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31st Annual CHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems: Changing Perspectives, CHI 2013

作者： Kim, Ju-Whan Nam, Tek-Jin CIDR Lab Department of Industrial Design KAIST 291 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-701 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9781450318990

Prototyping of gestural interactions in the early phase of design is one of the most challenging tasks for designers without advanced programming skills. Relating users' input from gesture-based sensor values requires a great deal of effort on the designer's part and disturbs their reflective and creative thinking. To deal with this problem, we present EventHurdle, a visual gesture authoring tool to support designers' explorative prototyping. It supports remote gestures from a camera, handheld gestures with physical sensors, and touch gestures by utilizing touch screens. EventHurdle allows designers to visually define and modify gestures through interaction workspace and graphical markup language with hurdles. Because the created gestures can be integrated into a prototype as programming code and automatically recognized, designers do not need to pay attention in sensor-related implementation. Two user studies and a recognition test are reported to discuss the acceptance and implications of explorative prototyping tools for designers. Copyright © 2013 acm.

关键词： Touch screens

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Synthesizing Transformations on Hierarchically Structured Data

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acm sigplan NOTICES 2016年第6期51卷 508-521页

作者： Yaghmazadeh, Navid Klinger, Christian Dillig, Isil Chaudhuri, Swarat Univ Texas Austin Austin TX 78712 USA Univ Freiburg Freiburg Germany Rice Univ Houston TX 77251 USA

This paper presents a new approach for synthesizing transformations on tree-structured data, such as Unix directories and XML documents. We consider a general abstraction for such data, called hierarchical data trees (HDTs) and present a novel example-driven synthesis algorithm for HDT transformations. Our central insight is to reduce the problem of synthesizing tree transformers to the synthesis of list transformations that are applied to the paths of the tree. The synthesis problem over lists is solved using a new algorithm that combines SMT solving and decision tree learning. We have implemented our technique in a system called HADES and show that HADES can automatically synthesize a variety of interesting transformations collected from online forums.

关键词： languages Program synthesis programming by example data transformations

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Towards Assessing the Readability of programming Error Messages 21

Towards Assessing the Readability of Programming Error Messa...

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23rd Australasian Computing Education conference (ACE)

作者： Becker, Brett A. Denny, Paul Prather, James Pettit, Raymond Nix, Robert Mooney, Catherine Univ Coll Dublin Dublin Ireland Univ Auckland Auckland New Zealand Abilene Christian Univ Abilene TX 79699 USA Univ Virginia Charlottesville VA USA Oklahoma Christian Univ Edmond OK USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450389761

programming error messages have proven to be notoriously problematic for novices who are learning to program. Although recent efforts have focused on improving message wording, these have been criticized for attempting to improve usability without first understanding and addressing readability. To date, there has been no research dedicated to the readability of programming error messages and how this could be assessed. In this paper we examine human-based assessments of programming error message readability and make two important contributions. First, we conduct an experiment using the top twenty most-frequent error messages in three popular programming languages (Python, Java, and C), revealing that human notions of readability are highly subjective and dependent on both programming experience and language familiarity. Both novices and experts agreed more about which messages are more readable, but disagreed more about which messages are not readable. Second, we leverage the data from this experiment to uncover several key factors that seem to affect message readability: message length, message tone, and use of jargon. We discuss how these factors can help guide future efforts to design a readability metric for programming error messages.

关键词： compiler error messages compiler design and implementation CS1 enhanced error messages HCI novice programmers programming programming error messages readability

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INVESTIGATIONS INTO A COMMAND AND RESPONSE language INTERFACE.

INVESTIGATIONS INTO A COMMAND AND RESPONSE LANGUAGE INTERFAC...

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proceedings of the Twenty-First Annual Hawaii International conference on System Sciences. Volume II: Software Track.

作者： Bulgren, William G. Wallace, Victor L. van de Liefvoort, Appie McClenaghan, Christopher R. Univ of Kansas Lawrence KS USA Univ of Kansas Lawrence KS USA

ISBN: (纸本)0818608420

Access to the variety of resources offered by computer networks is often complicated by the diversity of interfaces and protocols encountered. To overcome this diversity, a command-and-response language interface to a network of heterogeneous systems is proposed. A brief account of previous work in command languages and system interfaces motivates the study of a prototype of the proposed interface. The design, implementation, and lessons learned through the successful realization of the prototype are presented.

关键词： COMPUTER programming languageS

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Experience with CST: programming and implementation 89

Experience with CST: programming and implementation

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proceedings of the acm sigplan 1989 conference on programming language design and implementation

作者： W. Horwat A. A. Chien W. J. Dally Artificial Intelligence Laboratory and Laboratory for Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts

ISBN: (纸本)9780897913065

CST is a programming language based on Smalltalk-802 that supports concurrency using locks, asynchronous messages, and distributed objects. In this paper, we describe CST: the language and its implementation. Example programs and initial programming experience with CST are described. Our implementation of CST generates native code for the J-machine, a fine-grained concurrent computer. Some compiler optimizations developed in conjunction with that implementation are also described.

