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7th International Conference on Big Data and computing, ICBDC 2022

ISBN: (纸本)9781450396097

The proceedings contain 20 papers. The topics discussed include: a multi-head attention mechanism base multi-dimensional data quality evaluation model;regional water resources allocation based on fuzzy data mining;traffic data prediction with geometric algebra spatial-temporal attention neural network;research on intelligent recommendation of science and technology resource data based on semantic intelligence analysis;an improved flower pollination algorithm based on logistic chaotic mapping and natural mutation;traffic congestion propagation prediction based on multi-vector deep neural networks;an improved bat algorithm for solving nonlinear algebraic systems of equations;and future of artificial intelligence and machine learning in marketing 4.0.

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PigV2: Monitoring Pig Vital Signs through Ground Vibrations Induced by Heartbeat and Respiration 20

PigV2: Monitoring Pig Vital Signs through Ground Vibrations ...

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20th acm Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor systems, SenSys 2022

作者： Dong, Yiwen Codling, Jesse R Rohrer, Gary Miles, Jeremy Sharma, Sudhendu Brown-Brandl, Tami Zhang, Pei Noh, Hae Young Stanford University United States University of Michigan United States Usda University of Nebraska-Lincoln United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450398862

Pig vital sign monitoring (e.g., estimating the heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR)) is essential to understand the stress level of the sow and detect the onset of parturition. It helps to maximize peri-natal survival and improve animal well-being in swine production. The existing approach mainly relies on manual measurement, which is labor-intensive and only provides a few points of information. Other sensing modalities such as wearables and cameras are developed to enable more continuous measurement, but are still limited due to animal discomfort, data transfer, and storage challenges. In this paper, we introduce PigV2, the first system to monitor pig heart rate and respiratory rate through ground vibrations. Our approach leverages the insight that both heartbeat and respiration generate ground vibrations when the sow is lying on the floor. We infer vital information by sensing and analyzing these vibrations. The main challenge in developing PigV2 is the overlap of vital- and non-vital-related information in the vibration signals, including pig movements, pig postures, pig-to-sensor distances, and so on. To address this issue, we first characterize their effects, extract their current status, and then reduce their impact by adaptively interpolating vital rates over multiple sensors. PigV2 is evaluated through a real-world deployment with 30 pigs. It has 3.4% and 8.3% average errors in monitoring the HR and RR of the sows, respectively. © 2022 acm.

关键词： Vibration analysis

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Are Deepfakes Concerning? Analyzing Conversations of Deepfakes on Reddit and Exploring Societal Implications 22

Are Deepfakes Concerning? Analyzing Conversations of Deepfak...

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CHI Conference on Human Factors in computing systems (CHI)

作者： Gamage, Dilrukshi Ghasiya, Piyush Bonagiri, Vamshi Krishna Whiting, Mark E. Sasahara, Kazutoshi Tokyo Inst Technol Tokyo Japan Int Inst Informat Technol Hyderabad India Univ Penn Wharton Sch Philadelphia PA 19104 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450391573

Deepfakes are synthetic content generated using advanced deep learning and AI technologies. The advancement of technology has created opportunities for anyone to create and share deepfakes much easier. This may lead to societal concerns based on how communities engage with it. However, there is limited research available to understand how communities perceive deepfakes. We examined deepfake conversations on Reddit from 2018 to 2021-including major topics and their temporal changes as well as implications of these conversations. Using a mixed-method approach-topic modeling and qualitative coding, we found 6,638 posts and 86,425 comments discussing concerns of the believable nature of deepfakes and how platforms moderate them. We also found Reddit conversations to be pro-deepfake and building a community that supports creating and sharing deepfake artifacts and building a marketplace regardless of the consequences. Possible implications derived from qualitative codes indicate that deepfake conversations raise societal concerns. We propose that there are implications for Human Computer Interaction (HCI) to mitigate the harm created from deepfakes.

关键词： deepfake societal implication content analysis topic modeling

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Mitigating synchronization bottlenecks in high-performance actor-model-based software 24

Mitigating synchronization bottlenecks in high-performance a...

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proceedings of the SC '24 Workshops of the International Conference on High Performance computing, Network, Storage, and analysis

作者： Kyle Klenk Mohammad Mahdi Moayeri Junwei Guo Martyn P. Clark Raymond J. Spiteri Department of Computer Science University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Canada Department of Civil Engineering University of Calgary Calgary Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350355543

Bulk synchronous programming (in distributedmemory systems) and the fork-join pattern (in shared-memory systems) are often used for problems where independent processes must periodically synchronize. Frequent synchronization can greatly undermine the performance of software designed to solve such problems. We use the actor model of concurrent computing to balance the load of hundreds of thousands of shortlived tasks and mitigate synchronization bottlenecks by buffering communication via actor batching. The actor model is becoming increasingly popular in scientific and high-performance computing because it can handle heterogeneous tasks and computing environments with enhanced programming flexibility and ease relative to conventional paradigms like MPI. For a hydrologic simulation of continental North America with over 500,000 elements, the proposed buffering approach is approximately 4 times faster than no buffering, outperforms MPI on single and multiple nodes, and remains competitive with OpenMP on a single node and MPI+OpenMP on multiple nodes.

关键词： actor model of concurrent computing

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Designing for the Bittersweet: Improving Sensitive Experiences with Recommender systems 22

Designing for the Bittersweet: Improving Sensitive Experienc...

