Virtual Reality allows rapid prototyping and simulation of physical artefacts, which would be difficult and expensive to perform otherwise. On the other hand, when the design process is complex and involves multiple s...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781450355483
Virtual Reality allows rapid prototyping and simulation of physical artefacts, which would be difficult and expensive to perform otherwise. On the other hand, when the design process is complex and involves multiple stakeholders, decisions are taken in meetings hosted in the physical world. In the case of aerospace industrial designs, the process is accelerated by having asymmetric collaboration between the two locations: experts discuss the possibilities in a meeting room while a technician immersed in VR tests the selected alternatives. According to experts, the current approach is not without limitations, and in this work, we present prototypes designed to tackle them. The described artefacts were created to address the main issues: awareness of the remote location, remote interaction and manipulation, and navigation between locations. First feedback from experts regarding the prototypes is also presented. The resulting design considerations can be used in other asymmetric collaborative scenarios.
Integer errors in C/C++ are caused by arithmetic operations yielding results which are unrepresentable in certain type. They can lead to serious safety and security issues. Due to the complicated semantics of C/C++ in...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781538626849
Integer errors in C/C++ are caused by arithmetic operations yielding results which are unrepresentable in certain type. They can lead to serious safety and security issues. Due to the complicated semantics of C/C++ integers, integer errors are widely harbored in real-world programs and it is errorprone to repair them even for experts. An automatic tool is desired to 1) automatically generate fixes which assist developers to correct the buggy code, and 2) provide sufficient hints to help developers review the generated fixes and better understand integer types in C/C++. In this paper, we present a tool IntPTI that implements the desired functionalities for C programs. IntPTI infers appropriate types for variables and expressions to eliminate representation issues, and then utilizes the derived types with fix patterns codified from the successful human-written patches. IntPTI provides a user-friendly web interface which allows users to review and manage the fixes. We evaluate IntPTI on 7 real-world projects and the results show its competitive repair accuracy and its scalability on large code bases. The demo video for IntPTI is available at: https://***/9Tgd4A_FgZM.
Gesture training, especially for technical gestures, requires supervisors to point out errors made by trainees. Virtual reality (VR) makes it possible to reduce reliance on supervisors (fewer interventions and of shor...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781450355483
Gesture training, especially for technical gestures, requires supervisors to point out errors made by trainees. Virtual reality (VR) makes it possible to reduce reliance on supervisors (fewer interventions and of shorter duration) and to reduce the length of training, using extrinsic feedback that provides training or learning assistance using different modalities (visual, auditory, and haptic). Visual feedback has received much attention in recent decades. users can be guided by a metaphor in a virtual environment. This metaphor may be a 3D trace of canonical movements, a visual cue pointing in the right direction, or gestures by an avatar that the trainee must mimic. However, with many kinds of feedback, trainees are not aware of their errors while performing gestures. Our hypothesis is that guiding users with a dynamic metaphor based on the visualization of errors will reduce these errors and improve performance. To this end, in a previous work we designed and implemented a new 3D metaphor called EBAGG to guide users in real time. In the present paper we evaluate EBAGG in relation to two other visual cues: first, a feedforward technique that displays the trace of a reference movement, and, second, a concurrent orientation feedback. The results of the user study show that EBAGG outperformed the others in improving users' performances over a training session. Moreover, the information assimilated during training with this dynamic feedback had a persistent effect when the metaphor was no longer displayed.
To keep mobile devices secure, experts recommend turning on auto-updates for applications, but recent research has suggested that users often avoid auto-updating because updates can lead to undesirable consequences su...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781931971393
To keep mobile devices secure, experts recommend turning on auto-updates for applications, but recent research has suggested that users often avoid auto-updating because updates can lead to undesirable consequences such as userinterface changes or compatibility issues. Understanding whether there are commonalities amongst users who avoid auto-updates can help us create better mobile application updating interfaces. However, little is known about how users' characteristics associate with their attitudes towards auto-updating their mobile applications, or how we can leverage these characteristics to encourage users to auto-update these applications to improve security. In this paper, by surveying Android users, we establish how users' past experiences with software updating, and users' psychometric traits differentiate those users who avoid application auto-updates from those who do them, as well as users' preferences towards auto-updating their applications. Our findings reveal that users who avoid application auto-updates are more likely to have had past negative experiences with software updating, tend to take fewer risks, and display greater proactive security awareness. users' perceived level of trust with mobile applications also determined how comfortable they are auto-updating these applications. Based on these findings, we recommend how Android can improve the design of application update systems to encourage users to auto-update and keep their devices secure.
