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检索条件"任意字段=Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN 1998 conference on Programming language design and implementation"

共 1237 条记录，以下是161-170 订阅

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Search, Align, and Repair: Data-Driven Feedback Generation for Introductory programming Exercises 2018

Search, Align, and Repair: Data-Driven Feedback Generation f...

引用

39th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI)

作者： Wang, Ke Singh, Rishabh Su, Zhendong Univ Calif Davis Davis CA 95616 USA Microsoft Res Redmond WA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450356985

This paper introduces the "Search, Align, and Repair" data-driven program repair framework to automate feedback generation for introductory programming exercises. Distinct from existing techniques, our goal is to develop an efficient, fully automated, and problem-agnostic technique for large or MOOC-scale introductory programming courses. We leverage the large amount of available student submissions in such settings and develop new algorithms for identifying similar programs, aligning correct and incorrect programs, and repairing incorrect programs by finding minimal fixes. We have implemented our technique in the SARFGEN system and evaluated it on thousands of real student attempts from the Microsoft-DEV204.1x edX course and the Microsoft Code-Hunt platform. Our results show that SARFGEN can, within two seconds on average, generate concise, useful feedback for 89.7% of the incorrect student submissions. It has been integrated with the Microsoft-DEV204.1X edX class and deployed for production use.

关键词： Automatic Grading Computer-Aided Education Program Analysis

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Dynamic Enforcement of Determinism in a Parallel Scripting language 14

Dynamic Enforcement of Determinism in a Parallel Scripting L...

引用

35th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI)

作者： Lu, Li Ji, Weixing Scott, Michael L. Univ Rochester Rochester NY 14627 USA Beijing Inst Technol Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450327848

Determinism is an appealing property for parallel programs, as it simplifies understanding, reasoning and debugging. It is particularly appealing in dynamic (scripting) languages, where ease of programming is a dominant design goal. Some existing parallel languages use the type system to enforce determinism statically, but this is not generally practical for dynamic languages. In this paper, we describe how determinism can be obtained-and dynamically enforced/verified-for appropriate extensions to a parallel scripting language. Specifically, we introduce the constructs of Deterministic Parallel Ruby (DPR), together with a run-time system (TARDIS) that verifies properties required for determinism, including correct usage of reductions and commutative operators, and the mutual independence (data-race freedom) of concurrent tasks. Experimental results confirm that DPR can provide scalable performance on multicore machines and that the overhead of TARDIS is low enough for practical testing. In particular, TARDIS significantly outperforms alternative data-race detectors with comparable functionality. We conclude with a discussion of future directions in the dynamic enforcement of determinism.

关键词： design languages Reliability Determinism deterministic parallelism data races scripting language

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Characterising Renaming within OCaml's Module System: Theory and implementation 2019

Characterising Renaming within OCaml's Module System: Theory...

引用

40th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI) part of acm's Federated Computing Research conference (FCRC)

作者： Rowe, Reuben N. S. Feree, Hugo Thompson, Simon J. Owens, Scott Univ Kent Sch Comp Canterbury Kent England

ISBN: (纸本)9781450367127

We present an abstract, set-theoretic denotational semantics for a significant subset of OCaml and its module system, allowing to reason about the correctness of renaming value bindings. Our semantics captures information about the binding structure of programs, as well as about which declarations are related by the use of different language constructs (e.g. functors, module types and module constraints). Correct renamings are precisely those that preserve this structure. We show that our abstract semantics is sound with respect to a (domain-theoretic) denotational model of the operational behaviour of programs, and that it allows us to prove various high-level, intuitive properties of renamings. This formal framework has been implemented in a prototype refactoring tool for OCaml that performs renaming.

