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Eslucent: An Eyelid interface for Detecting Eye Blinking

Eslucent: An Eyelid Interface for Detecting Eye Blinking

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acm International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp) / acm International symposium on Wearable Computers (ISWC)

作者： Luo, Elle Fu, Ruixuan Chu, Alicia Vega, Katia Kao, Hsin-Liu (cindy) Cornell Univ Hybrid Body Lab Ithaca NY 14853 USA Univ Calif Davis Dept Design Davis CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450380775

Eyelid stickers are thin strips that temporarily create a crease when attached to the eyelid. The direct contact with the crease that increases and decreases the pressure on the eyelid sticker provides a novel opportunity for sensing blinking. We present Eslucent, an on-skin wearable capacitive sensing device that affords blink detection, building on the form factor of eyelid stickers. It consists of an art layer, conductive thread, fiber eyelid stickers, coated with conductive liquid, and applied the device onto the eyelid crease with adhesive temporary tattoo paper. Eslucent detects blinks during intentional blinking and four involuntary activities by a falling edge detection algorithm in a user study of 14 participants. The average precision was 82% and recall was 70% while achieving the precision and recall of more than 90% in intentional blinking. By embedding interactive technology into a daily beauty product, Eslucent explores a novel wearable form factor for blink detection.

关键词： On-skin interface wearable computing blink detection fabrication

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XUNI: Virtual Machine Abstraction for Self-contained and Multi-tenant Cloud FPGAs 24

XUNI: Virtual Machine Abstraction for Self-contained and Mul...

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proceedings of the 2024 acm/SIGDA International symposium on Field Programmable Gate Arrays

作者： Zelin Wang Guiyuan Zhu Yunhai Liu Yisong Chang Ke Zhang Mingyu Chen Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China ShanghaiTech University & Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400704185

FPGAs have become essential infrastructural components as well as publicly rentable resources in cloud and datacenters. Although one tenant is equipped with a couple of individual physical FPGA devices to solve a single problem, cloud FPGAs are still underutilized in many scenarios. Considering the economic cost of such heterogeneous computing resources, it is essential to explore opportunities for FPGA virtualization such that multiple tenants can share one physical device. Unlike the conventional host-centric virtualization approaches considering FPGAs as I/O peripherals, we propose XUNI, an FPGA-centric and self-contained virtual machine (VM) abstraction without involving the host-side virtualization techniques. Specifically, we design a hardware-software co-designed hypervisor for resource management and provisioning of various FPGA VMs. First, XUNI partitions the FPGA fabric into a series of reconfigurable regions that can be flexibly assembled for the deployment of large-scale designs. Second, we introduce both static partition and dynamic allocation schemes for FPGA-side DRAM sharing in XUNI. Last but not least, a hierarchical multi-tenant hardware network stack is built to provide an I/O interface for each FPGA VM. We implement XUNI and conduct infrastructural evaluations on a custom cloud FPGA node populated with an AMD/Xilinx Zynq MPSoC chip. Preliminary results demonstrate that XUNI is capable of handling hundreds of thousands of FPGA-VM-initiated memory requests per second. The hardware network stack exhibits line rate (~100Gbps) when receiving packets with the default 1500-byte MTU size. Moreover, each FPGA VM boots up within hundreds of milliseconds, which is comparable to emerging lightweight host-side VMs.

关键词： fpga heterogeneous multi-tenant virtualization

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Characteristics and challenges of low-code development: The practitioners perspective 21

Characteristics and challenges of low-code development: The ...

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15th acm/IEEE International symposium on Empirical software Engineering and Measurement, ESEM 2021

作者： Luo, Yajing Liang, Peng Wang, Chong Shahin, Mojtaba Zhan, Jing School of Computer Science Wuhan University Wuhan China Faculty of Information Technology Monash University Melbourne Australia Department of Computer Science University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Champaign United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450386654

Background: In recent years, Low-code development (LCD) is growing rapidly, and Gartner and Forrester have predicted that the use of LCD is very promising. Giant companies, such as Microsoft, Mendix, and Outsystems have also launched their LCD platforms. Aim: In this work, we explored two popular online developer communities, Stack Overflow (SO) and Reddit, to provide insights on the characteristics and challenges of LCD from a practitioners perspective. Method: We used two LCD related terms to search the relevant posts in SO and extracted 73 posts. Meanwhile, we explored three LCD related subreddits from Reddit and collected 228 posts. We extracted data from these posts and applied the Constant Comparison method to analyze the descriptions, benefits, and limitations and challenges of LCD. For platforms and programming languages used in LCD, implementation units in LCD, supporting technologies of LCD, types of applications developed by LCD, and domains that use LCD, we used descriptive statistics to analyze and present the results. Results: Our findings show that: (1) LCD may provide a graphical user interface for users to drag and drop with little or even no code;(2) the equipment of out-of-The-box units (e.g., APIs and components) in LCD platforms makes them easy to learn and use as well as speeds up the development;(3) LCD is particularly favored in the domains that have the need for automated processes and workflows;and (4) practitioners have conflicting views on the advantages and disadvantages of LCD. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that researchers should clearly define the terms when they refer to LCD, and developers should consider whether the characteristics of LCD are appropriate for their projects. © 2021 IEEE Computer Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graphical user interfaces

