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15th International Conference on World Wide Web

作者： Sun, Zan Mahmud, Jalal Mukherjee, Saikat Ramakrishnan, I.V. Department of Computer Science Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11794 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1595933239

Online transactions (e.g., buying a book on the Web) typically involve a number of steps spanning several pages. Conducting such transactions under constrained interaction modalities as exemplified by small screen handhelds or interactive speech interfaces - the primary mode of communication for visually impaired individuals - is a strenuous, fatigue-inducing activity. But usually one needs to browse only a small fragment of a Web page to perform a transactional step such as a form fillout, selecting an item from a search results list, etc. We exploit this observation to develop an automata-based process model that delivers only the "relevant" page fragments at each transactional step, thereby reducing information overload on such narrow interaction bandwidths. We realize this model by coupling techniques from content analysis of Web documents, automata learning and statistical classification. The process model and associated techniques have been incorporated into Guide-O, a prototype system that facilitates online transactions using speech/keyboard interface (Guide-O-Speech), or with limited-display size handhelds (Guide-O-Mobile). Performance of Guide-O and its user experience are reported.

关键词： Online systems

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Reducing energy consumption of smartphones using user-perceived response time analysis 14

Reducing energy consumption of smartphones using user-percei...

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15th Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications, HotMobile 2014

作者： Song, Wook Sung, Nosub Chun, Byung-Gon Kim, Jihong Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul National University Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9781450327428

We propose a novel power optimization framework based on user-perceived response time analysis. Unlike most existing power optimization approaches, our framework takes explicit account of the quality of user experience into applying low-power techniques. We divide an execution of a given user-interactive session into two intervals, one where the system response time directly affects user experience and the other where the system response time does not affect user experience. For the user-oblivious response time interval, our framework allows more aggressive applications of low-power techniques for a higher energy efficiency. In order to identify the user-perceived response time of smartphone applications during run time, we developed an on-line user-perceived response time analyzer (ura) for Android-based smartphones. Based on the analysis result of ura, our proposed power optimization framework employs more aggressive low-power techniques in the user-oblivious interval. Our experimental results on a smartphone development board show that the proposed technique can reduce the CPU energy consumption by up to 65.6% over the Android's default ondemand cpufreq governor.

关键词： Smartphones

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Study of shot length and motion as contributing factors to movie tempo (poster session) 00

Study of shot length and motion as contributing factors to m...

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proceedings of the eighth acm international conference on Multimedia

作者： Brett Adams Chitra Dorai Svetha Venkatesh Department of Computer Science Curtin University of Technology GPO Box U1987 Perth 6845 W. Australia IBM T. J. Watson Research Center P.O. Box 704 Yorktown Heights New York Department of Computer Science Curtin University of Technology GPO Box U1987 Perth 6845 W. Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781581131987

This work seeks to lay the framework of film grammar over the video to be analysed. We use the shot attributes of motion and shot length to produce a novel continuous measure of one of the aesthetic elements of films, namely the movie tempo. We refer to our previous work detailing the study of this construct and its automatic derivation, and also demonstrating its usefulness as an expressive element and as a sound basis for higher semantic descriptions such as dramatic events and story elements. Initial assessment of tempo was performed in our study on the basis that the relative importance of both shot length and motion in formulating the tempo function was the same. In this paper, we analyze their relative contributions to tempo, and demonstrate how these two factors can be manipulated to influence audience perception of movie time.

