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The GNAT implementation of controlled types

The GNAT implementation of controlled types

International conference on TRI-Ada 1995: Ada's Role in Global Markets: Solutions for a Changing Complex World, TRI-Ada 1995

作者： Comar, Cyrille Dismukes, Gary Gasperoni, Franco Ada Core Technologies 73 Fifth Avenue New YorkNY10003 United States Ada Core Technologies 10397 Avenida Magnifica San DiegoCA92131 United States Telecom Paris-ENST Dep. INF 46 rue Barrault Paris Cedex 1375634 France

ISBN: (纸本)0897917057

This paper discusses the implementation model for supporting Ada 95 controlled types in the GNAT compiler [1]. After reviewing the semantics of controlled types, we outline the associated implementation problems and describe their solution in GNAT. The design addresses the management of controlled operations on various entities, including dynamically allocated objects, transient objects (function results and aggregates), and composite objects containing controlled components. The interaction of the controlled type features with exceptions is also covered. Finally, we discuss alternative implementation approaches and possible enhancements to the current model. © 1995 acm.

关键词： Aggregates

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Thread-modular shape analysis

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acm sigplan NOTICES 2007年第6期42卷 266-277页

作者： Gotsman, Alexey Berdine, Josh Cook, Byron Sagiv, Mooly Univ Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1TN England Microsoft Corp Redmond WA 98052 USA

We present the first shape analysis for multithreaded programs that avoids the explicit enumeration of execution-interleavings. Our approach is to automatically infer a resource invariant associated with each lock that describes the part of the heap protected by the lock. This allows us to use a sequential shape analysis on each thread. We show that resource invariants of a certain class can be characterized as least fixed points and computed via repeated applications of shape analysis only on each individual thread. Based on this approach, we have implemented a thread-modular shape analysis tool and applied it to concurrent heap-manipulating code from Windows device drivers.

关键词： abstract interpretation concurrent programming shape analysis static analysis

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It''s Alive! Continuous Feedback in UI programming 13

It''s Alive! Continuous Feedback in UI Programming

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acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Sebastian Burckhardt Peli de Halleux Michal Moskal Manuel Fahndrich Sean McDirmid Nikolai Tillmann Jun Kato Microsoft Research The University of Tokyo

ISBN: (纸本)9781450320146

Live programming allows programmers to edit the code of a running program and immediately see the effect of the code changes. This tightening of the traditional edit-compile-run cycle reduces the cognitive gap between program code and execution, improving the learning experience of beginning programmers while boosting the productivity of seasoned ones. Unfortunately, live programming is difficult to realize in practice as imperative languages lack well-defined abstraction boundaries that make live programming responsive or its feedback comprehensible. This paper enables live programming for user interface programming by cleanly separating the rendering and non-rendering aspects of a UI program, allowing the display to be refreshed on a code change without restarting the program. A type and effect system formalizes this separation and provides an evaluation model that incorporates the code update step. By putting live programming on a more formal footing, we hope to enable critical and technical discussion of live programming systems.

关键词： Live programming Graphical User Interface languages Human Factors

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Automatic generation of DAG parallelism

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sigplan Notices (acm Special Interest Group on programming languages) 1989年第7期24卷 54-68页

作者： Cytron, Ron Hind, Michael Hsieh, Wilson IBM T.J. Watson Research Cent United States

We present an algorithm for automatically generating a nested, fork-join parallel program from a sequential program represented in terms of control and data dependences. This algorithm embodies two techniques for dealing with data dependences: the first implicitly satisfies such dependences by reducing parallelism, and the second eliminates some dependences by introducing private variables. This algorithm has been implemented in the PTRAN system.

关键词： Computer programming languages

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design OF A FLEXIBLE DISTRIBUTED TESTBED FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS.

DESIGN OF A FLEXIBLE DISTRIBUTED TESTBED FOR COMMUNICATION S...

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proceedings of the Twenty-First Annual Hawaii International conference on System Sciences. Volume II: Software Track.

作者： Thoet, William Hauser, James Baker, Dennis Jaycor Jaycor

ISBN: (纸本)0818608420

The structure and design of a simulation testbed for communication systems are described. The testbed, which is called the Distributed Simulation and Prototyping Testbed (DSPT), models the physical-layer activities of communication networks with a design that facilitates the addition of higher-layer protocols either as part of the simulation program itself or as prototype software that can execute concurrently with the simulation on a separate machine. As is typical of R&D systems, the DSPT requirements have evolved with the projects that it supports. The author shows some of the benefits of developing software using the object-oriented methodology in the dynamic R&D environment. The design involved extensions to the Simula programming language, which were easily implemented using Simula's class inheritance capability. The author explores these extensions and discusses further needs of the Simula language that appeared during the implementation of the DPST.

关键词： TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

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Reconciling Exhaustive Pattern Matching with Objects 13

Reconciling Exhaustive Pattern Matching with Objects

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acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Chinawat Isradisaikul Andrew C. Myers Department of Computer Science Cornell University

ISBN: (纸本)9781450320146

Pattern matching, an important feature of functional languages, is in conflict with data abstraction and extensibility, which are central to object-oriented languages. Modal abstraction offers an integration of deep pattern matching and convenient iteration abstractions into an object-oriented setting; however, because of data abstraction, it is challenging for a compiler to statically verify properties such as exhaustiveness. In this work, we extend modal abstraction in the JMatch language to support static, modular reasoning about exhaustiveness and redundancy. New matching specifications allow these properties to be checked using an SMT solver. We also introduce expressive pattern-matching constructs. Our evaluation shows that these new features enable more concise code and that the performance of checking exhaustiveness and redundancy is acceptable.

