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检索条件"任意字段=Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN 1993 conference on Programming language design and implementation"

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Memory management with explicit regions

Memory management with explicit regions

引用

proceedings of the 1998 Annual acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation, PLDI

作者： Gay, David Aiken, Alex Univ of California Berkeley United States

Much research has been devoted to studies of and algorithms for memory management based on garbage collection or explicit allocation and deallocation. An alternative approach, region-based memory management, has been known for decades, but has not been well-studied. In a region-based system each allocation specifies a region, and memory is reclaimed by destroying a region, freeing all the storage allocated therein. We show that on a suite of allocation-intensive C programs, regions are competitive with malloc/free and sometimes substantially faster. We also show that regions support safe memory management with low overhead. Experience with our benchmarks suggests that modifying many existing programs to use regions is not difficult.

关键词： Computer systems programming

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Polyhedral Auto-transformation with No Integer Linear programming 2018

Polyhedral Auto-transformation with No Integer Linear Progra...

引用

39th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI)

作者： Acharya, Aravind Bondhugula, Uday Cohen, Albert Indian Inst Sci Dept Comp Sci & Automat Bangalore Karnataka India INRIA Paris France DI Ecole Normale Super Paris France

ISBN: (纸本)9781450356985

State-of-the-art algorithms used in automatic polyhedral transformation for parallelization and locality optimization typically rely on Integer Linear programming (ILP). This poses a scalability issue when scaling to tens or hundreds of statements, and may be disconcerting in production compiler settings. In this work, we consider relaxing integrality in the ILP formulation of the Pluto algorithm, a popular algorithm used to find good affine transformations. We show that the rational solutions obtained from the relaxed LP formulation can easily be scaled to valid integral ones to obtain desired solutions, although with some caveats. We first present formal results connecting the solution of the relaxed LP to the original Pluto ILP. We then show that there are difficulties in realizing the above theoretical results in practice, and propose an alternate approach to overcome those while still leveraging linear programming. Our new approach obtains dramatic compile-time speedups for a range of large benchmarks. While achieving these compile-time improvements, we show that the performance of the transformed code is not sacrificed. Our approach to automatic transformation provides a mean compilation time improvement of 5.6x over state-of-the-art on relevant challenging benchmarks from the NAS PB, SPEC CPU 2006, and PolyBench suites. We also came across situations where prior frameworks failed to find a transformation in a reasonable amount of time, while our new approach did so instantaneously.

关键词： Polyhedral transformation Pluto algorithm

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Persistency for Synchronization-Free Regions 2018

Persistency for Synchronization-Free Regions

引用

39th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI)

作者： Gogte, Vaibhav Diestelhorst, Stephan Wang, William Narayanasamy, Satish Chen, Peter M. Wenisch, Thomas F. Univ Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Arm Res Cambridge England

ISBN: (纸本)9781450356985

Nascent persistent memory (PM) technologies promise the performance of DRAM with the durability of disk, but how best to integrate them into programming systems remains an open question. Recent work extends language memory models with a persistency model prescribing semantics for updates to PM. These semantics enable programmers to design data structures in PM that are accessed like memory and yet are recoverable upon crash or failure. Alas, we find the semantics and performance of existing approaches unsatisfying. Existing approaches require high-overhead mechanisms, are restricted to certain synchronization constructs, provide incomplete semantics, and/or may recover to state that cannot arise in fault-free execution. We propose persistency semantics that guarantee failure atomicity of synchronization-free regions (SFRs) -program regions delimited by synchronization operations. Our approach provides clear semantics for the PM state recovery code may observe and extends C++11's "sequential consistency for data-race-free" guarantee to post-failure recovery code. We investigate two designs for failure-atomic SFRs that vary in performance and the degree to which commit of persistent state may lag execution. We demonstrate both approaches in LLVM v3.6.0 and compare to a state-of-the-art baseline to show performance improvement up to 87.5% (65.5% avg).

