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Implicit Invocation Meets Safe, Implicit Concurrency

acm sigplan NOTICES 2011年第2期46卷 63-72页

作者： Long, Yuheng Mooney, Sean L. Sondag, Tyler Rajan, Hridesh Iowa State Univ Dept Comp Sci Ames IA 50011 USA

Writing correct and efficient concurrent programs still remains a challenge. Explicit concurrency is difficult, error prone, and creates code which is hard to maintain and debug. This type of concurrency also treats modular program design and concurrency as separate goals, where modularity often suffers. To solve these problems, we are designing a new language that we call Panini. In this paper, we focus on Panini's asynchronous, typed events which reconcile the modularity goal promoted by the implicit invocation design style with the concurrency goal of exposing potential concurrency between the execution of subjects and observers. Since modularity is improved and concurrency is implicit in Panini, programs are easier to reason about and maintain. The language incorporates a static analysis to determine potential conflicts between handlers and a dynamic analysis which uses the conflict information to determine a safe order for handler invocation. This mechanism avoids races and deadlocks entirely, yielding programs with a guaranteed deterministic semantics. To evaluate our language design and implementation we show several examples of its usage as well as an empirical study of program performance. We found that not only is developing and understanding Panini programs significantly easier compared to standard concurrent object-oriented programs, but also performance of Panini programs is comparable to their equivalent hand-tuned versions written using Java's fork-join framework.

关键词： languages design Performance Safe Implicit Concurrency Modularity

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proceedings of the acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI): Message from the chairs

Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Lan...

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proceedings of the acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI) 2009年 iii-iv页

作者： Hind, Michael Diwan, Amer IBM Research University of Colorado Boulder United States

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Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) Concepts and implementations 11

Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) Concepts and Implementat...

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acm International conference on Ada and Related Technologies

作者： Ricky E. Sward Jeff Boleng The MITRE Corporation 1155 Academy Park Loop Colorado Springs CO 80910 US Air Force Academy 2354 Fairchild Drive USAF Academy CO 80840

ISBN: (纸本)9781450314008

This tutorial explains how to implement a Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) for reliable systems using Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) technologies. The first half of the tutorial describes terms of Service-Oriented Architectures (SOA) including service, service registry, service provider, service consumer, Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP), Representational State Transfer (REST), and Web Service Description language (WSDL). Several examples of REST and SOAP web services are provided using the Ada Web Server (AWS). This tutorial also presents principles of SOA including loose coupling, encapsulation, composibility of web services, and statelessness of web services. The tutorial covers the benefits of SOA and organizations that are supporting SOA infrastructure. The second half of the tutorial covers Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) technologies including definitions, capabilities, benefits and drawbacks. The tutorial discusses the difference between SOA and an ESB, as well as some of the commercially available ESB solutions on the market. The Mule ESB is explored in more detail and several examples are given. Several examples of using an ESB in a SOA application are given using AWS as an Ada implementation. An AWS server is built in the examples and connected to the ESB providing REST and SOAP web services. AWS allows the developer to expose services in a high-integrity system using the Ada and SPARK programming languages. This tutorial is slightly different than the one given at Ada Europe 2008 in that it will focus more on the application of SOA and ESB technology to reliable, high-integrity systems. All tutorial material will be provided to attendees and the opportunity for hands-on participation in examples will be possible.

关键词： algorithms design languages Service-oriented architecture Semiconductor Optical Amplifier ESB Web Service Tutorials ADA (programming language) JAG1 gene Soaps

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Mint: Java Multi-stage programming Using Weak Separability 10

Mint: Java Multi-stage Programming Using Weak Separability

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acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Westbrook, Edwin Ricken, Mathias Inoue, Jun Yao, Yilong Abdelatif, Tamer Taha, Walid Rice Univ Houston TX 77251 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450300193

Multi-stage programming (MSP) provides a disciplined approach to run-time code generation. In the purely functional setting, it has been shown how MSP can be used to reduce the overhead of abstractions, allowing clean, maintainable code without paying performance penalties. Unfortunately, MSP is difficult to combine with imperative features, which are prevalent in mainstream languages. The central difficulty is scope extrusion, wherein free variables can inadvertently be moved outside the scopes of their binders. This paper proposes a new approach to combining MSP with imperative features that occupies a "sweet spot" in the design space in terms of how well useful MSP applications can be expressed and how easy it is for programmers to understand. The key insight is that escapes (or "anti-quotes") must be weakly separable from the rest of the code, i.e. the computational effects occurring inside an escape that are visible outside the escape are guaranteed to not contain code. To demonstrate the feasibility of this approach, we formalize a type system based on Lightweight Java which we prove sound, and we also provide an implementation, called Mint, to validate both the expressivity of the type system and the effect of staging on the performance of Java programs.

