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A first-class approach to genericity

A first-class approach to genericity

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18th Annual conference on Object-Oriented programming, Systems, languages and Applications (OOPSLA 2003)

作者： Allen, E Bannet, J Cartwright, R Rice Univ Houston TX 77005 USA

This paper describes how to add first-class generic types including mixins - to strongly-typed 00 languages with nominal subtyping such as Java and C#. A generic type system is "first-class" if generic types can appear in any context where conventional types can appear. In this context, a mixin is simply a generic class that extends one of its type parameters, e.g., a class C that extends T. Although mixins of this form are widely used in C++ (via templates), they are clumsy and error-prone because C++ treats mixins as macros, forcing each mixin instantiation to be separately compiled and type-checked. The abstraction embodied in a mixin is never separately analyzed. Our formulation of mixins using first-class genericity accommodates sound local (class-by-class) type checking. A mixin can be fully type-checked given symbol tables for each of the classes that it directly references-the same context in which Java performs incremental class compilation. To our knowledge, no previous formal analysis of first-class genericity in languages with nominal type systems has been conducted, which is surprising because nominal subtyping has become predominant in mainstream object-oriented programming languages. What makes our treatment of first-class genericity particularly interesting and important is the fact that it can be added to the existing Java language without any change to the underlying Java Virtual Machine. Moreover, the extension is backward compatible with legacy Java source and class files. Although our discussion of a, practical implementation strategy focuses on Java, the same implementation techniques could be applied to other object-oriented languages such as C# or Eiffel that support incremental compilation, dynamic class loading, and nominal subtyping.

关键词： design languages

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A refinement algebra for object-oriented programming

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17th European conference on Object-Oriented programming (ECOOP 2003)

作者： Borba, P Sampaio, A Cornélio, M Univ Fed Pernambuco Informat Ctr Recife PE Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)3540405313

In this article we introduce a comprehensive set of algebraic laws for ROOL, a language similar to sequential Java but with a copy semantics. We present a few laws of commands, but focus on the object-oriented features of the language. We show that this set of laws is complete in the sense that it is sufficient to reduce an arbitrary ROOL program to a normal form expressed in a restricted subset of the ROOL operators. We also propose a law for data refinement that generalises the technique from traditional modules to class hierarchies. Together, these laws are expressive enough to derive more elaborate rules that can be useful, for example, to formalize object-oriented design practices;this is illustrated through the systematic derivation of a refactoring from the proposed laws.

关键词： Object oriented programming

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On the design of correct and optimal dynamical systems and games

On the design of correct and optimal dynamical systems and g...

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Joint European conference on Theory and Practice of Software (ETAPS 2003)

作者： Sintzoff, M Univ Catholique Louvain Dept Comp Sci & Engn B-1348 Louvain Belgium

There exist various methods for designing dynamical systems and dynamical games in order to ensure correctness and optimality. In the paper, they are systematically organized as follows. Two variational principles are recalled. Firstly, solutions must be stationary: this leads to necessary conditions and to gradient algorithms. Secondly, solutions, if any, must be optimal or correct;this leads to sufficient conditions and to dynamic-programming algorithms. Methods based on these principles allow to design dynamical systems and games such as control systems, hybrid systems and reactive ones. Time may be discrete or continuous;correctness can be viewed as an abstraction of optimality. The structured presentation of design methods is intended to foster their understanding, integration, cross-fertilization and improvement. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： program derivation software design and implementation formal methods control systems hybrid systems reactive systems dynamical systems dynamical games synthesis variational principles

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A pair-programming experiment in a non-programming course

A pair-programming experiment in a non-programming course

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18th Annual acm sigplan conference on Object-Oriented programming, Systems, languages, and Applications, OOPSLA'03

作者： Gehringer, Edward F. North Carolina State University Department of Computer Science Box 8206 Raleigh NC 27606 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1581137516

Pair programming is a concept where two programmers work side by side at the same computer, writing code jointly. One of them, called the driver, is in control of the keyboard and mouse. The other, called the navigator, observes what the driver is doing and offers advice. It is the driver's job to write the code. The navigator has a chance to observe the larger picture, evaluating the driver's code for correctness of design and implementation. Studies have shown that pair programming is very effective. Two programmers can finish a task in little over half the elapsed time that a single programmer takes. And the quality of the code - measured in terms of absence of defects -is much higher. In the past few years, pair programming has made inroads into industry and into programming courses. However, it has not typically been used in courses that teach subjects other than programming or software engineering, nor has it been used in the analysis of experimental results. This paper reports on an experiment in a combined senior/masters-level computer architecture class, using Hennessy & Patterson's Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach as a text. Students were required to implement three projects simulating various aspects of a microarchitecture (cache, branch predictor, dynamic instruction scheduler). Then they engaged in an experimental analysis to find the best configuration in a design space. Students reported high levels of satisfaction with the experience of pair programming. Pair programmers obtained significantly higher grades on Project 1;however, differences on the other projects were not statistically significant.

关键词： Computer architecture

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HydroJ: Object-oriented pattern matching for evolvable distributed systems

HydroJ: Object-oriented pattern matching for evolvable distr...

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18th Annual conference on Object-Oriented programming, Systems, languages and Applications (OOPSLA 2003)

作者： Lee, K LaMarca, A Chambers, C Univ Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA Intel Res Seattle WA USA

In an evolving software system, components must be able to change independently while remaining compatible with their peers. One obstacle to independent evolution is the brittle parameter problem: the ability of two components to communicate can depend on a number of inessential details of the types, structure, and/or contents of the values communicated. If these details change, then the components can no longer communicate, even if the essential parts of the message remain unaffected. We present HydroJ, an extension of Java that addresses this problem. In HydroJ, components communicate using self-describing, semi-structured messages, and programmers use pattern matching to define the handling of messages. This design stems from two central ideas: first, that self-describing messages reduce dependence on inessential message format details;and second, that object-oriented pattern matching naturally focuses on the essential information in a message and is insensitive to inessential information. We have developed these ideas in the context of Rain, a distributed, heterogeneous messaging system for ubiquitous computing. To evaluate the design, we have constructed a prototype HydroJ compiler, implemented some Rain services in HydroJ, studied the evolution of an existing Rain service over time, and formalized HydroJ's key features in a core language.