关键词： JMatch Pattern matching Named constructor Equality constructor Matching specification Exhaustiveness Redundancy Modal abstraction Java Data abstraction Subtyping design Verification languages

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The JastAdd Extensible Java Compiler

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acm sigplan NOTICES 2007年第10期42卷 1-17页

作者： Ekman, Torbjorn Hedin, Gorel Univ Oxford Programming Tools Grp Oxford England Lund Univ Dept Comp Sci S-22100 Lund Sweden

The JastAdd Extensible Java Compiler is a high quality Java compiler that is easy to extend in order to build static analysis tools for Java, and to extend Java with new language constructs. It is built modularly, with a Java 1.4 compiler that is extended to a Java 5 compiler. Example applications that are built as extensions include an alternative backend that generates Jimple, an extension of Java with AspectJ constructs, and the implementation of a pluggable type system for non-null checking and inference. The system is implemented using JastAdd, a declarative Java-like language. We describe the compiler architecture, the major design ideas for building and extending the compiler, in particular, for dealing with complex extensions that affect name and type analysis. Our extensible compiler compares very favorably concerning quality, speed and size with other extensible Java compiler frameworks. It also compares favorably in quality and size compared with traditional non-extensible Java compilers, and it runs within a factor of three compared to javac.

关键词： design languages OOP compilers extensibility declarative frameworks modularity Java

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The CODE 2.0 graphical parallel programming language 92

The CODE 2.0 graphical parallel programming language

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6th International conference on Supercomputing, ICS 1992

作者： Newton, Peter Browne, James C. Department of Computer Sciences University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0897914856

CODE 2.0 is a graphical parallel programming system that targets the three goals of ease of use, portability, and production of efficient parallel code. Ease of use is provided by an integrated graphical/textual interface, a powerful dynamic model of parallel computation, and an integrated concept of program component reuse. Portability is approached by the declarative expression of synchronization and communication operators at a high level of abstraction in a manner which cleanly separates overall computation structure from the primitive sequential computations that make up a program. Execution efficiency is approached through a systematic class hierarchy that supports hierarchical translation refinement including special case recognition. This paper reports results obtained through experimental use of a prototype implementation of the CODE 2.0 system. CODE 2.0 represents a major conceptual advance over its predecessor systems (CODE 1.0 and CODE 1.2) in terms of the expressive power of the model of computation which is implemented and in potential for attaining efficiency across a wide spectrum of parallel architectures through the use of class hierarchies as a means of mapping from logical to executable program representations. © 1992 acm.

关键词： Efficiency

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Automated Feedback Generation for Introductory programming Assignments 13

Automated Feedback Generation for Introductory Programming A...

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acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Rishabh Singh Sumit Gulwani Armando Solar-Lezama MIT CSAIL Microsoft Research

ISBN: (纸本)9781450320146

We present a new method for automatically providing feedback for introductory programming problems. In order to use this method, we need a reference implementation of the assignment, and an error model consisting of potential corrections to errors that students might make. Using this information, the system automatically derives minimal corrections to student's incorrect solutions, providing them with a measure of exactly how incorrect a given solution was, as well as feedback about what they did wrong. We introduce a simple language for describing error models in terms of correction rules, and formally define a rule-directed translation strategy that reduces the problem of finding minimal corrections in an incorrect program to the problem of synthesizing a correct program from a sketch. We have evaluated our system on thousands of real student attempts obtained from the Introduction to programming course at MIT (6.00) and MITx (6.00x). Our results show that relatively simple error models can correct on average 64% of all incorrect submissions in our benchmark set.

关键词： Automated Grading Computer-Aided Education Program Synthesis error model computer-assisted education Feedback programming Students AUTOMATIC

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Java™ on the bare metal of wireless sensor devices the squawk java virtual machine

Java™ on the bare metal of wireless sensor devices the squa...

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VEE 2006 - 2nd International conference on Virtual Execution Environments

作者： Simon, Doug Cifuentes, Cristina Cleal, Dave Daniels, John White, Derek Sun Microsystems Laboratories 16 Network Drive Menlo Park CA 94025 United States Sun Microsystems Laboratories Level 10 80 Albert Street Brisbane QLD 4000 Australia Syntropy Limited 2 Stambourne Way West Wickham Kent BR4 9NF United Kingdom Sun Microsystems Laboratories One Network Drive Burlington MA 01803 United States

The Squawk virtual machine is a small Java™ virtual machine (VM) written mostly in Java that runs without an operating system on a wireless sensor platform. Squawk translates standard class file into an internal pre-linked, position independent format that is compact and allows for efficient execution of bytecodes that have been placed into a read-only memory. In addition, Squawk implements an application isolation mechanism whereby applications are represented as object and are therefore treated as first class objects (i.e., they can be reified): Application isolation also enables Squawk to run multiple applications at once with all immutable state being shared between the applications. Mutable state is not shared. The combination of these features reduce the memory footprint of the VM, making it ideal for deployment on small devices. Squawk provides a wireless API that allows developers to write applications for wireless sensor networks (WSNs), this API is an extension of the generic connection framework (GCF). Authentication of deployed files on the wireless device and migration of applications between devices is also performed by the VM. This paper describes the design and implementation of the Squawk VM as applied to the Sun™ Small Programmable Object Technology (SPOT) wireless device;a device developed at Sun Microsystems Laboratories for experimentation with wireless sensor and actuator applications.

关键词： Java programming language

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