关键词： languages Multi-staged languages Multi-stage programming Type systems Java

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Bamboo: A Data-Centric, Object-Oriented Approach to Many-core Software 10

Bamboo: A Data-Centric, Object-Oriented Approach to Many-cor...

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acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Zhou, Jin Demsky, Brian Univ Calif Irvine Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Irvine CA 92697 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450300193

Traditional data-oriented programming languages such as dataflow languages and stream languages provide a natural abstraction for parallel programming. In these languages, a developer focuses on the flow of data through the computation and these systems free the developer from the complexities of low-level, thread-oriented concurrency primitives. This simplification comes at a cost traditional data-oriented approaches restrict the mutation of state and, in practice, the types of data structures a program can effectively use. Bamboo borrows from work in typestate and software transactions to relax the traditional restrictions of data-oriented programming models to support mutation of arbitrary data structures. We have implemented a compiler for Bamboo which generates code for the TILEPro64 many-core processor. We have evaluated this implementation on six benchmarks: Tracking, a feature tracking algorithm from computer vision;KMeans, a K-means clustering algorithm;Monte Carlo, a Monte Carlo simulation;Filter Bank, a multi-channel filter bank;Fractal, a Mandelbrot set computation;and Series, a Fourier series computation. We found that our compiler generated implementations that obtained speedups ranging from 26.2 x to 61.6 x when executed on 62 cores.

关键词： Many-core programming Data-Centric languages

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Type-preserving Compilation for End-to-end Verification of Security Enforcement

Type-preserving Compilation for End-to-end Verification of S...

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acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Chen, Juan Chugh, Ravi Swamy, Nikhil Microsoft Research United States University of California San Diego United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450300193

A number of programming languages use rich type systems to verify security properties of code. Some of these languages are meant for source programming, but programs written in these languages are compiled without explicit security proofs, limiting their utility in settings where proofs are necessary, e.g., proof-carrying authorization. Others languages do include explicit proofs, but these are generally lambda calculi not intended for source programming, that must be further compiled to an executable form. A language suitable for source programming backed by a compiler that enables end-to-end verification is missing. In this paper, we present a type-preserving compiler that translates programs written in FINE, a source-level functional language with dependent refinements and affine types, to DCIL, a new extension of the .NET Common Intermediate language. FINE is type checked using an external SMT solver to reduce the proof burden on source programmers. We extract explicit LCF-style proof terms from the solver and carry these proof terms in the compilation to DCIL, thereby removing the solver from the trusted computing base. Explicit proofs enable DCIL to be used in a number of important scenarios, including the verification of mobile code, proof-carrying authorization, and evidence-based auditing. We report on our experience using FINE to build reference monitors for several applications, ranging from a plugin-based email client to a conference management server.

关键词： Security type systems dependent types bytecode languages functional programming authorization information flow mobile code security compilers

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Concurrent Orchestration in Haskell

Concurrent Orchestration in Haskell

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3rd acm Haskell Symposium on Haskell

作者： Launchbury, John Elliott, Trevor Galois Inc. Portland OR United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450302524

We present a concurrent scripting language embedded in Haskell, emulating the functionality of the Orc orchestration language by providing many-valued (real) non-determinism in the context of concurrent effects. We provide many examples of its use, as well as a brief description of how we use the embedded Ore DSL in practice. We describe the abstraction layers of the implementation, and use the fact that we have a layered approach to demonstrate algebraic properties satisfied by the combinators.

关键词： design languages Concurrency Haskell Orc DSL Monad

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VeriML: Typed Computation of Logical Terms inside a language with Effects 10

VeriML: Typed Computation of Logical Terms inside a Language...