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DaxVM: Stressing the Limits of Memory as a File interface 22

DaxVM: Stressing the Limits of Memory as a File Interface

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proceedings of the 55th Annual IEEE/acm International symposium on Microarchitecture

作者： Chloe Alverti Vasileios Karakostas Nikhita Kunati Georgios Goumas Michael Swift National Technical University of Athens University of Athens NVIDIA University of Wisconsin-Madison

ISBN: (纸本)9781665462723

Persistent memory (PMem) is a low-latency storage technology connected to the processor memory bus. The Direct Access (DAX) interface promises fast access to PMem, mapping it directly to processes' virtual address spaces. However, virtual memory operations (e.g., paging) limit its performance and scalability. Through an analysis of Linux/x86 memory mapping, we find that current systems fall short of what hardware can provide due to numerous software inefficiencies stemming from OS assumptions that memory mapping is for *** this paper we propose DaxVM, a design that extends the OS virtual memory and file system layers leveraging persistent memory attributes to provide a fast and scalable DAX-mmap interface. DaxVM eliminates paging costs through pre-populated file page tables, supports faster and scalable virtual address space management for ephemeral mappings, performs unmappings asynchronously, bypasses kernel-space dirty-page tracking support, and adopts asynchronous block pre-zeroing. We implement DaxVM in Linux and the ext4 file system targeting x86-64 architecture. DaxVM mmap achieves 4.9× higher throughput than default mmap for the Apache webserver and up to 1.5× better performance than read system calls. It provides similar benefits for text search. It also provides fast boot times and up to 2.95× better throughput than default mmap for PMem-optimized key-value stores running on a fragmented ext4 image. Despite designed for direct access to byte-addressable storage, various aspects of DaxVM are relevant for efficient access to other high performant storage mediums.

关键词： virtual memory persistent memory file systems

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Handling Fuzzy Spatial Data in R Using the fsr Package 21

Handling Fuzzy Spatial Data in R Using the fsr Package

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29th acm SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems, SIGSPATIAL 2021

作者： Carniel, Anderson Chaves Galdino, Felippe Philippsen, Juliana Strieder Schneider, Markus Federal University of São Carlos Department of Computer Science SP São Carlos Brazil Federal University of Technology - Paraná PR Dois Vizinhos Brazil University of Florida Department of Computer and Information Science and Engineering GainesvilleFL United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450386647

GIS and spatial data science (SDS) tools have been recently approaching each other by establishing bridge technologies between them. R as one of the most prominent programming languages used in SDS projects has been granted access to GIS infrastructure, while R scripts can be integrated and executed in GIS functions. Unfortunately, the treatment of spatial fuzziness has so far not been considered in SDS projects and bridge technologies due to a lack of software packages that can handle fuzzy spatial objects. This paper introduces an R package named fsr as an implementation of the fuzzy spatial data types, operations, and predicates of the Spatial Plateau Algebra that is based on the abstract Fuzzy Spatial Algebra. This R package solves the problem of constructing fuzzy spatial objects as spatial plateau objects from real datasets and describes how to conduct exploratory spatial data analysis by issuing geometric operations and topological predicates on fuzzy spatial objects. Further, fsr provides the possibility of designing fuzzy spatial inference models to discover new findings from fuzzy spatial objects. It optimizes the inference process by deploying the particle swarm optimization to obtain the point locations with the maximum or minimum inferred values that answer a specific user request. © 2021 acm.

关键词： Algebra

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Evaluating a Usability, user Experience and Accessibility Checklist for Assistive Technologies for Deaf people in a Context of Mobile Applications 20

Evaluating a Usability, User Experience and Accessibility Ch...

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19th Brazilian symposium on Human Factors in Computing Systems (IHC)

作者： de Godoi, Tatiany Xavier Garcia, Laura Sanchez Costa Valentim, Natasha Malveira Univ Fed Parana Curitiba Parana Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781450381727

Assistive Technologies (ATs) for Deaf Community are technologies that support Deafs to carry out their daily activities, contributing to their independence and quality of life. However, not all ATs are presented with quality for their users, resulting in abandonment, frustration or incorrect use. To obtain an AT with higher quality, this work presents an AT evaluation technology for Deaf Community, which covers the perspectives of Usability, user eXperience (UX) and Accessibility for mobile devices, entitled Usability, user eXperience, and Accessibility Checklist for Deaf Assistive technology (UUXAC-DAT). UUXAC-DAT aims to support professionals of Information technology (IT) during the assessment of ATs in software development projects. To assess UUXAC-DAT, a case study was carried out, with nine IT professionals. Perceptions of professionals about the ease of use, perceived usefulness and intent for future use of UUXAC-DAT were obtained. All professionals were interviewed and the results were analyzed qualitatively. This paper also presents some improvements in UUXAC-DAT, regarding its structure, description of verification items and presentation.