关键词： Persistent memories persistency models language memory models failure-atomicity synchronization-free regions

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Inferable Object-Oriented Typed Assembly language 10

Inferable Object-Oriented Typed Assembly Language

引用

acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Tate, Ross Chen, Juan Hawblitzel, Chris Univ Calif San Diego San Diego CA 92103 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450300193

A certifying compiler preserves type information through compilation to assembly language programs, producing typed assembly language (TAL) programs that can be verified for safety independently so that the compiler does not need to be trusted. There are two challenges for adopting certifying compilation in practice. First, requiring every compiler transformation and optimization to preserve types is a large burden on compilers, especially when adopting certifying compilation into existing optimizing non-certifying compilers. Second, type annotations significantly increase the size of assembly language programs. This paper proposes an alternative to traditional certifying compilers. It presents iTalX, the first inferable TAL type system that supports existential types, arrays, interfaces, and stacks. We have proved our inference algorithm is complete, meaning if an assembly language program is typeable with iTaIX then our algorithm will infer an iTaIX typing for that program. Furthermore, our algorithm is guaranteed to terminate even if the assembly language program is untypeable. We demonstrate that it is practical to infer such an expressive TAL by showing a prototype implementation of type inference for code compiled by Bartok, an optimizing C# compiler. Our prototype implementation infers complete type annotations for 98% of functions in a suite of realistic C# benchmarks. The type-inference time is about 8% of the compilation time. We needed to change only 2.5% of the compiler code, mostly adding new code for defining types and for writing types to object files. Most transformations are untouched. Type-annotation size is only 17% of the size of pure code and data, reducing type annotations in our previous certifying compiler [4] by 60%. The compiler needs to preserve only essential type information such as method signatures, object-layout information, and types for static data and external labels. Even non-certifying compilers have most of this information avai

关键词： Type inference Typed assembly language (TAL) Object-oriented compiler Existential quantification Certifying compiler

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Using role components to implement collaboration-based designs 11

Using role components to implement collaboration-based desig...

引用

proceedings of the 1996 conference on Object-Oriented programming Systems, languages & Applications

作者： VanHilst, Michael Notkin, David Univ of Washington Seattle United States

ISBN: (纸本)089791788X

In this paper we present a method of code implementation that works in conjunction with collaboration and responsibility based analysis modeling techniques to achieve better code reuse and resilience to change. Our approach maintains a closer mapping from responsibilities in the analysis model to entities in the implementation. In so doing, it leverages the features of flexible design and design reuse found in collaboration-based design models to provide similar adaptability and reuse in the implementation. Our approach requires no special development tools and uses only standard features available in the C++ language. In an earlier paper we described the basic mechanisms used by our approach and discussed its advantages in comparison to the framework approach. In this paper we show how our approach combines code and design reuse, describing specific techniques that can be used in the development of larger applications.

关键词： Object oriented programming

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Spatial: A language and Compiler for Application Accelerators 2018

Spatial: A Language and Compiler for Application Accelerator...

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39th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI)

作者： Koeplinger, David Feldman, Matthew Prabhakar, Raghu Zhang, Yaqi Hadjis, Stefan Fiszel, Ruben Zhao, Tian Nardi, Luigi Pedram, Ardavan Kozyrakis, Christos Olukotun, Kunle Stanford Univ Stanford CA 94305 USA Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9781450356985

Industry is increasingly turning to reconfigurable architectures like FPGAs and CGRAs for improved performance and energy efficiency. Unfortunately, adoption of these architectures has been limited by their programming models. HDLs lack abstractions for productivity and are difficult to target from higher level languages. HLS tools are more productive, but offer an ad-hoc mix of software and hardware abstractions which make performance optimizations difficult. In this work, we describe a new domain-specific language and compiler called Spatial for higher level descriptions of application accelerators. We describe Spatial's hardware-centric abstractions for both programmer productivity and design performance, and summarize the compiler passes required to support these abstractions, including pipeline scheduling, automatic memory banking, and automated design tuning driven by active machine learning. We demonstrate the language's ability to target FPGAs and CGRAs from common source code. We show that applications written in Spatial are, on average, 42% shorter and achieve a mean speedup of 2.9x over SDAccel HLS when targeting a Xilinx UltraScale+ VU9P FPGA on an Amazon EC2 F1 instance.

关键词： domain-specific languages compilers hardware accelerators high-level synthesis reconfigurable architectures FPGAs CGRAs

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Improving JavaScript Performance by Deconstructing the Type System 14

Improving JavaScript Performance by Deconstructing the Type ...