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UniCam - 2D gestural camera controls for 3D environments

Proceedings of the Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics

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proceedings of the Symposium on interactive 3D graphics 1999年 169-173页

作者： Zeleznik, Robert Forsberg, Andrew Brown Univ Providence RI United States

We present a novel approach to controlling a virtual 3D camera with a 2D mouse or stylus input device that is based on gestural interaction. Our approach to 3D camera manipulation, UniCam, requires only a single-button stylus or mouse to directly invoke specific camera operations within a single 3D view. No 2D widgets or keyboard modifiers are necessary. By gesturally invoking all camera functionality, UniCam reduces the modal nature of typical desktop 3D graphics applications, since remaining mouse or stylus buttons can be used for other application functionality. In addition, the particular choice and refinement of UniCam controls efficiently enables a wide range of camera manipulation tasks, including translation in three-dimensions, orbiting about a point, animated focusing on an object surface, animated navigation around an object, zooming in upon a region, and saving and restoring viewpoints, UniCam's efficiency derives primarily from improved transitions between techniques and to a lesser degree from adaptations of existing techniques. Although we have conducted no formal user evaluations, UniCam is the result of years of iterative development with approximately one hundred users. During this time more conventional modifier key and menu-based implementations were implemented and either refined or rejected. Informally, users appear to require a few hours of training to become proficient with UniCam controls, but then typically choose them almost exclusively even when widget-based controls, such as those provided by an Inventor viewer, are simultaneously available.

关键词： interactive computer graphics

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Rapid selection of hard-to-access targets by thumb on mobile touch-screens 13

Rapid selection of hard-to-access targets by thumb on mobile...

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15th International Conference on Human-computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services, MobileHCI 2013

作者： Yu, Neng-Hao Huang, Da-Yuan Hsu, Jia-Jyun Hung, Yi-Ping Department of Computer Science Master Program of Digital Contents Technologies National Chengchi University Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781450322737

Current touch-based UIs commonly employ regions near the corners and/or edges of the display to accommodate essential functions. As the screen size of mobile phones is ever increasing, such regions become relatively distant from the thumb and hard to reach for single-handed use. In this paper, we present two techniques: CornerSpace and BezelSpace, designed to accommodate quick access to screen targets outside the thumb's normal interactive range. Our techniques automatically determine the thumb's physical comfort zone and only require minimal thumb movement to reach distant targets on the edge of the screen. A controlled experiment shows that BezelSpace is significantly faster and more accurate. Moreover, both techniques are application-independent, and instantly accommodate either hand, left or right. © 2013 acm.

关键词： interaction techniques mobile devices one-handed interaction thumb-based interaction touch-screens

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interactive film and the multiplied self

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computers in Entertainment 2008年第3期6卷

作者： Danylak, Roman Edmonds, Ernest Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology Creativity and Cognition Studios University of Technology PO Box 123 Broadway Sydney NSW 2001 Australia

interactive film, delivered by computational processes, collapses the self;the singular, personal identity to which we have become accustomed is challenged by the adoption of many selves, transforming our primary experience of identity. The new medium presents us with narrative multiplicity, so that we are no longer just John Smith, our namesake. The combination of separate, unique, historically-evolved representational techniques, defined as counterfeit, production, and simulation, makes the creation of a multiplied self possible in a digitized environment. This paper will focus on Spielberg's film Catch Me if You Can, whose narrative describes the actions of its game-playing protagonist, Frank Abagnale Jr., who exemplifies the emerging digital man. He creates many personas in a predigital world by means of the three techniques of representation. His art is shown to be a precursor of interactive film, turning the world into a game of interchangeable multiple personalities. Manipulating and adopting screen media communication artefacts, Frank Abagnale Jr. creates an analogue of human-computer multimedia interaction. A comparison of similar innovations and their effects in earlier historical periods of media is also included. © 2008 acm.

关键词： interactive computer graphics

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Hierarchical B-spline refinement

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computer graphics (acm) 1988年第4期22卷 205-212页

作者： Forsey, David R. Bartels, Richard H. Univ of Waterloo Canada

Refinement is usually advocated as a means of gaining finer control over a spline curve or surface during editing. For curves, refinement is a local process. It permits the change of control vertices and subsequent editing of fine detail in one region of the curve while leaving control vertices in other regions unaffected. For tensor-product surfaces, however, refinement is not local in the sense that it causes control vertices far from a region of interest to change as well as changing the control vertices that influence the region. However, with some care and understanding it is possible to restrict the influence of refinement to the locality at which an editing effect is desired. We present a method of localizing the effect of refinement through the use of overlays, which are hierarchically controlled subdivisions. We also introduce two editing techniques that are effective when using overlays: one is direct surface manipulation through the use of edit points and the other is offset referencing of control vertices.