关键词： Assistive technology Deaf Usability user Experience Accessibility

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Musical and Conversational Artificial Intelligence 20

Musical and Conversational Artificial Intelligence

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25th acm International Conference on Intelligent user interfaces (IUI)

作者： Catania, Fabio De Luca, Giorgio Bombaci, Nicola Colombo, Erica Crovari, Pietro Beccaluva, Eleonora Garzotto, Franca Politecn Milan Milan Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781450375139

Music production software often has complex interfaces and needs the user to know the basic musical know-how. In this paper, we present a conversational agent that allows creating music in a simplified way through voice-based interaction. Indeed, our agent can be configured and customized with simple and natural voice commands. In addition, it has some typically human cognitive skills to produce music: it listens to the user while singing a song and generates a melody by discovering and copying the patterns of her/his human voice. Technologically, the system is empowered by Google Dialogflow for conversation management and uses an advanced technique called abstract melody for music production. This Musical and Conversational Artificial Intelligence is an actual innovation since it does not require any preliminary knowledge about music and, consequently, includes professionals, but also children, beginners, and people with physical disease.

关键词： Conversational technology Conversational interface Sound and music computing Human Computer Interaction

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eduFUSE - A Visualizer for user-Space File Systems 20

eduFUSE - A Visualizer for User-Space File Systems

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25th Conference on Innovation and technology in Computer Science Education

作者： Thompson, Luke Clarke, Joel Sheehan, Robert Univ Auckland Fac Engn Auckland New Zealand Univ Auckland Sch Comp Sci Auckland New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)9781450368742

File systems are a significant topic in operating systems courses and a good understanding of them is important for software developers in order to use them well. One way to give students hands-on experience with the file system layers is via simulation, another way is to create a real file system which works with the operating system. Both of these approaches have difficulties. A user-space file system such as FUSE can solve these difficulties. We have developed eduFUSE, a system which provides a GUI interface to user-space file systems on both Linux and macOS. Not only does this system provide improved visualization and easier information filtering than the standard text based user-space file system tools, but it also provides both a C interface and an improved Java interface so that students can use whichever language they prefer to build a realistic file system in a safe environment. Students with experience of standard FUSE rated the GUI interface well above that of the traditional system.

关键词： Pedagogical tool visualization user-space file system

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App Coronavirus-SUS: An Evalution Using the Ergonomic Criteria of Usability 20

App Coronavirus-SUS: An Evalution Using the Ergonomic Criter...

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19th Brazilian symposium on Human Factors in Computing Systems (IHC)

作者： Milczuk, Samuel Stephan Pereira, Roberto Boscarioli, Clodis Univ Estadual Oeste Parana Cascavel Parana Brazil Univ Fed Parana UFPR Curitiba Parana Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781450381727

The Ergonomic Criteria for Usability by Christian Bastien and Dominique Scapin are a set of ergonomic standards that graphic user interface must present. Popular in the 90s, the criteria are not aimed at mobile devices, motivating this research to apply these criteria to see their suitability for new scenarios of hardware and software. As a firts step towards revisiting the Ergonomic Criteria, we present results and discussions from an evaluation activity where the criteria were applied to evaluate the Coronavirus-SUS, an application developed to inform Brazilian population about the COVID-19 pandemic situation. Because the application's target audience is the entire Brazilian population, many different issues can be experienced and must be considered. Results reveal several critical problems that may affect the application understanding and usage, and suggest the criteria are able to support usability evaluation in mobile contexts, although a need for revisiting and updating the criteria was identified.

关键词： Ergonomic Evaluation of Usability user Experience Evaluation for Mobile Devices

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Influence of environmental conditions in the performance of open-source software for facial expression recognition 20

Influence of environmental conditions in the performance of ...

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19th Brazilian symposium on Human Factors in Computing Systems (IHC)

作者： Aranha, Renan Vinicius Casaes, Andre Biondi Nunes, Fatima L. S. Univ Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781450381727

The automatic and real-time recognition of the user's emotional state is a feature that can provide benefits for different areas of Human-Computer Interaction. The scientific literature presents several techniques that can be used to recognize the user's emotional state. However, many techniques involve the use of sensors that can result in financial costs and cause discomfort to the user. In this scenario, the recognition of the emotional state through the analysis of facial expressions presents itself as a useful and practical approach, since it does not involve the use of sensors attached to the user's body and executed in different types of devices. Despite these advantages, software that allow the analysis of facial expressions for free are still incipient, and performance evaluation of this type of software usually is not available. In order to contribute to this context and assist researchers who need this type of software, this study presents a comparative analysis of two open-source emotion recognition software ("CLMTrackr" and "***") simulating different environmental conditions related to lighting and distance. Considering images from two datasets, we generate 8675 videos simulating 25 different environmental conditions. Our results indicate that the environmental conditions did not cause major impacts on the accuracy of the software, and CLMTrackr and ***, presented, respectively, 28% and 64% of average accuracy.

关键词： emotion emotion recognition affective computing

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