Hypermedia technology has aroused considerable interest in didactic environments, owing to its versatility in realizing didactic software where the attention is shifted away from the teaching towards the learning proc...
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The main problem of standards (e.g. ISO 9241) in the context of usability of software quality is that they cannot measure all relevant product features in a task independent way. We present a new approach to measure u...
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The main problem of standards (e.g. ISO 9241) in the context of usability of software quality is that they cannot measure all relevant product features in a task independent way. We present a new approach to measure userinterface quality in a quantitative way. First, we developed a concept to describe userinterfaces on a granularity level, that is detailed enough to presence important interface characteristics, and is general enough to cover most of known interface types. We distinguish between different types of "interaction points". With these kinds of interaction points we can describe several types of interfaces (CUI: command, menu, form-fill-in; GUI: desktop, direct manipulation, multimedia, etc.). We carried out two different comparative usability studies to validate our quantitative measures. The results of one other published comparative usability study can be predicted. Results of six different interfaces are presented and discussed. One of the most important result is that the dialog flexibility must exceed a threshold of 15-measured with two of our metrics-to increase significantly the usability.
This paper describes an architecture for an intelligent interactive instructional simulation modelling environment. It revolves around the production of tutorial and courseware authoring for different simulation softw...
ISBN:
(纸本)9780780333833
This paper describes an architecture for an intelligent interactive instructional simulation modelling environment. It revolves around the production of tutorial and courseware authoring for different simulation software packages with a generic userinterface shell. The generic shell is a 'front end' which provides a uniform graphical userinterface to diverse simulation modelling software tutorials. An object oriented perspective is combined with tutorial activities based on the task classification structure to form the interactions between objects. The development environment brings together objects that are functionally coherent and allows them to share common resources within the shell.
Many parallel applications are designed to conceal parallelism from the user. We investigate a different approach where the user controls many tasks running in parallel. The idea is to let a user accomplish his goal m...
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Many parallel applications are designed to conceal parallelism from the user. We investigate a different approach where the user controls many tasks running in parallel. The idea is to let a user accomplish his goal more quickly by trying competing alternatives in parallel (or-parallelism) and by working on subgoals in parallel (and-parallelism). To help the user manage a large number of parallel tasks, the application must provide features to generate many tasks easily, to summarize the state of all tasks, to broadcast commands to related tasks, and to abort tasks that are no longer needed. A parallel interface to an application thus becomes crucial to enhance the user's productivity. We demonstrate this approach using DLP, a parallel, distributed version of the Larch Prover, an interactive theorem prover. DLP supports explicit parallelism and runs on a network of workstations. users control DLP through a multi-window interface on a bit-map color-display. Many theorem proving problems that would otherwise take considerable user effort to solve have been done with relative ease using DLP.
A prototype expert system for the verification of finite-element analysis data with a graphical hypertext userinterface for use in industry and academia is presented. This tool assists novice users in identifying pro...
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A prototype expert system for the verification of finite-element analysis data with a graphical hypertext userinterface for use in industry and academia is presented. This tool assists novice users in identifying problems and errors associated with finite-element simulations. Due to the use of object-oriented programming paradigms, no changes in program architecture other than the definition of new methods are required when porting the knowledge based expert system to be used with other finite-element solvers. The main knowledge base used in the error and problem identification is easily expandable by incorporating error reports from users. A complete system, supporting a wide variety of potential problems, can thus be incrementally assembled by a knowledge engineer. A separate knowledge base can be generated for each finite-element package which is to be supported by the expert system. The problem of usability of the expert system is addressed using hypertext output that can be accessed with state-of-the-art browsers. This technology effects the acceptance, readability and operation of any software tool in a positive way.
PC-Access is a system which combines both hardware and software in order to provide multimodal feedback in a Microsoft Windows graphical interface and within its applications. We propose two versions of PC-Access: on...
ISBN:
(纸本)9780897917766
PC-Access is a system which combines both hardware and software in order to provide multimodal feedback in a Microsoft Windows graphical interface and within its applications. We propose two versions of PC-Access: one which offers sound feedback with an enhanced drawing tablet and another in which tactile stimuli are synthesized by a haptic pointing device. When using the second version, the user will be able to perceive the interface objects (e.g, icons, menus, windows) as well as actions (e.g, moving, re-sizing). Thus, PC-Access offers auditory information (non-verbal sounds and voice synthesis), reinforced by the sense of touch which in turn helps to direct manipulation.
The emergence of the World Wide Web has made it possible for individuals with appropriate computer and telecommunications equipment to interact as never before. An explosion of next-generati...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780897917766
The emergence of the World Wide Web has made it possible for individuals with appropriate computer and telecommunications equipment to interact as never before. An explosion of next-generation information systems are flooding the commercial market. This cyberspace convergence of data, computers, networks, and multimedia presents exciting challenges to interface designers. However, this "new technology frontier" has also created enormous roadblocks and barriers for people with disabilities. This panel will discuss specific issues, suggest potential solutions and solicit contributions required to design an accessible Web interface that includes people with disabilities.
CAISARTS (Conceptual, Analytical, and Implementation Scheduling Advice for Real-Time Systems) is a rule-based system used by real-time application designers to obtain expert assistance for all aspects of the design re...
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CAISARTS (Conceptual, Analytical, and Implementation Scheduling Advice for Real-Time Systems) is a rule-based system used by real-time application designers to obtain expert assistance for all aspects of the design related to scheduling: granularity of tasks, allocation of tasks, choice and analysis of scheduling paradigm, analysis of overheads of particular operating systems and scheduling paradigms, and code templates for tasks. The rule base is partitioned; subsets of the rule base can be selected for firing, thus enabling the user to ask CAISARTS for advice and analysis relevant for different phases of the design. In contrast to existing real-time tools, CAISARTS attempts to cover the entire design process related to scheduling without focusing on, for example, solely schedulability analysis. A unique feature of CAISARTS is that its rule base is extensible by the user-a graphical interface is used to add new rules as new real-time results are identified. Challenges in the design of the initial rule set include how to design and partition the rule base so that it can be both easily modifiable and readily usable by the user in choosing rules to fire; how to encode rules that are inherently contradictory; how to encode ambiguous knowledge; and how to make the rules both comprehensive and precise. The effectiveness of CAISARTS is shown through its use on a representative distributed real-time system scenario with end-to-end constraints.
The proceedings contain 29 papers. The topics discussed include: putting people first: specifying proper names in speech interfaces;reconnaissance support for juggling multiple processing options;laying out and visual...
ISBN:
(纸本)0897916573
The proceedings contain 29 papers. The topics discussed include: putting people first: specifying proper names in speech interfaces;reconnaissance support for juggling multiple processing options;laying out and visualizing large trees using a hyperbolic space;3d widgets for exploratory scientific visualization;powers of ten thousand: navigating in large information spaces;Ramonamap -an example of graphical groupware;ENO: synthesizing structured sound space;an architecture for an extensible 3d interface toolkit;an architecture for transforming graphical interfaces;interactive generation of graphical userinterfaces by multiple visual examples;building distributed, multi-user applications by direct manipulation;PAD++: a zooming graphical interface for exploring alternate interface physics;data visualization sliders;developing calendar visualizers for the information visualizer;translucent patches dissolving windows;and evolutionary learning of graph layout constraints from examples.
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