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检索条件"任意字段=Proceedings of the ACM Sigplan 2003 Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation"

共 1287 条记录，以下是401-410 订阅

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Garbage Collection for Monitoring Parametric Properties 11

Garbage Collection for Monitoring Parametric Properties

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32nd acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI 11)

作者： Jin, Dongyun Meredith, Patrick O'Neil Griffith, Dennis Rosu, Grigore Univ Illinois Dept Comp Sci Urbana IL USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450306638

Parametric properties are behavioral properties over program events that depend on one or more parameters. Parameters are bound to concrete data or objects at runtime, which makes parametric properties particularly suitable for stating multi-object relationships or protocols. Monitoring parametric properties independently of the employed formalism involves slicing traces with respect to parameter instances and sending these slices to appropriate non-parametric monitor instances. The number of such instances is theoretically unbounded and tends to be enormous in practice, to an extent that how to efficiently manage monitor instances has become one of the most challenging problems in runtime verification. The previous formalism-independent approach was only able to do The obvious, namely to garbage collect monitor instances when all bound parameter objects were garbage collected. This led to pathological behaviors where unnecessary monitor instances were kept for the entire length of a program. This paper proposes a new approach to garbage collecting monitor instances. Unnecessary monitor instances are collected lazily to avoid creating undue overhead. This lazy collection, along with some careful engineering, has resulted in RV, the most efficient parametric monitoring system to date. Our evaluation shows that the average overhead of RV in the DaCapo benchmark is 15%, which is two times lower than that of Java MOP and orders of magnitude lower than that of Tracematches.

关键词： runtime verification runtime monitoring testing debugging aspect-oriented programming garbage collection

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Synchronization via scheduling: Techniques for efficiently managing shared state 11

Synchronization via scheduling: Techniques for efficiently m...

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32nd acm conference on programming language design and implementation, PLDI 2011

作者： Best, Micah J. Mottishaw, Shane Mustard, Craig Roth, Mark Fedorova, Alexandra Brownsword, Andrew University of British Columbia Canada Simon Fraser University Canada Electronic Arts Inc. Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781450306638

Shared state access conflicts are one of the greatest sources of error for fine grained parallelism in any domain. Notoriously hard to debug, these conflicts reduce reliability and increase development time. The standard task graph model dictates that tasks with potential conflicting accesses to shared state must be linked by a dependency, even if there is no explicit logical ordering on their execution. In cases where it is difficult to understand if such implicit dependencies exist, the programmer often creates more dependencies than needed, which results in constrained graphs with large monolithic tasks and limited parallelism. We propose a new technique, Synchronization via Scheduling (SvS), that uses the results of static and dynamic code analysis to manage potential shared state conflicts by exposing the data accesses of each task to the scheduler. We present an in-depth performance analysis of SvS via examples from video games, our target domain, and show that SvS performs well in comparison to software transactional memory (TM) and fine grained mutexes. © 2011 acm.

关键词： Parallel programming

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Lightweight Modular Staging: A Pragmatic Approach to Runtime Code Generation and Compiled DSLs 10

Lightweight Modular Staging: A Pragmatic Approach to Runtime...

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9th International conference on Generative programming and Component Engineering

作者： Rompf, Tiark Odersky, Martin Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9781450301541

Software engineering demands generality and abstraction, performance demands specialization and concretization. Generative programming can provide both, but developing high-quality program generators takes a large effort, even if a multi-stage programming language is used. We present lightweight modular staging, a library-based multi-stage programming approach that breaks with the tradition of syntactic quasi-quotation and instead uses only types to distinguish between binding times. Through extensive use of component technology, lightweight modular staging makes an optimizing compiler framework available at the library level, allowing programmers to tightly integrate domain-specific abstractions and optimizations into the generation process. We argue that lightweight modular staging enables a form of language virtualization, i.e. allows to go from a pure-library embedded language to one that is practically equivalent to a stand-alone implementation with only modest effort.

关键词： design languages Code Generation Multi-stage programming Domain-specific languages language Virtualization

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Reactive Imperative programming with Dataflow Constraints 11

Reactive Imperative Programming with Dataflow Constraints

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2th acm International conference on Systems, programming, languages, and Applications: Software for Humanity (SPLASH)

作者： Demetrescu, Camil Finocchi, Irene Ribichini, Andrea Univ Roma La Sapienza Dept Comp & Syst Sci Rome Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781450309400

