Dido is an application (and application development environment) in a web page. It is a single web page containing rich structured data, an AJAXy interactive visualizer/editor for that data, and a "metaeditor&quo...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781605587455
Dido is an application (and application development environment) in a web page. It is a single web page containing rich structured data, an AJAXy interactive visualizer/editor for that data, and a "metaeditor" for WYSIWYG editing of the visualizer/editor. Historically, users have been limited to the data schemas, visualizations, and interactions offered by a small number of heavyweight applications. In contrast, Dido encourages and enables the end user to edit (not code) in his or her web browser a distinct ephemeral interaction "wrapper" for each data collection that is specifically suited to its intended use. Dido's active document metaphor has been explored before but we show how, given today's web infrastructure, it can be deployed in a small self-contained HTML document without touching a web client or server.
Interaction with large unstructured datasets is difficult because existing approaches, such as keyword search, are not always suited to describing concepts corresponding to the distinctions people want to make within ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781605587455
Interaction with large unstructured datasets is difficult because existing approaches, such as keyword search, are not always suited to describing concepts corresponding to the distinctions people want to make within datasets. One possible solution is to allow end users to train machine learning systems to identify desired concepts, a strategy known as interactive concept learning. A fundamental challenge is to design systems that preserve end user flexibility and control while also guiding them to provide examples that allow the machine learning system to effectively learn the desired concept. This paper presents our design and evaluation of four new overview based approaches to guiding example selection. We situate our explorations within CueFlik, a system examining end user interactive concept learning in Web image search. Our evaluation shows our approaches not only guide end users to select better training examples than the best performing previous design for this application, but also reduce the impact of not knowing when to stop training the system. We discuss challenges for end user interactive concept learning systems and identify opportunities for future research on the effective design of such systems.
The challenge for the microarchitect has always been (with very few notable domain-specific exceptions) how to translate the continually increasing processing power provided by Moore's Law into increased performan...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781605583976
The challenge for the microarchitect has always been (with very few notable domain-specific exceptions) how to translate the continually increasing processing power provided by Moore's Law into increased performance, or more recently into similar performance at lower cost in energy. The mechanisms in the past (almost entirely) kept the interface intact and used the increase in transistor count to improve the performance of the microarchitecture of the uniprocessor. When that became too hard, we went to larger and larger on-chip caches. Both are consistent with the notion that "abstractions are good." At some point, we got overwhelmed with too many transistors; predictably, multi-core was born. As the transistor count continues to skyrocket, we are faced with two questions: what should be on the chip, and how should the softwareinterface to it. If we expect to continue to take advantage of what process technology is providing, I think we need to do several things, starting with rethinking the notion of abstraction and providing multiple interfaces for the programmer.
The touchable online shopping system we propose enables users can touch a virtual commodity with their own hands. One purpose of our proposal is to evaluate whether it is easy to measure the size and weight of the com...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781605588698
The touchable online shopping system we propose enables users can touch a virtual commodity with their own hands. One purpose of our proposal is to evaluate whether it is easy to measure the size and weight of the commodity intuitively only with small-scale size and low-price elements. Another is to make a general-purpose system only with them for general applications. With such virtual reality, we used a data-glove with vibrators and a simple force feedback device to cover any impressions such as interface interference during use. We evaluated whether users can measure the size and weight of a virtual commodity. Using this system, we found that users could measure them similar to the use of real ones.
We address the problem of computing a sequence of dense disparity maps from two synchronized video streams recorded by slightly displaced cameras. Generating such disparity videos is becoming increasingly important in...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424456499
We address the problem of computing a sequence of dense disparity maps from two synchronized video streams recorded by slightly displaced cameras. Generating such disparity videos is becoming increasingly important in the light of new autostereoscopic displays and novel viewpoint applications. We propose a good-quality, computationally fast and easy-to-use solution to accomplish this task. This paper describes the four major steps of our 2D to 3D video conversion procedure. (1) The user segments the video into its scenes. (2) For each scene, we rectify the uncalibrated stereo pairs so that correspondences lie on the same horizontal scanline. (3) A fast and accurate dynamic programming-based stereo matcher is then applied to compute a dense disparity map for each stereo pair. (4) We perform temporal smoothing on the computed disparity sequence to reduce the disparity flickering problem. All of these functionalities can be accessed via an easy-to-use Graphical userinterface, which makes our conversion procedure applicable even for technical unskilled users. We demonstrate the good quality of our results using various challenging real-world stereo streams.