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15th acm sigplan International conference on Functional programming

作者： Stampoulis, Antonis Shao, Zhong Yale Univ Dept Comp Sci New Haven CT 06520 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781605587943

Modern proof assistants such as Coq and Isabelle provide high degrees of expressiveness and assurance because they support formal reasoning in higher-order logic and supply explicit machine-checkable proof objects. Unfortunately, large scale proof development in these proof assistants is still an extremely difficult and time-consuming task. One major weakness of these proof assistants is the lack of a single language where users can develop complex tactics and decision procedures using a rich programming model and in a typeful manner. This limits the scalability of the proof development process, as users avoid developing domain-specific tactics and decision procedures. In this paper, we present VeriML-a novel language design that couples a type-safe effectful computational language with first-class support for manipulating logical terms such as propositions and proofs. The main idea behind our design is to integrate a rich logical framework-similar to the one supported by Coq-inside a computational language inspired by ML. The language design is such that the added features are orthogonal to the rest of the computational language, and also do not require significant additions to the logic language, so soundness is guaranteed. We have built a prototype implementation of VeriML including both its type-checker and an interpreter. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our design by showing a number of type-safe tactics and decision procedures written in VeriML.

关键词： proof assistants type theory dependent types logical frameworks

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GUESSTIMATE: A programming Model for Collaborative Distributed Systems 10

GUESSTIMATE: A Programming Model for Collaborative Distribut...

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acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Rajan, Kaushik Rajamani, Sriram Yaduvanshi, Shashank Microsoft Research bangalore India Microsoft Research Bangalore India Indian Institute of Technology Delhi India

ISBN: (纸本)9781450300193

We present a new programming model GUESSTIMATE for developing collaborative distributed systems. The model allows atomic, isolated operations that transform a system from consistent state to consistent state, and provides a shared transactional store for a collection of such operations executed by various machines in a distributed system. In addition to "committed state" which is identical in all machines in the distributed system, GUESSTIMATE allows each machine to have a replicated local copy of the state (called "guesstimated state") so that operations on shared state can be executed locally without any blocking, while also guaranteeing that eventually all machines agree on the sequences of operations executed. Thus, each operation is executed multiple times, once at the time of issue when it updates the guesstimated state of the issuing machine, once when the operation is committed (atomically) to the committed state of all machines, and several times in between as the guesstimated state converges toward the committed state. While we expect the results of these executions of the operation to be identical most of the time in the class of applications we study, it is possible for an operation to succeed the first time when it is executed on the guesstimated state, and fail when it is committed. GUESSTIMATE provides facilities that allow the programmer to deal with this potential discrepancy. This paper presents our programming model, its operational semantics, its realization as an API in C#, and our experience building collaborative distributed applications with this model.

关键词： Distributed systems collaborative applications concurrency language extensions

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FlumeJava: Easy, Efficient Data-Parallel Pipelines 10

FlumeJava: Easy, Efficient Data-Parallel Pipelines

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acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Chambers, Craig Raniwala, Ashish Perry, Frances Adams, Stephen Henry, Robert R. Bradshaw, Robert Weizenbaum, Nathan Google Seattle WA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450300193

MapReduce and similar systems significantly ease the task of writing data-parallel code. However, many real-world computations require a pipeline of Map Reduces, and programming and managing such pipelines can be difficult. We present Flume Java, a Java library that makes it easy to develop, test, and run efficient data-parallel pipelines. At the core of the Flume Java library are a couple of classes that represent immutable parallel collections, each supporting a modest number of operations for processing them in parallel. Parallel collections and their operations present a simple, high-level, uniform abstraction over different data representations and execution strategies. To enable parallel operations to run efficiently, Flume Java defers their evaluation, instead internally constructing an execution plan dataflow graph. When the final results of the parallel operations are eventually needed, Flume Java first optimizes the execution plan, and then executes the optimized operations on appropriate underlying primitives (e.g., Map Reduces). The combination of high-level abstractions for parallel data and computation, deferred evaluation and optimization, and efficient parallel primitives yields an easy-to-use system that approaches the efficiency of hand-optimized pipelines. Flume Java is in active use by hundreds of pipeline developers within Google.

关键词： data-parallel programming MapReduce Java

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