Grizzly Bear is a new demonstrational tool for specifying userinterface behavior. It can handle multiple application windows, dynamic object instantiation and deletion, changes to any object attribute, and operations...
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Grizzly Bear is a new demonstrational tool for specifying userinterface behavior. It can handle multiple application windows, dynamic object instantiation and deletion, changes to any object attribute, and operations on sets of objects. It enables designers to experiment with rubber-banding, deletion by dragging to a trashcan and many other interactive techniques. To the author's best knowledge it is currently the most complete demonstrational userinterface design tool that does not base its inferencing on rule-based guessing. There are inherent limitations to the range of userinterfaces that can ever be built by demonstration alone. Grizzly Bear is therefore designed to work hand-in-hand with a userinterface specification language called the Elements, Events & Transitions model. As designers demonstrate behavior, they can watch Grizzly Bear incrementally build the corresponding textual specification, letting them learn the language on the fly. They can then apply their knowledge by modifying Grizzly Bear's textual inferences, which reduces the need for repetitive demonstrations and provides an escape mechanism for behavior that cannot be demonstrated.
This report explores the use of visual operators for solids modeling. The focus is on designing interfaces for free-form operators. The visual tools presented not only speed up the process of determining good paramete...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780897917094
This report explores the use of visual operators for solids modeling. The focus is on designing interfaces for free-form operators. The visual tools presented not only speed up the process of determining good parameter values but also provide visual interactions that are either independent of the particular parameterizations or make explicit the effect of the parameterizations. These tools can be manipulated in the same 3D space as the surfaces produced by the operators, supporting quick, interactive exploration of the large design space of these free-form operators. The difficulties in creating a coherent userinterface for interactive modeling are discussed. Finally, four principles are presented for designing visual operators.
We introduce a new genre of userinterface applications that can migrate from one machine to another, taking their userinterface and application contexts with them, and continue from where they left off. Such applica...
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We introduce a new genre of userinterface applications that can migrate from one machine to another, taking their userinterface and application contexts with them, and continue from where they left off. Such applications are not tied to one user or one machine, and can roam freely over the network, rendering service to a community of users, gathering human input and interacting with people. We envisage that this will support many new agent-based collaboration metaphors. The ability to migrate executing programs has applicability to mobile computing as well. users can have their applications travel with them, as they move from one computing environment to another. We present an elegant programming model for creating migratory applications and describe an implementation. The biggest strength of our implementation is that the details of migration are completely hidden from the application programmer;arbitrary userinterface applications can be migrated by a single 'migration' command. We address system issues such as robustness, persistence and memory usage, and also human factors relating to application design, the interaction metaphor and safety.
This panel addresses issues in designing audio-based user interactions for small, personal computing devices, or PDAs. One issue is the nature of interacting with an auditory PDA and the interplay of affordances and f...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780897917094
This panel addresses issues in designing audio-based user interactions for small, personal computing devices, or PDAs. One issue is the nature of interacting with an auditory PDA and the interplay of affordances and form factors. Another issue is how both new and traditional metaphors and interaction concepts might be applied to auditory PDAs. The utility and design of nonspeech cues are discussed, as are the aesthetic issues of persona and narrative in designing sounds. Also discussed are commercially available sound and speech components and related hardware tradeoffs. Finally, the social implications of auditory interactions are explored, including privacy, fashion and novel social interactions.
Development of new auditory interfaces requires the integration of text-to-speech synthesis, digitized audio, and non-speech audio output. This paper describes a tool for specifying speech and non-speech audio feedbac...
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Development of new auditory interfaces requires the integration of text-to-speech synthesis, digitized audio, and non-speech audio output. This paper describes a tool for specifying speech and non-speech audio feedback and its use in the development of a speech interface, Conversational VoiceNotes. Auditory feedback is specified as a context-free grammar, where the basic elements in the grammar can be either words or non-speech sounds. The feedback specification method described here provides the ability to vary the feedback based on the current state of the system, and is flexible enough to allow different feedback for different input modalities (e.g., speech, mouse, buttons). The declarative specification is easily modifiable, supporting an iterative design process.