关键词： Adequacy dependencies modules module types OCaml refactoring renaming semantics

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Extended static checking for Java 02

Extended static checking for Java

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proceedings of the acm sigplan 2002 conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI'02)

作者： Flanagan, Cormac Leino, K. Rustan M. Lillibridge, Mark Nelson, Greg Saxe, James B. Stata, Raymie Compaq Systems Research Center 130 Lytton Ave. Palo Alto CA 94301 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781581134636

Software development and maintenance are costly endeavors. The cost can be reduced if more software defects are detected earlier in the development cycle. This paper introduces the Extended Static Checker for Java (ESC/Java), an experimental compile-time program checker that finds common programming errors. The checker is powered by verification-condition generation and automatic theoremproving techniques. It provides programmers with a simple annotation language with which programmer design decisions can be expressed formally. ESC/Java examines the annotated software and warns of inconsistencies between the design decisions recorded in the annotations and the actual code, and also warns of potential runtime errors in the code. This paper gives an overview of the checker architecture and annotation language and describes our experience applying the checker to tens of thousands of lines of Java programs.

关键词： Java programming language

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The design of a virtual machine for Ada 80

The design of a virtual machine for Ada

引用

1980 acm-sigplan Symposium on Ada programming language, sigplan 1980

作者： Groves, L.J. Rogers, W.J. University of Waikato Hamilton New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)0897910303

An implementation of Ada should be based on a machine-independent translater generating code for a Virtual Machine, which can be realised on a variety of machines. This approach, which leads to a high degree of compiler portability, has been very successful in a number of recent language implementation projects and is the approach which has been specified by the U.S. Army and Air Force in their requirements for Ada implementations. This paper discusses the rationale, requirements and design of such a Virtual Machine for Ada. The discussion concentrates on a number of fundamental areas in which problems arise: basic Virtual Machine structure, including Storage structure and addressing;data Storage and manipulation;flow of control;subprograms, blocks and exceptions;and task handling. © proceedings of the 1980 acm conference on LISP and Functional programming, LFP 1980. All rights reserved.

关键词： Virtual machine

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P: Safe Asynchronous Event-Driven programming

P: Safe Asynchronous Event-Driven Programming

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34th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI)

作者： Desai, Ankush Gupta, Vivek Jackson, Ethan Qadeer, Shaz Rajamani, Sriram Zufferey, Damien Microsoft Corp Redmond WA 98052 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450320146

We describe the design and implementation of P, a domain-specific language to write asynchronous event driven code. P allows the programmer to specify the system as a collection of interacting state machines, which communicate with each other using events. P unifies modeling and programming into one activity for the programmer. Not only can a P program be compiled into executable code, but it can also be tested using model checking techniques. P allows the programmer to specify the environment, used to "close" the system during testing, as nondeterministic ghost machines. Ghost machines are erased during compilation to executable code;a type system ensures that the erasure is semantics preserving. The P language is designed so that a P program can be checked for responsiveness-the ability to handle every event in a timely manner. By default, a machine needs to handle every event that arrives in every state. But handling every event in every state is impractical. The language provides a notion of deferred events where the programmer can annotate when she wants to delay processing an event. The default safety checker looks for presence of unhandled events. The language also provides default liveness checks that an event cannot be potentially deferred forever. P was used to implement and verify the core of the USB device driver stack that ships with Microsoft Windows 8. The resulting driver is more reliable and performs better than its prior incarnation (which did not use P);we have more confidence in the robustness of its design due to the language abstractions and verification provided by P.

关键词： domain-specific language device driver event-driven programming state machine verification systematic testing

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Mace: language support for building distributed systems 07

Mace: Language support for building distributed systems

引用

conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Killian, Charles Anderson, James W. Braud, Ryan Jhala, Ranjit Vahdat, Amin Univ Calif San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781595936332

Building distributed systems is particularly difficult because of the asynchronous, heterogeneous, and failure-prone environment where these systems must run. Tools for building distributed systems must strike a compromise between reducing programmer effort and increasing system efficiency. We present Mace, a C++ language extension and source-to-source compiler that translates a concise but expressive distributed system specification into a C++ implementation. Mace overcomes the limitations of low-level languages by providing a unified framework for networking and event handling, and the limitations of high-level languages by allowing programmers to write program components in a controlled and structured manner in C++. By imposing structure and restrictions on how applications can be written, Mace supports debugging at a higher level, including support for efficient model checking and causal-path debugging. Because Mace programs compile to C++, programmers can use existing C++ tools, including optimizers, profilers, and debuggers to analyze their systems.