关键词： languages pattern matching dynamic dispatch XML semi-structured data software evolution object-oriented programming distributed systems ubiquitous computing HydroJ

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A Java component model for evolving software systems 03

A Java component model for evolving software systems

引用

18th IEEE International conference on Automated Software Engineering

作者： da Silva, MC Guerra, PAD Rubira, CMF Univ Campinas Inst Comp Campinas SP Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)0769520359

This paper presents a component model for designing and implementing flexible software components in Java. Our model defines a mapping of how the fundamental concepts of component-based development (CBD) should be implemented using the object-oriented (OO) constructs, available in the Java programming language. The benefit of this mapping is to shorten the distance between a component-based software architecture and its implementation, enhancing the reusability, adaptability and maintainability of component-based software systems.

关键词： Java programming language

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Model driven development - The case for domain oriented programming

Model driven development - The case for domain oriented prog...

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18th Annual acm sigplan conference on Object-Oriented programming, Systems, languages, and Applications, OOPSLA'03

作者： Thomas, Dave Barry, Brian M. Bedarra Research Labs. 1 Stafford Rd. Ottawa ON K2H 1B9 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)1581137516

In this paper, we offer an alternative vision for domain driven development (3D). Our approach is model driven and emphasizes the use of generic and specific domain oriented programming (DOP) languages. DOP uses strong specific languages, which directly incorporate domain abstractions, to allow knowledgeable end users to succinctly express their needs in the form of an application computation. Most domain driven development (3D) approaches and techniques are targeted at professional software engineers and computer scientists. We argue that DOP offers a promising alternative. Specifically we are focused on empowering application developers who have extensive domain knowledge as well as sound foundations in their professions, but may not be formally trained in computer science. We provide a brief survey of DOP experiences, which show that many of the best practices such as patterns, refactoring, and pair programming are naturally and ideally practiced in a Model Driven Development (MDD) setting. We compare and contrast our DOP with other popular approaches, most of which are deeply rooted in the OO community. Finally we highlight challenges and opportunities in the design and implementation of such languages.

关键词： Problem oriented languages

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A pragmatic study of binary class relationships 03

A pragmatic study of binary class relationships

引用

18th IEEE International conference on Automated Software Engineering

作者： Guéhéneuc, YG Albin-Amiot, H Ecole Mines Nantes F-44307 Nantes 3 France

ISBN: (纸本)0769520359

A discontinuity exists between modeling and object-oriented programming languages. This discontinuity is a consequence of ambiguous notions in modeling languages and lack of corresponding notions in object-oriented programming languages. It hinders the transition between software implementation and design and hampers software maintenance. This discontinuity is particularly acute for binary class relationships, such as the association, aggregation, and composition relationships. We present a solution to bridge the discontinuity between implementation, and design for the binary class relationships: We propose consensual definitions of the binary class relationships in terms of four properties (exclusivity, invocation, site, lifetime, multiplicity). We describe algorithms to detect these properties in Java source code.

关键词： Computer languages Software maintenance Object oriented modeling Bridges Java Algorithm design and analysis Software tools Reverse engineering Software design Software algorithms

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proceedings - 1st acm and IEEE International conference on Formal Methods and Models for Co-design, MEMOCODE 2003

Proceedings - 1st ACM and IEEE International Conference on F...

引用

1st acm and IEEE International conference on Formal Methods and Models for Co-design, MEMOCODE 2003

ISBN: (纸本)0769519237

The proceedings contain 31 papers. The topics discussed include: executable computational logics: combining formal methods and programming language based system design;from use cases to system implementation: statechart based co-design;goal-oriented requirements analysis for process control systems design;analyzing concurrency in computational networks;finding good counter-examples to aid design verification;high level verification for control intensive systems using predicate abstraction;formal verification of an Intel XScale processor model with scoreboarding, specialized execution pipelines, and imprecise data-memory exceptions;engineering changes in field modifiable architectures;hierarchical and incremental verification for system level design: challenges and accomplishments;and how to compute the refinement relation for parameterized systems.

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TDL:: A hardware description language for retargetable postpass optimizations and analyses

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2nd International conference on Generative programming and Component Engineering

作者： Kästner, D Univ Saarland D-6600 Saarbrucken Germany AbsInt Angew Informat GmbH Saarbrucken Germany

ISBN: (纸本)3540201025

The hardware description language TDL has been designed with the goal to generate machine-dependent postpass optimizers and analyzers from a concise specification of the target processor. TDL is assembly-oriented and provides a generic modeling of irregular hardware constraints that are typical for many embedded processors. The generic modeling supports graph-based and search-based optimization algorithms. An important design goal of TDL was to achieve extendibility, so that TDL can be easily integrated in different target applications. TDL is at the base of the PROPAN system that has been developed as a retargetable framework for high-quality code optimizations at assembly level. For two contemporary microprocessors, the Analog Devices SHARC 2106x, and the Philips TriMedia TM1000, significant improvements of the code produced by production-quality compilers could be achieved with short retargeting time. TDL has also been used for implementing postpass optimizations for the Infineon C16x/ST10 processor that are part of a commercial postpass optimizer. TDL specifications are concise and can be produced in short time.

关键词： Specifications

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