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proceedings of the acm on computer graphics and interactive techniques

作者： Wang, Stephanie Ding, Mengyuan Gast, Theodore F. Zhu, Leyi Gagniere, Steven Jiang, Chenfanfu Teran, Joseph M. University of California Los Angeles United States JIXIE EFFECTS United States University of Science and Technology of China China University of Pennsylvania United States

We present novel techniques for simulating and visualizing ductile fracture with the Material Point Method (MPM). We utilize traditional particle-based MPM [Stomakhin et al. 2013; Sulsky et al. 1994] as well as the Lagrangian energy formulation of [Jiang et al. 2015] that utilizes a tetrahedron mesh, rather than particle-based estimation of the deformation gradient and potential energy. We model failure and fracture via elastoplasticity with damage. Material is elastic until its deformation exceeds a Rankine or von Mises yield condition, at which point we use a softening model that shrinks the yield surface until a damage threshold is reached. Once damaged, the material Lamé coefficients are modified to represent failed material. We design visualization techniques for rendering the boundary of the material and its intersections with evolving crack surfaces. Our approach uses a simple and efficient element splitting strategy for tetrahedron meshes to represent crack surfaces that utilizes an extrapolation technique based on the MPM simulation. For traditional particle-based MPM we use an initial Delaunay tetrahedralization to connect randomly initialized MPM particles. Our visualization technique is a post-process and can be run after the MPM simulation for efficiency. We demonstrate our method with a number of challenging simulations of ductile failure with considerable and persistent self-contact. © 2019 Association for Computing Machinery.

关键词： Ductile fracture Cracks Deformation Elasticity Fracture Geometry Plasticity Potential energy Visualization Deformation gradients Delaunay tetrahedralization Ductile Extrapolation techniques Material point methods Simulation and visualizations Visualization technique Von Mises yield condition

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Random access techniques for data transmission over packet-switched radio channels 75

Random access techniques for data transmission over packet-s...

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1975 National computer Conference AFIPS 1975

作者： Kleinrock, Leonard Tobagi, Fouad University of California Los AngelesCA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450379199

Terminal access to computer systems has long been and continues to be a problem of major significance. We foresee an increasing demand for access to data processing and storage facilities from interactive terminals, point-of-sales terminals, real-time monitoring terminals, hand-held personal terminals, etc. What is it that distinguishes this problem from other data communication problems? It is simply that these terminals tend to generate demands at a very low duty cycle and are basically bursty sources of data; in addition, these terminals are often geographically distributed. In the computer-to-computer data transmission case, one often sees high utilization of the communication channels; this is just not the case with terminal traffic. Consequently, the cost of providing a dedicated channel to each terminal is often prohibitive. Instead, one seeks ways to merge the traffic from many terminal sources in a way which allows them to share the capacity of one or a few channels, thereby reducing the total cost. This cost savings comes about for two reasons: first, because of the economies of scale present in the communications tariff structure; and secondly, because of the averaging effect of large populations which permit one to provide a channel whose capacity is approximately equal to the sum of the average demands of the population, rather than equal to the sum of the peak demands (i.e., the law of large numbers). This merging of traffic and sharing of capacity has been accomplished in various ways such as: polling techniques, contention systems, multiplexing, concentrating, etc. Many of these are only weak solutions to the problem of gathering low data rate traffic from sources which are geographically dispersed.

关键词： computers

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Topic-based index partitions for efficient and effective selective search

Topic-based index partitions for efficient and effective sel...