关键词： languages reliability performance Mace domain specific languages model checking debugging distributed systems concurrency event driven programming

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Aggressive inlining

Aggressive inlining

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sigplan 97 conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： Ayers, A Gottlieb, R Schooler, R Hewlett-Packard Massachusetts Language Lab Chelmsford United States

Existing research understates the benefits that can be obtained from inlining and cloning, especially when guided by profile information. Our implementation of inlining and cloning yields excellent results on average and very rarely lowers performance. We believe our good results can be explained by a number of factors: inlining at the intermediate-code level removes most technical restrictions on what can be inlined;the ability to inline across files and incorporate profile information enables us to choose better inline candidates;a high-quality back end can exploit the scheduling and register allocation opportunities presented by larger subroutines;an aggressive processor architecture benefits from more predictable branch behavior;and a large instruction cache mitigates the impact of code expansion. We describe the often dramatic impact of our inlining and cloning on performance: for example, the implementations of our inlining and cloning algorithms in the HP-UX 10.20 compilers boost SPECint95 performance on a PA8000-based workstation by a factor of 1.32.

关键词： Computer programming

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A General Constraint-centric Scheduling Framework for Spatial Architectures

A General Constraint-centric Scheduling Framework for Spatia...

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34th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI)

作者： Nowatzki, Tony Sartin-Tarm, Michael De Carli, Lorenzo Sankaralingam, Karthikeyan Estan, Cristian Robatmili, Behnam Univ Wisconsin Madison WI 53706 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450320146

Specialized execution using spatial architectures provides energy efficient computation, but requires effective algorithms for spatially scheduling the computation. Generally, this has been solved with architecture-specific heuristics, an approach which suffers from poor compiler/architect productivity, lack of insight on optimality, and inhibits migration of techniques between architectures. Our goal is to develop a scheduling framework usable for all spatial architectures. To this end, we expresses spatial scheduling as a constraint satisfaction problem using Integer Linear programming (ILP). We observe that architecture primitives and scheduler responsibilities can be related through five abstractions: placement of computation, routing of data, managing event timing, managing resource utilization, and forming the optimization objectives. We encode these responsibilities as 20 general ILP constraints, which are used to create schedulers for the disparate TRIPS, DySER, and PLUG architectures. Our results show that a general declarative approach using ILP is implementable, practical, and typically matches or outperforms specialized schedulers.

关键词： Spatial Architectures Spatial Architecture Scheduling Integer Linear programming

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Automated Clustering and Program Repair for Introductory programming Assignments 2018

Automated Clustering and Program Repair for Introductory Pro...

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39th acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI)

作者： Gulwani, Sumit Radicek, Ivan Zuleger, Florian Microsoft Corp Redmond WA 98052 USA TU Wien Vienna Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9781450356985

Providing feedback on programming assignments is a tedious task for the instructor, and even impossible in large Massive Open Online Courses with thousands of students. Previous research has suggested that program repair techniques can be used to generate feedback in programming education. In this paper, we present a novel fully automated program repair algorithm for introductory programming assignments. The key idea of the technique, which enables automation and scalability, is to use the existing correct student solutions to repair the incorrect attempts. We evaluate the approach in two experiments: (I) We evaluate the number, size and quality of the generated repairs on 4,293 incorrect student attempts from an existing MOOC. We find that our approach can repair 97% of student attempts, while 81% of those are small repairs of good quality. (II) We conduct a preliminary user study on performance and repair usefulness in an interactive teaching setting. We obtain promising initial results (the average usefulness grade 3.4 on a scale from 1 to 5), and conclude that our approach can be used in an interactive setting.

关键词： programming education MOOC dynamic analysis program repair clustering

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