Dataflow languages provide natural support for specifying constraints between objects in dynamic applications, where programs need to react efficiently to changes of their environment. Researchers have long investigated how to take advantage of dataflow constraints by embedding them into procedural languages. Previous mixed imperative/dataflow systems, however, require syntactic extensions or libraries of ad hoc data types for binding the imperative program to the dataflow solver. In this paper we propose a novel approach that smoothly combines the two paradigms without placing undue burden on the programmer. In our framework, programmers can define ordinary statements of the imperative host language that enforce constraints between objects stored in special memory locations designated as "reactive". Differently from previous approaches, reactive objects can be of any legal type in the host language, including primitive data types, pointers, arrays, and structures. Statements defining constraints are automatically re-executed every time their input memory locations change, letting a program behave like a spreadsheet where the values of some variables depend upon the values of other variables. The constraint solving mechanism is handled transparently by altering the semantics of elementary operations of the host language for reading and modifying objects. We provide a formal semantics and describe a concrete embodiment of our technique into C/C++, showing how to implement it efficiently in conventional platforms using off-the-shelf compilers. We discuss common coding idioms and relevant applications to reactive scenarios, including incremental computation, observer design pattern, and data structure repair. The performance of our implementation is compared to ad hoc problem-specific change propagation algorithms, as well as to language-centric approaches such as self-adjusting computation and subject/observer communication mechanisms, showing that the proposed approa

关键词： Reactive programming dataflow programming imperative programming constraint solving incremental computation observer design pattern data structure repair

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Sal/Svm: An assembly language and virtual machine for computing with non-enumerated sets

Sal/Svm: An assembly language and virtual machine for comput...

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4th Workshop on Virtual Machines and Intermediate languages, VMIL 2010, Held at the 1st acm sigplan conference on Systems, programming, languages, and Applications: Software for Humanity, SPLASH 2010

作者： Stanley-Marbell, Phillip IBM Research-Zürich Säumerstrasse 4 8803 Rüschlikon Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9781450305457

Presented is the design, implementation and evaluation of a system for computing with non-enumerative set representations. The implementation is in the form of a set assembly language (Sal) whose operations correspond to an implementation of the algebra of sets, with minimal added syntactic sugar;a compiler (Salc) for validation and static optimization of Sal definitions;and a virtual machine architecture (Svm) for executing Sal definitions. Sal/Svm has turned out to be a surprisingly versatile framework for a growing number of problems. One such application, as a framework for declaratively specifying computational problems with the same level of precision that traditional machine languages enable the specification of computational algorithms, is presented. Copyright © 2010 acm.

关键词： Network security

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Taming the Wildcards: Combining Definition- and Use-Site Variance 11

Taming the Wildcards: Combining Definition- and Use-Site Var...

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32nd acm sigplan conference on programming language design and implementation (PLDI 11)

作者： Altidor, John Huang, Shan Shan Smaragdakis, Yannis Univ Massachusetts Dept Comp Sci Amherst MA 01003 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450306638

Variance allows the safe integration of parametric and subtype polymorphism. Two flavors of variance, definition-site versus use-site variance, have been studied and have had their merits hotly debated. Definition-site variance (as in Scala and C#) offers simple type-instantiation rules, but causes fractured definitions of naturally invariant classes;Use-site variance (as in Java) offers simplicity in class definitions, yet complex type-instantiation rules that elude most programmers. We present a unifying framework for reasoning about variance. Our framework is quite simple and entirely denotational, that is, it evokes directly the definition of variance with a small core calculus that does not depend on specific type systems. This general framework can have multiple applications to combine the best of both worlds: for instance, it can be used to add use-site variance annotations to the Scala type system. We show one such application in detail: we extend the Java type system with a mechanism that modularly infers the definition-site variance of type parameters, while allowing use-site variance annotations on any type-instantiation. Applying our technique to six Java generic libraries (including the Java core library) shows that 20-58% (depending on the library) of generic definitions are inferred to have single-variance;8-63% of method signatures can be relaxed through this inference, and up to 91% of existing wildcard annotations are unnecessary and can be elided.

关键词： variance definition-site variance use-site variance wildcards language extensions

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KonohaScript: Static scripting for practical use

KonohaScript: Static scripting for practical use

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acm International conference on Systems, programming, languages, and Applications: Software for Humanity, SPLASH'11

作者： Kuramitsu, Kimio JST/CREST/DEOS Project Yokohama National University Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781450309424

This demonstration presents the language design of Konoha-Script, a statically typed object-oriented scripting language. KonohaScript provides the very similar scripting experiences compared to dynamic languages. In addition, it also preserves useful programming supports by static typing, such as automated verification of careless mistakes, improved readability of source code, better opportunity of optimized code generation. This demonstration will show how KonohaScript improved scripting experiences with static typing, using our open source implementation fully written in C.