关键词：

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A certified type-preserving compiler from lambda calculus to assembly language

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acm sigplan NOTICES 2007年第6期42卷 54-65页

作者： Chlipala, Adam Univ Calif Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA

We present a certified compiler from the simply-typed lambda calculus to assembly language. The compiler is certified in the sense that it comes with a machine-checked proof of semantics preservation, performed with the Coq proof assistant. The compiler and the terms of its several intermediate languages are given dependent types that guarantee that only well-typed programs are representable. Thus, type preservation for each compiler pass follows without any significant "proofs" of the usual kind. Semantics preservation is proved based on denotational semantics assigned to the intermediate languages. We demonstrate how working with a type-preserving compiler enables type-directed proof search to discharge large parts of our proof obligations automatically.

关键词： languages verification compiler verification interactive proof assistants dependent types denotational semantics

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Accurate garbage collection in an uncooperative environment

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acm sigplan NOTICES 2003年第2期38卷 256-262页

作者： Henderson, F Univ Melbourne Dept Comp Sci & Software Engn Melbourne Vic 3010 Australia

Previous attempts at garbage collection in uncooperative environments have generally used conservative or mostly-conservative approaches. We describe a technique for doing fully type-accurate garbage collection in an uncooperative environment, using a "shadow stack" to link structs of pointer-containing variables, together with the data or code needed to trace them. We have implemented this in the Mercury compiler, which generates C code, and present preliminary performance data on the overheads of this technique. We also show how this technique can be extended to handle multithreaded applications.

关键词： algorithms design experimentation measurement performance reliability languages garbage collection programming language implementation multithreading C

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Mace: language support for building distributed systems

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acm sigplan NOTICES 2007年第6期42卷 179-188页

作者： Killian, Charles Anderson, James W. Braud, Ryan Jhala, Ranjit Vahdat, Amin Univ Calif San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA

Building distributed systems is particularly difficult because of the asynchronous, heterogeneous, and failure-prone environment where these systems must run. Tools for building distributed systems must strike a compromise between reducing programmer effort and increasing system efficiency. We present Mace, a C++ language extension and source-to-source compiler that translates a concise but expressive distributed system specification into a C++ implementation. Mace overcomes the limitations of low-level languages by providing a unified framework for networking and event handling, and the limitations of high-level languages by allowing programmers to write program components in a controlled and structured manner in C++. By imposing structure and restrictions on how applications can be written, Mace supports debugging at a higher level, including support for efficient model checking and causal-path debugging. Because Mace programs compile to C++, programmers can use existing C++ tools, including optimizers, profilers, and debuggers to analyze their systems.

关键词： languages reliability performance Mace domain specific languages model checking debugging distributed systems concurrency event driven programming

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The GNAT implementation of controlled types

The GNAT implementation of controlled types

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International conference on TRI-Ada 1995: Ada's Role in Global Markets: Solutions for a Changing Complex World, TRI-Ada 1995

作者： Comar, Cyrille Dismukes, Gary Gasperoni, Franco Ada Core Technologies 73 Fifth Avenue New YorkNY10003 United States Ada Core Technologies 10397 Avenida Magnifica San DiegoCA92131 United States Telecom Paris-ENST Dep. INF 46 rue Barrault Paris Cedex 1375634 France

ISBN: (纸本)0897917057

This paper discusses the implementation model for supporting Ada 95 controlled types in the GNAT compiler [1]. After reviewing the semantics of controlled types, we outline the associated implementation problems and describe their solution in GNAT. The design addresses the management of controlled operations on various entities, including dynamically allocated objects, transient objects (function results and aggregates), and composite objects containing controlled components. The interaction of the controlled type features with exceptions is also covered. Finally, we discuss alternative implementation approaches and possible enhancements to the current model. © 1995 acm.

关键词： Aggregates

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Thread-modular shape analysis

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acm sigplan NOTICES 2007年第6期42卷 266-277页

作者： Gotsman, Alexey Berdine, Josh Cook, Byron Sagiv, Mooly Univ Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1TN England Microsoft Corp Redmond WA 98052 USA

We present the first shape analysis for multithreaded programs that avoids the explicit enumeration of execution-interleavings. Our approach is to automatically infer a resource invariant associated with each lock that describes the part of the heap protected by the lock. This allows us to use a sequential shape analysis on each thread. We show that resource invariants of a certain class can be characterized as least fixed points and computed via repeated applications of shape analysis only on each individual thread. Based on this approach, we have implemented a thread-modular shape analysis tool and applied it to concurrent heap-manipulating code from Windows device drivers.

关键词： abstract interpretation concurrent programming shape analysis static analysis

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