关键词： computer graphics

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Haptic sculpting of volumetric implicit functions

Haptic sculpting of volumetric implicit functions

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Pacific Conference on computer graphics and Applications

作者： Jing Hua Hong Qin Department of Computer Science State University of New York Stony Brook Stony Brook NY USA

ISBN: (纸本)0769512275

Implicit functions characterized by the zero-set of polynomial-based algebraic equations and other commonly-used analytic equations are extremely powerful in graphics, geometric design, and visualization. But the potential of implicit functions is yet to be fully realized due to the lack of flexible and interactive design techniques. The paper presents a haptic sculpting system founded upon scalar trivariate B-spline functions. All the solids sculpted in our environment are semi-algebraic sets of volumetric implicit functions. We develop a large variety of sculpting toolkits equipped with an intuitive haptic interface to facilitate the direct manipulation of implicit functions in real-time. To facilitate multiresolution editing and different levels of details, we employ three techniques: hierarchical B-splines, CSG-based functional composition, and knot insertion. Our experiments demonstrate that our algorithms and haptics-based techniques can greatly overcome the modeling difficulties associated with implicit functions. The novel modeling techniques and their haptics-based design principle are extensible to the design of arbitrary implicit functions.

关键词： Haptic interfaces Equations Spline Solid modeling Polynomials Shape control Virtual environment computer science computer graphics Visualization

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A GPU Algorithm for Detecting Strongly Connected Components 23

A GPU Algorithm for Detecting Strongly Connected Components

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2023 International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis, SC 2023

作者： Alabandi, Ghadeer Sands, William Biros, George Burtscher, Martin Department of Computer Science Texas State University San MarcosTX United States Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798400701092

Detecting strongly connected components (SCCs) is an important step in various graph computations. The fastest GPU and CPU implementations from the literature work well on graphs where most of the vertices belong to a single SCC and the vertex degrees follow a power-law distribution. However, these algorithms can be slow on the mesh graphs used in certain radiative transfer simulations, which have a nearly constant vertex degree and can have significant variability in the number and size of SCCs. We introduce ECL-SCC, an SCC detection algorithm that addresses these shortcomings. Our approach is GPU friendly and employs innovative techniques such as maximum ID propagation and edge removal. On an A100 GPU, ECL-SCC performs on par with the fastest prior GPU code on power-law graphs and outperforms it by 7.8× on mesh graphs. Moreover, ECL-SCC running on the GPU outperforms fast parallel CPU code by three orders of magnitude on meshes. © 2023 acm.

关键词： graphics processing unit

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ISpace: interactive volume data classification techniques using independent component analysis

ISpace: interactive volume data classification techniques us...

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Pacific Conference on computer graphics and Applications

作者： I. Takanashi E.B. Lum Kwan-Liu Ma S. Muraki Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Information Technology Research and Development Center Japan CIPIC University of California Davis CA USA CIPIC & Department of Computer Science University of California Davis USA National Institute for Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Tsukuba Japan

This paper introduces an interactive classification technique for volume data, called ISpace, which uses Independent Component Analysis (ICA) and a multidimensional histogram of the volume data in a transformed space. Essentially, classification in the volume domain becomes equivalent to interactive clipping in the ICA space, which as demonstrated using several examples is more intuitive and direct for the user to classify data. The result is an opacity transfer function defined for rendering multivariate scalar volume data.

关键词： Independent component analysis Transfer functions Image segmentation Space technology Histograms Biomedical imaging Data visualization Rendering (computer graphics) Biological materials Information technology

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