Agile Development values working software over documentation. Therefore, in maintenance stages of existing software, the source code is the sole software artifact that developers have for analyzing the viability and i...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781450351058
Agile Development values working software over documentation. Therefore, in maintenance stages of existing software, the source code is the sole software artifact that developers have for analyzing the viability and impact of a new user story. Since functionality is often spread in hundreds of lines of code, it is hard for the developer to understand the system, which may lead to under-/overestimation of the new feature cost and rework/delays in the subsequent phases of development. In a previous work, we proposed a Model-Driven Reverse Engineering approach for obtaining software visualizations from source code. Two case studies of comprehension of applications written in statically typed languages have shown the applicability of this approach. A recent experience with an industrial partner, where the systems are developed on dynamically typed languages, has motivated us to adapt the previous proposal to take as input not only the source code but also the application data schema to complete the information that is missing in the code, and then automatically generate more meaningful diagrams that help developers in maintenance tasks. In this article, we present the adaptation of the general approach to support data schema as an additional input and its instrumentation in an industrial case study where the technology is Ruby on Rails. The paper ends by explaining the precision and performance of the instrumentation when used in a Colombian company as well as lessons learned.
We present an approach for dynamically reconfiguring the role-based access control (RBAC) of information systems running business processes, to protect them against insider threats. The new approach uses business proc...
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The capacity of IEEE 802.11p communication in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) is widely sensitive to the tradeoff between control channel (CCH) and service channels (SCHs), which is particularly obvious in the diff...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781450356145
The capacity of IEEE 802.11p communication in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) is widely sensitive to the tradeoff between control channel (CCH) and service channels (SCHs), which is particularly obvious in the different traffic flow condition. This paper proposes a hybrid multichannel scheduling algorithm with FPGA and traffic flow forecasting based on Kalman Filter (HMS-FFK) according to the extended SCH access mechanism mentioned in IEEE 1609.4 protocol. In HMS-FFK, a Random CCH Transmission Request Probability is defined to describe the CCH message congestion probability according to the local traffic flow density. Then, a hardware prototype of MAC sublayer management entities (MLME) based on HMS-FFK scheduling (MLME-HMS) is designed with FPGA, which is flexible to be integrated in the 802.11p communication system by the PCI interface. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed scheme and hardware prototype of MLME are able to help IEEE 1609.4 MAC to optimize the throughput of SCHs and reduce the transmission delay of CCH in the different traffic flow condition.
Virtual Reality environments are able to offer natural interaction metaphors. However, it is difficult to accurately place virtual objects in the desired position and orientation using gestures in mid-air. Previous re...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781450355483
Virtual Reality environments are able to offer natural interaction metaphors. However, it is difficult to accurately place virtual objects in the desired position and orientation using gestures in mid-air. Previous research concluded that the separation of degrees-of-freedom (DOF) can lead to better results, but these benefits come with an increase in time when performing complex tasks, due to the additional number of transformations required. In this work, we assess whether custom transformation axes can be used to achieve the accuracy of DOF separation without sacrificing completion time. For this, we developed a new manipulation technique, MAiOR, which offers translation and rotation separation, supporting both 3-DOF and 1-DOF manipulations, using personalized axes for the latter. Additionally, it also has direct 6-DOF manipulation for coarse transformations, and scaled object translation for increased placement. We compared MAiOR against an exclusively 6-DOF approach and a widget-based approach with explicit DOF separation. Results show that, contrary to previous research suggestions, single DOF manipulations are not appealing to users. Instead, users favored 3-DOF manipulations above all, while keeping translation and rotation independent.
user interaction (UI) design is an important task in the development of software applications: in fact the success of the application itself, as well as the business behind it, is strongly related to the user experien...
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user interaction (UI) design is an important task in the development of software applications: in fact the success of the application itself, as well as the business behind it, is strongly related to the user experience. Unfortunately, designers can obtain realistic feedback from users about their actual expectations only at runtime, by analyzing the user behavior over the final application. A possible solution to this problem is to integrate the user feedback in the design phase, for example through A/B split testing, which allows to test the effectiveness of different variants of the application interface. However, so far A/B testing has been addressed only through manual coding and a-posteriori refactoring based on the analysis of the results. Model-driven development may enable the integration of such techniques with runtime log analysis and design-time application specifications. Unfortunately, creating new alternatives in the model usually corresponds to a combinatorial explosion of the application versions, making the testing hard to manage. In this paper, we propose a model-driven approach that enables to denote design alternatives in a compact way by adopting a model for uncertainty, integrated with a model for the user interaction design. Thus, the multiple possibilities can be represented by a single user interaction model (i.e., IFML model) from which a single software application will be generated, including all the variations that need to be evaluated. Uncertainty can then be solved by integrating the results of user behavior analysis (for instance, over the application logs of a web site). Thanks to this, our approach considerably reduces the costs of the user interaction optimization.
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