SpeechSkimmer is an interactive system for quickly browsing and finding information in speech recordings. Skimming speech recordings is much more difficult than visually scanning images, text, or video because of the ...
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SpeechSkimmer is an interactive system for quickly browsing and finding information in speech recordings. Skimming speech recordings is much more difficult than visually scanning images, text, or video because of the slow, linear, temporal nature of the audio channel. The SpeechSkimmer system uses a combination of (1) time compression and pause removal, (2) automatically finding segments that summarize a recording, and (3) interaction techniques, to enable a speech recording to be heard quickly and at several levels of detail. SpeechSkimmer was first presented at UIST '93 [1]. Since that time several important features have been added (see [2]). Most notable is the use of a pitch-based emphasis detection algorithm to automatically find topic introductions and summarizing statements from a recording [3, 4]. This demonstration is presented as a hands-on guide, allowing one to explore the SpeechSkimmer userinterface.
This paper describes Doppler a new, fast algorithm for supporting concurrent, one-way constraints between objects situated in multiple address spaces. Because of their declarative nature, convenience, low amortized co...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780897917094
This paper describes Doppler a new, fast algorithm for supporting concurrent, one-way constraints between objects situated in multiple address spaces. Because of their declarative nature, convenience, low amortized cost, and good match to interface tasks, constraints have been used to support a variety of user-interface activities. Unfortunately, nearly all existing constraint maintenance algorithms are sequential in nature, and cannot function effectively in a concurrent or distributed setting. The Doppler algorithm overcomes these limitations. It is a highly efficient distributed and concurrent algorithm (based on an efficient sequential algorithm for incremental, lazy updates). Doppler relies solely on asynchronous message passing, and does not require shared memory, synchronized clocks, or a global synchronization mechanism. It supports a high degree of concurrency by efficiently tracking potential cause and effect relationships between reads and writes, and allowing all causally independent operations to execute in parallel. This makes it scalable, and optimizes reads and writes by minimizing their blocking time.
Knowing what social activity is occurring within and through a Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) system is often very useful. This is especially true for computer-mediated communication systems such as chat a...
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Knowing what social activity is occurring within and through a Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) system is often very useful. This is especially true for computer-mediated communication systems such as chat and other synchronous applications. People will attend to these systems more closely when they know that there is interesting activity on them. interface mechanisms for indicating social activity, however, are often ad-hoc, if present at all. This paper argues for the importance of displaying social activity as well as proposes a generalized mechanism for doing so. This social activity indication mechanism is built upon a new CSCW toolkit, the Cafe ConstructionKit, and the Cafe ConstructionKit provides a number of important facilities for making construction of these indicators easy and straight-forward. Accordingly, this paper presents both the Cafe ConstructionKit as a CSCW toolkit as well as a mechanism for creating activity indicators.
In this paper, we propose to direct the visual image of a videoconferencing system. Pictures of current videoconferencing systems are often boring. We thought presentation of pictures on TV and in movies should be stu...
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In this paper, we propose to direct the visual image of a videoconferencing system. Pictures of current videoconferencing systems are often boring. We thought presentation of pictures on TV and in movies should be studied to improve videoconferencing. For this purpose, we investigated several debate programs on TV. We classified all the shots into eight classes, and then determined the duration of each shot and the transition probabilities among the classes in order to describe the structure of TV programs. From this, rules to control pictures have been obtained. After that, we made a two-point multi-party videoconferencing system that utilizes the rules. The system includes automated control of changes in camera focus.
Information visualizations must allow users to browse information spaces and focus quickly on items of interest. Navigational techniques which utilize some representation of the entire information space provide contex...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780897917094
Information visualizations must allow users to browse information spaces and focus quickly on items of interest. Navigational techniques which utilize some representation of the entire information space provide context to support more detailed information views. However, the limited number of pixels on the screen makes it difficult to completely display large information spaces. The Information Mural is a two-dimensional, reduced representation of an entire information space that fits entirely within a display window or screen. The mural creates a miniature version of the information space using visual attributes such as grayscale shading, intensity, color, and pixel size, along with anti-aliased compression techniques. Information murals can be used as stand-alone visualizations or in global navigational views.
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