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8th Workshop on Large-Scale Distributed Systems for Information Retrieval 2010, LSDS-IR 2010 - Co-located with acm SIGIR 2010

作者： Kulkarni, Anagha Callan, Jamie Language Technologies Institute School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University 5000 Forbes Ave. Pittsburgh PA 15213 United States

Indexes for large collections are often divided into shards that are distributed across multiple computers and searched in parallel to provide rapid interactive search. Typically, all index shards are searched for each query. This paper investigates document allocation policies that permit searching only a few shards for each query (selective search) without sacrificing search quality. Three types of allocation policies (random, source-based and topic-based) are studied. Kmeans clustering is used to create topic-based shards. We manage the computational cost of applying these techniques to large datasets by defining topics on a subset of the collection. Experiments with three large collections demonstrate that selective search using topic-based shards reduces search costs by at least an order of magnitude without reducing search accuracy. Copyright © 2010 for the individual papers by the papers' authors.

关键词： Information retrieval

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Jam-O-Drum interactive music system: A study in interaction design

Proceedings of the Conference on Designing Interactive Syste...

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proceedings of the Conference on Designing interactive Systems: Processes, Practices, Methods, and techniques, DIS 2000年 165-173页

作者： Blaine, Tina Perkis, Tim RhythMix Cultural Works Oakland United States

This paper will describe the multi-user interactive music system known as the Jam-O-Drum developed at Interval Research Corporation. By combining velocity sensitive input devices and computer graphics imagery into an integrated tabletop surface, up to six simultaneous players are able to participate in a collaborative approach to musical improvisation. We demonstrate that this interactive music system embraces both the novice and musically trained participants by taking advantage of their intuitive abilities and social interaction skills. In this paper and accompanying video, we present conclusions from user testing of this device along with examples of interaction design methods and prototypes of interpretive musical and game-like development schemes. Our research was conducted in two phases with two different development teams and will accordingly be addressed herein as Phase One and Phase Two development.

关键词： interactive computer systems

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Choosing effective colours for data visualization 96

Choosing effective colours for data visualization

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IEEE Conference on Visualization

作者： C.G. Healey Department of Computer Science University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9780897918640

We describe a technique for choosing multiple colours for use during data visualization. Our goal is a systematic method for maximizing the total number of colours available for use, while still allowing an observer to rapidly and accurately search a display for any one of the given colours. Previous research suggests that we need to consider three separate effects during colour selection: colour distance, linear separation, and colour category. We describe a simple method for measuring and controlling all of these effects. Our method was tested by performing a set of target identification studies; we analysed the ability of thirty eight observers to find a colour target in displays that contained differently coloured background elements. Results showed our method can be used to select a group of colours that will provide good differentiation between data elements during data visualization.

关键词： Data visualization computer displays computer graphics computer science Ergonomics Guidelines Military computing Testing Performance evaluation Performance analysis

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Actors, hairdos & videotape—informance design 94

Actors, hairdos & videotape—informance design

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Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems

作者： Colin Burns Eric Dishman William Verplank Bud Lassiter Interval Research Corp. 1801 Page Mill Rd. Palo Alto California and Computer Related Design Royal College of Art London SW7 2EU England Interval Research Corp. 1801 Page Mill Rd. Palo Alto California

No abstract available.

ISBN: (纸本)9780897916516

No abstract available.

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The Multimedia Forum Kiosk and SpeakEasy 95

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acm International Conference on Multimedia

作者： Christopher M. Hoadley Sherry Hsi Benjamin P. Berman Graduate Group in Science and Mathematics Education (SESAME) 4533 Tolman Hall # 1670 University of California at Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720-1670 USA

The Multimedia Forum Kiosk (MFK) and its networked version SpeakEasy are discussion tools designed to facilitate scientific discourse and constructive conversation. These tools are of theoretical interest because they... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)0201877740

关键词： computer-supported collaborative work Groupware Educational technology World-wide web Communication Educational Technology Groupware computer supported cooperative work Communication Research MULTI-MEDIA SYSTEM Social Environment

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Framework for real time cloud rendering

Framework for real time cloud rendering

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International Conference on computer graphics, Imaging and Visualization, CGIV