This paper presents Foldable userinterfaces (FUI), a combination of a 3D GUI with windows imbued with the physics of paper, and Foldable Input Devices (FIDs). FIDs are sheets of paper that allow realistic transformat...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781595939753
This paper presents Foldable userinterfaces (FUI), a combination of a 3D GUI with windows imbued with the physics of paper, and Foldable Input Devices (FIDs). FIDs are sheets of paper that allow realistic transformations of graphical sheets in the FUI. Foldable input devices are made Out of construction paper augmented with IR reflectors, and tracked by computer vision. Window sheets can be picked up and flexed with simple movements and deformations of the FID. FIDs allow a diverse lexicon of one-handed and two-handed interaction techniques, including folding, bending, flipping and stacking. We show how these can be used to ease the creation of simple 3D models, but also for tasks such as page navigation.
The venerable desktop metaphor is beginning to show signs of strain in supporting modern knowledge work. In this paper, we examine how the desktop metaphor can be re-framed, shifting the focus away froth a low-level (...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781595939753
The venerable desktop metaphor is beginning to show signs of strain in supporting modern knowledge work. In this paper, we examine how the desktop metaphor can be re-framed, shifting the focus away froth a low-level (and increasingly obsolete) focus on documents and applications to an interface based upon the creation of and interaction with manually declared, semantically meaningful activities. We begin by unpacking some of the foundational assumptions of desktop interface design, describe an activity-based model for organizing the desktop interface based on theories of cognition and observations of real-world practice, and identify a series of high-level system requirements for interfaces that use activity as their primary organizing principle. Based on these requirements, we present the novel interface design of the Giornata system, a prototype activity-based desktop interface, and share initial findings from a longitudinal deployment of the Giornata system in a real-world setting.
Attribute gates are a new userinterface element designed to address the problem of concurrently setting attributes and moving objects between territories on a digital tabletop. Motivated by the notion of task levels ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781595939753
Attribute gates are a new userinterface element designed to address the problem of concurrently setting attributes and moving objects between territories on a digital tabletop. Motivated by the notion of task levels in activity theory, and crossing interfaces, attribute gates allow users to operationalize multiple subtasks in one smooth movement. We present two configurations of attribute gates;(1) grid gales which spatially distribute attribute values in a regular grid, and require users to draw trajectories through the attributes;(2) polar gates which distribute attribute values on segments of concentric rings, and require users to align segments when setting attribute combinations. The layout of both configurations was optimised based on targeting and steering laws derived from Fitts' Law. A study compared the use of attribute gates with traditional contextual menus. users of attribute gates demonstrated both increased performance and higher mutual awareness.
Creating multiple prototypes facilitates comparative reasoning, grounds team discussion, and enables situated exploration. However, current interface design tools focus on creating single artifacts. This paper introdu...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781595939753
Creating multiple prototypes facilitates comparative reasoning, grounds team discussion, and enables situated exploration. However, current interface design tools focus on creating single artifacts. This paper introduces the Juxtapose code editor and runtime environment for designing multiple alternatives of both application logic and interface parameters. For rapidly comparing code alternatives, Juxtapose introduces selectively parallel source editing and execution. To explore parameter variations, Juxtapose automatically creates control interfaces for "tuning" application variables at runtime. This paper describes techniques to support design exploration for desktop, mobile, and physical interfaces, and situates this work in a larger design space of tools for explorative programming. A summative study of Juxtapose with 18 participants demonstrated that parallel editing and execution are accessible to interaction designers and that designers can leverage these techniques to survey more options, faster.
A history-of-user-operations function helps make applications easier to use. For example, users may have access to an operation history list in ail application to undo or redo a past operation. To provide ail overview...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781595939753
A history-of-user-operations function helps make applications easier to use. For example, users may have access to an operation history list in ail application to undo or redo a past operation. To provide ail overview of a long operation history and help users find target interactions or application states quickly, visual representations of operation history have been proposed. However, most previous systems are tightly integrated with target applications and difficult to apply to new applications. We propose ail application-independent method that can visualize the operation history of arbitrary GUI applications by monitoring the input and output GUI events from outside of the target application. We implemented a prototype system that visualizes operation sequences of generic Java Awt/Swing applications using ail annotated comic strip metaphor. We tested the system with various applications and present results from a user study.
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