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proceedings of the acm sigplan '90 conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Debray, Saumya K. Lin, Nai-Wei Hermenegildo, Manuel Univ of Arizona Tucson United States

ISBN: (纸本)0897913647

While logic programming languages offer a great deal of scope for parallelism, there is usually some overhead associated with the execution of goals in parallel because of the work involved in task creation and scheduling. In practice, therefore, the 'granularity' of a goal, i.e. an estimate of the work available under it, should be taken into account when deciding whether or not to execute a goal concurrently as a separate task. This paper describes a method for estimating the granularity of a goal at compile time. The runtime overhead associated with our approach is usually quite small, and the performance improvements resulting from the incorporation of grainsize control can be quite good. This is shown by means of experimental results.

关键词： Computer programming

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GreenWeb: language Extensions for Energy-Efficient Mobile Web Computing 16

GreenWeb: Language Extensions for Energy-Efficient Mobile We...

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37th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Zhu, Yuhao Reddi, Vijay Janapa Univ Texas Austin Dept Elect & Comp Engn Austin TX 78712 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450342612

Web computing is gradually shifting toward mobile devices, in which the energy budget is severely constrained. As a result, Web developers must be conscious of energy efficiency. However, current Web languages provide developers little control over energy consumption. In this paper, we take a first step toward language-level research to enable energy-efficient Web computing. Our key motivation is that mobile systems can wisely budget energy usage if informed with user quality-of-service (QoS) constraints. To do this, programmers need new abstractions. We propose two language abstractions, QoS type and QoS target, to capture two fundamental aspects of user QoS experience. We then present Green Web, a set of language extensions that empower developers to easily express the QoS abstractions as program annotations. As a proof of concept, we develop a GreenWeb runtime, which intelligently determines how to deliver specified user QoS expectation while minimizing energy consumption. Overall, GreenWeb shows significant energy savings (29.2% similar to 66.0%) over Android's default Interactive governor with few QoS violations. Our work demonstrates a promising first step toward language innovations for energy-efficient Web computing.

关键词： Energy-efficiency Web Mobile computing

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RaTrace: Simple and Efficient Abstractions for BVH Ray Traversal Algorithms 2017

RaTrace: Simple and Efficient Abstractions for BVH Ray Trave...

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16th acm sigplan International conference on Generative programming - Concepts and Experiences (GPCE) co-located with SPLASH conference

作者： Perard-Gayot, Arsene Weier, Martin Membarth, Richard Slusallek, Philipp Leissa, Roland Hack, Sebastian Saarland Univ Comp Graph Lab Saarbrucken Germany Bonn Rhein Sieg Univ Inst Visual Comp St Augustin Germany DFKI Agents & Simulated Real Saarbrucken Germany Saarland Univ Compiler Design Lab Saarbrucken Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450355247

In order to achieve the highest possible performance, the ray traversal and intersection routines at the core of every high-performance ray tracer are usually hand-coded, heavily optimized, and implemented separately for each hardware platform-even though they share most of their algorithmic core. The results are implementations that heavily mix algorithmic aspects with hardware and implementation details, making the code non-portable and difficult to change and maintain. In this paper, we present a new approach that offers the ability to define in a functional language a set of conceptual, high-level language abstractions that are optimized away by a special compiler in order to maximize performance. Using this abstraction mechanism we separate a generic ray traversal and intersection algorithm from its low-level aspects that are specific to the target hardware. We demonstrate that our code is not only significantly more flexible, simpler to write, and more concise but also that the compiled results perform as well as state-of-the-art implementations on any of the tested CPU and GPU platforms.