作者： M.A. Rana M.S. Sunar M.N.N. Hayat S. Kari A. Bade Department of Computer Graphics and Multimedia Faculty of Computer Science and Information System University Technology of Malaysia Skudai Johor Malaysia

computer graphics (CG) is a key technology for producing visual contents. Currently computer generated imagery techniques are being developed and applied, particularly in the field of virtual reality applications, film production, training and flight simulators, to provide total composition of realistic computer graphic images. Clouds are an integral feature of the sky without them synthetic outdoor scenes seems unrealistic. Modeling and animating clouds is a difficult task. Most systems are difficult to use, as they require adjustment of numerous, complex parameters, and are noninteractive. This paper presents an intuitive, interactive system to artistically model, animate, and render visually convincing clouds using modern graphics hardware. A high-level interface models clouds through the visual use of cubes. Clouds are rendered as textured billboards by making use of hardware accelerated API - OpenGL. The resulting interactive design and rendering system produces perceptually convincing cloud models that can be used in any interactive system.

关键词： Clouds Rendering (computer graphics) computer graphics Animation interactive systems Hardware Character generation Image generation Virtual reality Application software

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UNIVERSAL computer AIDED INSTRUCTION SYSTEM.

UNIVERSAL COMPUTER AIDED INSTRUCTION SYSTEM.

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proceedings of NECC/5, National Education Computing Conference 1983.

作者： Dietz, Henry Gordon Juels, Ronald J. Polytechnic Inst of New York Farmingdale NY USA Polytechnic Inst of New York Farmingdale NY USA

ISBN: (纸本)0818600500

PILE, the Polytechnic Instructional Language for Educators, is a consistent universal language designed to provide a simple, yet versatile, language that non-computer-oriented teachers can use to prepare computer aided instruction (CAI) lessons. Developed under a grant from the Initial Teaching Alphabet Foundation, PILE supports the Initial Teaching Alphabet (and other character sets), graphics, and audio cues;further, PILE is designed to operate efficiently in microcomputer systems currently available and to be portable across vastly different hardware and software systems. However, the most important aspect of PILE is that it encourages more sophisticated use by hiding details of implementation, unlike Pilot which is simple by excluding abilities that do not have obvious implementations. This paper discusses the techniques used in PILE to achieve simplicity without sacrificing ability or portability.

关键词： EDUCATION

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Minion: An environment to organize mathematical problem solving 89

Minion: An environment to organize mathematical problem solv...

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1989 acm-SIGSAM International Symposium on Symbolic and Algebraic Computation, ISSAC 1989

作者： Purtilo, James M. Computer Science Department University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0897913256

Existing computer algebra systems relieve us of having to perform tedious mathematical computations manually, thus enabling us to gain insight on the abstract problems at hand. Often these systems suggest alternate solution techniques directly. However, existing systems do little to help us manage the interactive computing environment as the scale of the problem grows: when the number of mathematical objects being studied increases, the complexity for a user to manage those objects in his environment seems to grow disproportionately. We need tools to relieve us of tedious organizational overhead every bit as much as we need the mathematical tools *** response to this need, we are constructing a management assistant that works in conjunction with existing symbolic computation systems. Called Minion, it allows users to express simple plans for solving large problems in the interactive environment, and then guides the user's interaction according to that plan. Key features of this assistant are that plans are easy to construct (whether statically or during the problem solving session); the assistant helps a user visualize progress towards solving the global problem; and individual steps within a plan can be executed by arbitrary software tools, whether symbolic-, numeric- or logic-based in their *** prototype of Minion is made possible by the Polylith software interconnection system [Purt85, Purt88]. Previously we showed how Polylith's general software tool-bus based organization could help overcome the so-called 'symbolic-numeric gap' [Purt86]. Our current work with Minion takes advantage of that interconnection technology in order to focus on the management problems inherent within large scale, mathematical problem solving *** paper briefly portrays the organizational problem that must be treated, and motivates the need for structure management tools in mathematical problem solving environments. We detail features of our Minion proto

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