关键词： Object oriented programming

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The tao of parallelism in algorithms 11

The tao of parallelism in algorithms

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32nd acm conference on programming language design and implementation, PLDI 2011

作者： Pingali, Keshav Nguyen, Donald Kulkarni, Milind Burtscher, Martin Hassaan, M. Amber Kaleem, Rashid Lee, Tsung-Hsien Lenharth, Andrew Manevich, Roman Méndez-Lojo, Mario Prountzos, Dimitrios Sui, Xin Department of Computer Science University of Texas Austin TX United States Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas Austin TX United States Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences University of Texas Austin TX United States Department of Computer Science Texas State University San Marcos TX United States School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450306638

For more than thirty years, the parallel programming community has used the dependence graph as the main abstraction for reasoning about and exploiting parallelism in "regular" algorithms that use dense arrays, such as finite-differences and FFTs. In this paper, we argue that the dependence graph is not a suitable abstraction for algorithms in new application areas like machine learning and network analysis in which the key data structures are "irregular" data structures like graphs, trees, and sets. To address the need for better abstractions, we introduce a data-centric formulation of algorithms called the operator formulation in which an algorithm is expressed in terms of its action on data structures. This formulation is the basis for a structural analysis of algorithms that we call tao-analysis. Tao-analysis can be viewed as an abstraction of algorithms that distills out algorithmic properties important for parallelization. It reveals that a generalized form of data-parallelism called amorphous data-parallelism is ubiquitous in algorithms, and that, depending on the tao-structure of the algorithm, this parallelism may be exploited by compile-time, inspector-executor or optimistic parallelization, thereby unifying these seemingly unrelated parallelization techniques. Regular algorithms emerge as a special case of irregular algorithms, and many application-specific optimization techniques can be generalized to a broader context. These results suggest that the operator formulation and tao-analysis of algorithms can be the foundation of a systematic approach to parallel programming. © 2011 acm.

关键词： Parallel programming

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language-independent sandboxing of just-in-time compilation and self-modifying code 11

Language-independent sandboxing of just-in-time compilation ...

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32nd acm conference on programming language design and implementation, PLDI 2011

作者： Ansel, Jason Marchenko, Petr Erlingsson, Ulfar Taylor, Elijah Chen, Brad Schuff, Derek L. Sehr, David Biffle, Cliff L. Yee, Bennet Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States University College London United Kingdom Google Inc. United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450306638

When dealing with dynamic, untrusted content, such as on the Web, software behavior must be sandboxed, typically through use of a language like JavaScript. However, even for such specially-designed languages, it is difficult to ensure the safety of highly-optimized, dynamic language runtimes which, for efficiency, rely on advanced techniques such as Just-In-Time (JIT) compilation, large libraries of native-code support routines, and intricate mechanisms for multi-threading and garbage collection. Each new runtime provides a new potential attack surface and this security risk raises a barrier to the adoption of new languages for creating untrusted content. Removing this limitation, this paper introduces general mechanisms for safely and efficiently sandboxing software, such as dynamic language runtimes, that make use of advanced, low-level techniques like runtime code modification. Our language-independent sandboxing builds on Software-based Fault Isolation (SFI), a traditionally static technique. We provide a more flexible form of SFI by adding new constraints and mechanisms that allow safety to be guaranteed despite runtime code modifications. We have added our extensions to both the x86-32 and x86-64 variants of a production-quality, SFI-based sandboxing platform;on those two architectures SFI mechanisms face different challenges. We have also ported two representative language platforms to our extended sandbox: the Mono common language runtime and the V8 JavaScript engine. In detailed evaluations, we find that sandboxing slowdown varies between different benchmarks, languages, and hardware platforms. Overheads are generally moderate and they are close to zero for some important benchmark/platform combinations. © 2011 acm.

关键词： Dynamics

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Implicit Invocation Meets Safe, Implicit Concurrency 10

Implicit Invocation Meets Safe, Implicit Concurrency

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9th International conference on Generative programming and Component Engineering

作者： Long, Yuheng Mooney, Sean L. Sondag, Tyler Rajan, Hridesh Iowa State Univ Dept Comp Sci Ames IA 50011 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450301541

Writing correct and efficient concurrent programs still remains a challenge. Explicit concurrency is difficult, error prone, and creates code which is hard to maintain and debug. This type of concurrency also treats modular program design and concurrency as separate goals, where modularity often suffers. To solve these problems, we are designing a new language that we call Panini. In this paper, we focus on Panini's asynchronous, typed events which reconcile the modularity goal promoted by the implicit invocation design style with the concurrency goal of exposing potential concurrency between the execution of subjects and observers. Since modularity is improved and concurrency is implicit in Panini, programs are easier to reason about and maintain. The language incorporates a static analysis to determine potential conflicts between handlers and a dynamic analysis which uses the conflict information to determine a safe order for handler invocation. This mechanism avoids races and deadlocks entirely, yielding programs with a guaranteed deterministic semantics. To evaluate our language design and implementation we show several examples of its usage as well as an empirical study of program performance. We found that not only is developing and understanding Panini programs significantly easier compared to standard concurrent object-oriented programs, but also performance of Panini programs is comparable to their equivalent hand-tuned versions written using Java's fork-join framework.

关键词： languages design Performance Safe Implicit Concurrency Modularity

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