关键词： Computer Graphics Ray Tracing Functional programming Domain-Specific languages

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Complete removal of redundant expressions 98

Complete removal of redundant expressions

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proceedings of the 1998 Annual acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation, PLDI

作者： Bodik, Rastislav Gupta, Rajiv Soffa, Mary Lou Univ of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780897919876

Partial redundancy elimination (PRE), the most important component of global optimizers, generalizes the removal of common subexpressions and loop-invariant computations. Achieving a complete PRE while incurring an acceptable code growth is the main focus of the study. An algorithm for complete removal of partial redundancies, based on the integration of code motion and control flow restructuring is presented. In contrast to existing complete techniques, resort to restructuring merely to remove obstacles to code motion, rather than to carry out the actual optimization.

关键词： Computer systems programming

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Type-based race detection for Java

Type-based race detection for Java

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acm sigplan' 00 conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI)

作者： Flanagan, C Freund, SN Compaq Syst Res Ctr Palo Alto CA 94301 USA Stanford Univ Dept Comp Sci Stanford CA 94305 USA

This paper presents a static race detection analysis for multithreaded Java programs. Our analysis is based on a formal type system that is capable of capturing many common synchronization patterns. These patterns include classes with internal synchronization, classes that require client-side synchronization, and thread-local classes. Experience checking over 40,000 lines of Java code with the type system demonstrates that it is an effective approach for eliminating races conditions. On large examples, fewer than 20 additional type annotations per 1000 lines of code were required by the type checker, and pie found a number of races in the standard Java libraries and other test programs.

关键词： Java programming language

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CompCertO: Compiling Certified Open C Components 2021

CompCertO: Compiling Certified Open C Components

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42nd acm sigplan International conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI)

作者： Koenig, Jeremie Shao, Zhong Yale Univ New Haven CT 06520 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450383912

Since the introduction of CompCert, researchers have been refining its language semantics and correctness theorem, and used them as components in software verification efforts. Meanwhile, artifacts ranging from CPU designs to network protocols have been successfully verified, and there is interest in making them interoperable to tackle end-to-end verification at an even larger scale. Recent work shows that a synthesis of game semantics, refinement-based methods, and abstraction layers has the potential to serve as a common theory of certified components. Integrating certified compilers to such a theory is a critical goal. However, none of the existing variants of CompCert meets the requirements we have identified for this task. CompCertO extends the correctness theorem of CompCert to characterize compiled program components directly in terms of their interaction with each other. Through a careful and compositional treatment of calling conventions, this is achieved with minimal effort.

关键词： Compositional Compiler Correctness Game Semantics Simulation Convention language Interface

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Adaptive, Efficient, Parallel Execution of Parallel Programs 14

Adaptive, Efficient, Parallel Execution of Parallel Programs

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35th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI)

作者： Sridharan, Srinath Gupta, Gagan Sohi, Gurindar S. Univ Wisconsin Madison WI 53706 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450327848

Future multicore processors will be heterogeneous, be increasingly less reliable, and operate in dynamically changing operating conditions. Such environments will result in a constantly varying pool of hardware resources which can greatly complicate the task of efficiently exposing a program's parallelism onto these resources. Coupled with this uncertainty is the diverse set of efficiency metrics that users may desire. This paper proposes Varuna, a system that dynamically, continuously, rapidly and transparently adapts a program's parallelism to best match the instantaneous capabilities of the hardware resources while satisfying different efficiency metrics. Varuna is applicable to both multithreaded and task-based programs and can be seamlessly inserted between the program and the operating system without needing to change the source code of either. We demonstrate Varuna's effectiveness in diverse execution environments using unaltered C/C++ parallel programs from various benchmark suites. Regardless of the execution environment, Varuna always outperformed the state-of-the-art approaches for the efficiency metrics considered.

关键词： design Experimentation Measurement Performance Autotuning parallel programming performance portability performance tuning run-time optimization

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MixT: A language for Mixing Consistency in Geodistributed Transactions 2018

MixT: A Language for Mixing Consistency in Geodistributed Tr...

