: an enabling technology for Java in embedded systems 04

Java-through-C compilation: an enabling technology for Java ...

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design, Automation and Test in Europe conference and Exhibition

作者： A. Varma S.S. Bhattacharyya University of Maryland College Park USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769520858

The Java programming language is acheiving greater acceptance in high-end embedded systems such as cellphones and PDAs. However, current embedded implementations of Java impose tight constraints on functionality, while requiring significant storage space. In addition, they require that a JVM be ported to each such platform. We demonstrate the first Java-to-C compilation strategy that is suitable for a wide range of embedded systems, thereby enabling broad use of Java on embedded platforms. This strategy removes many of the constraints on functionality and reduces code size without sacrificing performance. The compilation framework described is easily retargetable, and is also applicable to bare-bones embedded systems with no operating system or JVM. On an average, we found the size of the generated executables to be over 25 times smaller than those generated by a cutting-edge Java-to-native-code compiler, while providing performance comparable to the best of various Java implementation strategies.

关键词： Java Embedded system Yarn Libraries Data structures Educational institutions design automation Automatic testing System testing Europe

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design via executable specification

Design via executable specification

引用

IEEE Pacific Rim conference on Communications, Computers and Signal Processing

作者： M.H.M. Cheng Department of Computer Science University of Victoria Victoria BC Canada

A description is presented of two approaches to the design of a simple string matching machine: a direct approach and a transformational approach. In the latter approach, Horn clause logic is chosen as the specification language. It has the advantage that the specifications themselves are executable as logic programs: hence they can be used as prototype implementations. The simple formal semantics of Horn clause logic allows one to perform equivalence-preserving transformations semi-automatically on the specifications to derive more 'efficient' ones. When using the specifications as executable prototypes, immediate feedback is gained on the design specifications. Any errors uncovered from these executable prototypes relate directly to the designs themselves. Thus, the risk of introducing unintended errors in a prototype implementation, such as careless coding errors, translation errors caused by misunderstanding, etc., is reduced.< >

关键词： Logic programming Prototypes Digital circuits Logic design Logic circuits Process design Specification languages Computer science Computer errors Feedback

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High Performance Computing with the Array Package for Java: A Case Study using Data Mining

High Performance Computing with the Array Package for Java: ...

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Supercomputing conference

作者： J. Moreira S. Midkiff M. Gupta R. Lawrence IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center Yorktown Heights NY USA

This paper discusses several techniques used in developing a parallel, production quality data mining application in Java. We started by developing three sequential versions of a product recommendation data mining application: (i) a Fortran 90 version used as a performance reference, (ii) a plain Java implementation that only uses the primitive array structures from the language, and (iii) a baseline Java implementation that uses our Array package for Java. This Array package provides parallelism at the level of individual Array and BLAS operations. Using this Array package, we also developed two parallel Java versions of the data mining application: one that relies entirely on the implicit parallelism provided by the Array package, and another that is explicitly parallel at the application level. We discuss the design of the Array package, as well as the design of the data mining application. We compare the trade-offs between performance and the abstraction level the different Java versions present to the application programmer. Our studies show that, although a plain Java implementation performs poorly, the Java implementation with the Array package is quite competitive in performance with Fortran. We achieve a single processor performance of 109 Mflops, or 91% of Fortran performance, on a 332 MHz PowerPC 604e processor. Both the implicitly and explicitly parallel forms of our Java implementations also parallelize well. On an SMP with four of those PowerPC processors, the implicitly parallel form achieves 290 Mflops with no effort from the application programmer, while the explicitly parallel form achieves 340 Mflops.

关键词： High performance computing Packaging Java Computer aided software engineering Data mining Production Parallel processing programming profession Image processing Computer crime

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Load-reuse analysis: design and evaluation 99

Load-reuse analysis: design and evaluation

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proceedings of the acm sigplan 1999 conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Rastislav Bodík Rajiv Gupta Mary Lou Soffa Dept. of Computer Science University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA

ISBN: (纸本)9781581130942

Load-reuse analysis finds instructions that repeatedly access the same memory location. This location can be promoted to a register, eliminating redundant loads by reusing the results of prior memory accesses. This paper develops a load-reuse analysis and designs a method for evaluating its *** designing the analysis, we aspire for completeness---the goal of exposing all reuse that can be harvested by a subsequent program transformation. For register promotion, a suitable transformation is partial redundancy elimination (PRE). To approach the ideal goal of PRE-completeness, the load-reuse analysis is phrased as a data-flow problem on a program representation that is path-sensitive, as it detects reuse even when it originates in a different instruction along each control flow path. Furthermore, the analysis is comprehensive, as it treats scalar, array and pointer-based loads *** evaluating the analysis, we compare it with an ideal analysis. By observing the run-time stream of memory references, we collect all PRE-exploitable reuse and treat it as the ideal analysis performance. To compare the (static) load-reuse analysis with the (dynamic) ideal reuse, we use an estimator algorithm that computes, given a data-flow solution and a program profile, the dynamic amount of reuse detected by the analysis. We developed a family of estimators that differ in how well they bound the profiling error inherent in the edge profile. By bounding the error, the estimators offer a precise and practical method for determining the run-time optimization *** experiments show that about 55% of loads executed in Spec95 exhibit reuse. Of those, our analysis exposes about 80%.

关键词： register promotion program representations data-flow analysis profile-guided optimizations

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