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35th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI)

作者： Ahn, Wonsun Choi, Jiho Shull, Thomas Garzaran, Maria J. Torrellas, Josep Univ Illinois Champaign IL 61820 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450327848

Increased focus on Java Script performance has resulted in vast performance improvements for many benchmarks. However, for actual code used in websites, the attained improvements often lag far behind those for popular benchmarks. This paper shows that the main reason behind this shortfall is how the compiler understands types. Java Script has no concept of types, but the compiler assigns types to objects anyway for ease of code generation. We examine the way that the Chrome V8 compiler defines types, and identify two design decisions that are the main reasons for the lack of improvement: (1) the inherited prototype object is part of the current object's type definition, and (2) method bindings are also part of the type definition. These requirements make types very unpredictable, which hinders type specialization by the compiler. Hence, we modify V8 to remove these requirements, and use it to compile the Java Script code assembled by JSBench from real websites. On average, we reduce the execution time of JSBench by 36%, and the dynamic instruction count by 49%.

关键词： design languages Performance Java Script Scripting language Dynamic Typing Type Specialization Hidden Class Inline Caching Prototype

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An experimental analysis of self-adjusting computation 06

An experimental analysis of self-adjusting computation

引用

acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation, PLDI 2006 - PLAS 2006: 2006 programming languages and Analysis for Security Workshop

作者： Acar, Umut A. Blelloch, Guy E. Blume, Matthias Tangwongsan, Kanat Toyota Technological Institute Japan Carnegie Mellon University United States

ISBN: (纸本)1595933743

Dependence graphs and memoization can be used to efficiently update the output of a program as the input changes dynamically. Recent work has studied techniques for combining these approaches to effectively dynamize a wide range of applications. Toward this end various theoretical results were given. In this paper we describe the implementation of a library based on these ideas, and present experimental results on the efficiency of this library on a variety of applications. The results of the experiments indicate that the approach is effective in practice, often requiring orders of magnitude less time than recomputing the output from scratch. We believe this is the first experimental evidence that incremental computation of any type is effective in practice for a reasonably broad set of applications. Copyright © 2006 acm.

关键词： Dynamic programming

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Generational garbage collection and the radioactive decay model 97

Generational garbage collection and the radioactive decay mo...

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proceedings of the 1997 acm SIGPLAM conference on programming language design and implementation, PLDI

作者： Clinger, William D. Hansen, Lars T. Northeastern Univ United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780897919074

If a fixed exponentially decreasing probability distribution function is used to model every object's lifetime, then the age of an object gives no information about its future life expectancy. This radioactive decay model implies there can be no rational basis for deciding which live objects should be promoted to another generation. Yet there remains a rational basis for deciding how many objects to promote, when to collect garbage, and which generations to collect. Analysis of the model leads to a new kind of generational garbage collector whose effectiveness does not depend upon heuristics that predict which objects will live longer than others. This result provides insight into the computational advantages of generational garbage collection, with implications for the management of objects whose life expectancies are difficult to predict.

关键词： Object oriented programming

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Efficient Late Binding of Dynamic Function Compositions 12

Efficient Late Binding of Dynamic Function Compositions

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12th acm sigplan International conference on Software language Engineering (SLE)

作者： Schuetze, Lars Castrillon, Jeronimo Tech Univ Dresden Chair Compiler Construct Dresden Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450369817

Adaptive software becomes more and more important as computing is increasingly context-dependent. Runtime adaptability can be achieved by dynamically selecting and applying context-specific code. Role-oriented programming has been proposed as a paradigm to enable runtime adaptive software by design. Roles change the objects' behavior at runtime and thus allow adapting the software to a given context. However, this increased variability and expressiveness has a direct impact on performance and memory consumption. We found a high overhead in the steady-state performance of executing compositions of adaptations. This paper presents a new approach to use run-time information to construct a dispatch plan that can be executed efficiently by the JVM. The concept of late binding is extended to dynamic function compositions. We evaluated the implementation with a benchmark for role-oriented programming languages leveraging context-dependent role semantics achieving a mean speedup of 2.79x over the regular implementation.

关键词： Role-Oriented programming Dispatch Optimization Virtual Machine

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