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39th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI)

作者： Milano, Matthew Myers, Andrew C. Cornell Univ Dept Comp Sci Ithaca NY 14853 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450356985

programming concurrent, distributed systems is hard-especially when these systems mutate shared, persistent state replicated at geographic scale. To enable high availability and scalability, a new class of weakly consistent data stores has become popular. However, some data needs strong consistency. To manipulate both weakly and strongly consistent data in a single transaction, we introduce a new abstraction: mixed-consistency transactions, embodied in a new embedded language, MixT. Programmers explicitly associate consistency models with remote storage sites;each atomic, isolated transaction can access a mixture of data with different consistency models. Compile-time information-flow checking, applied to consistency models, ensures that these models are mixed safely and enables the compiler to automatically partition transactions. New run-time mechanisms ensure that consistency models can also be mixed safely, even when the data used by a transaction resides on separate, mutually unaware stores. Performance measurements show that despite their stronger guarantees, mixed-consistency transactions retain much of the speed of weak consistency, significantly outperforming traditional serializable transactions.

关键词： Consistency Transactions Information Flow

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CEAL: A C-Based language for Self-Adjusting Computation 09

CEAL: A C-Based Language for Self-Adjusting Computation

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acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Hammer, Matthew A. Acar, Umut A. Chen, Yan Toyota Technol Inst Chicago Chicago IL USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781605583921

Self-adjusting computation offers a language-centric approach to writing programs that can automatically respond to modifications to their data (e.g., inputs). Except for several domain-specific implementations, however, all previous implementations of self-adjusting computation assume mostly functional, higher-order languages such as Standard ML. Prior to this work, it was not known if self-adjusting computation can be made to work with low-level, imperative languages such as C without placing undue burden on the programmer. We describe the design and implementation of CEAL: a C-based language for self-adjusting computation. The language is fully general and extends C with a small number of primitives to enable writing self-adjusting programs in a style similar to conventional C programs. We present efficient compilation techniques for translating CEAL programs into C that can be compiled with existing C compilers using primitives supplied by a run-time library for self-adjusting computation. We implement the proposed compiler and evaluate its effectiveness. Our experiments show that CEAL is effective in practice: compiled self-adjusting programs respond to small modifications to their data by orders of magnitude faster than recomputing from scratch while slowing down a from-scratch run by a moderate constant factor. Compared to previous work, we measure significant space and time improvements.

关键词： Self-adjusting computation compilation control and data flow dominators tail calls trampolines performance

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Descend: A Safe GPU Systems programming language

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proceedings OF THE acm ON programming languageS-PacmPL 2024年第PLDI期8卷 841-864页

作者： Koepcke, Bastian Gorlatch, Sergei Steuwer, Michel Univ Munster Munster Germany Tech Univ Berlin Berlin Germany

Graphics Processing Units (GPU) offer tremendous computational power by following a throughput oriented paradigm where many thousand computational units operate in parallel. programming such massively parallel hardware is challenging. Programmers must correctly and efficiently coordinate thousands of threads and their accesses to various shared memory spaces. Existing mainstream GPU programming languages, such as CUDA and OpenCL, are based on C/C++ inheriting their fundamentally unsafe ways to access memory via raw pointers. This facilitates easy to make, but hard to detect bugs, such as data races and deadlocks. In this paper, we present Descend: a safe GPU programming language. In contrast to prior safe high-level GPU programming approaches, Descend is an imperative GPU systems programming language in the spirit of Rust, enforcing safe CPU and GPU memory management in the type system by tracking Ownership and Lifetimes. Descend introduces a new holistic GPU programming model where computations are hierarchically scheduled over the GPU's execution resources: grid, blocks, warps, and threads. Descend's extended Borrow checking ensures that execution resources safely access memory regions without data races. For this, we introduced views describing safe parallel access patterns of memory regions, as well as atomic variables. For memory accesses that can't be checked by our type system, users can annotate limited code sections as unsafe. We discuss the memory safety guarantees offered by Descend and evaluate our implementation using multiple benchmarks, demonstrating that Descend is capable of expressing real-world GPU programs showing competitive performance compared to manually written CUDA programs lacking Descend's safety guarantees.

关键词： GPU programming language design memory safety type systems

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