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2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in computing systems, CHI 2022

作者： Lustig, Caitlin Konrad, Artie Brubaker, Jed R. University of Washington SeattleWA United States Meta Menlo ParkCA United States Cu Boulder BoulderCO United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450391573

It is difficult to design systems that honor the complex and often contradictory emotions that can be surfaced by sensitive encounters with recommender systems. To explore the design and ethical considerations in this space, we interviewed 20 people who had recently seen sensitive content through Facebook's Memories feature. Interviewees typically described how (1) expectedness, (2) context of viewing, and (3) what we describe as "affective sense-making"were important factors for how they perceived "bittersweet"content, a sensitizing concept from our interviews that we expand upon. To address these user needs, we pose provocations to support critical work in this area and we suggest that researchers and designers: (1) draw inspiration from no/low-technology artifacts, (2) use empirical research to identify contextual features that have negative impacts on users, and (3) conduct user studies on affective sense-making. CAUTION: This paper discusses difficult subject matter related to death and relationships. © 2022 acm.

关键词： Recommender systems

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A Unifying Type-Theory for Higher-Order (Amortized) Cost analysis

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proceedings OF THE acm ON PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES-PacmPL 2021年第POPL期5卷 1–28页

作者： Rajani, Vineet Gaboardi, Marco Garg, Deepak Hoffmann, Jan Max Planck Inst Secur & Privacy Bochum Germany Boston Univ Boston MA 02215 USA Max Planck Inst Software Syst Saarland Informat Campus Saarbrucken Germany Carnegie Mellon Univ Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA

This paper presents lambda-amor, a new type-theoretic framework for amortized cost analysis of higher-order functional programs and shows that existing type systems for cost analysis can be embedded in it lambda-amor introduces a new modal type for representing potentials - costs that have been accounted for, but not yet incurred, which are central to amortized analysis. Additionally, lambda-amor relies on standard type-theoretic concepts like affineness, refinement types and an indexed cost monad lambda-amor is proved sound using a rather simple logical relation. We embed two existing type systems for cost analysis in lambda-amor showing that, despite its simplicity, lambda-amor can simulate cost analysis for different evaluation strategies (call-by-name and callby-value), in different styles (effect-based and coeffect-based), and with or without amortization. One of the embeddings also implies that lambda-amor is relatively complete for all terminating PCF programs.

关键词： amortized cost analysis type theory relative completeness

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Intelligent False Data Injection Attack Detection Using Soft computing in Cyber-Physical Power systems 7

Intelligent False Data Injection Attack Detection Using Soft...

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7th International Conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace Technology, ICECA 2023

作者： Nilesh Khairnar, Prerana Bindu, K.V. Ala Walid, Md. Abul Jothimani, S. Subha, B. Srivastava, Aviral Sir Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology Department of ETE Nashik India RMK College of Engineering and Technology Department of EEE Puduvoyal India Department of Computer Science & Engineering Khulna9203 Bangladesh Bannari Amman Institute of Technology Sathyamangalam638401 India Kristu Jayanti College Department of Management Bangalore India Amity University Rajasthan Department of CSE Jaipur300202 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350340600

The modern power system has developed into a cyber-physical system with the incorporation of smart meters, Phasor measurement Units (PMUs), extensive area monitoring, control systems and substation automation. False Data Injection Attack (FDIA) has gained popularity in Cyber-Physical Power System (CPPS). In particular, there is an increasing need to examine the possible behavior of adversaries to enhance the cybersecurity nature of CPPS but the FDIA model is frequently built on the effects of attacker or the effect of attack. Therefore, this study presents an Intelligent False Data Injection Attack Detection using Soft computing (IFDIAD-SD) technique in the CPPS environment. The aim of the IFDIAD-SD technique is the effectual recognition and classification of FDIAs in the CPPS environment. In the IFDIAD-SD method, fuzzy min-max normalization is used to scale the input data. For FDIA detection and classification, convolutional neural network with autoencoder (CNN-AE) method is applied. At final stage, the multiverse optimization (MVO) technique is used to optimally select the parameter values of the CNN-AE model. A series of experiments were implemented for identifying the superior performance of the IFDIAD-SD technique. The comprehensive comparative result analysis revealed the supremacy of the IFDIAD-SD method when compared to other models. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Embedded systems

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Phase Space Power analysis for PC-based Rootkit Detection 22

Phase Space Power Analysis for PC-based Rootkit Detection

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Annual acm Southeast Conference acmSE

作者： McDonald, J. Todd Clark, Rebecca C. Hively, Lee M. Russ, Samuel H. Univ S Alabama Mobile AL 36688 USA Oak Ridge Natl Lab Oak Ridge TN USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450386975

Within the current threat landscape of cyberattacks, adversaries use a wide array of techniques to gain a persistent and covert presence on systems. Rootkits are a popular form of attack vector because they are a specialized form of malware that use stealth and administrative privilege to operate without detection. They can also use sophisticated active and passive measures to actually cripple normal defensive software. Zero-day rootkits are particularly dangerous in advanced persistent threat (APT) scenarios because typical signature-based methods of malware scanning are ineffective at detecting them. In this paper, we consider a more robust technique of dynamic malware detection that allows use of side-channel system properties as process-indicative data, allowing observation outside of a rootkit's ability to influence. In particular, we extend prior work that has used CPU power measurements as a means to detect rootkit execution. In this work we use a Data Acquisition (DAQ) system to collect data from an embedded analog power sensor to record low-frequency digital readings from three channels of a PC power supply. Of particular focus, we use a data-driven nonlinear phase space algorithm (NLPSA) to analyze power readings and perform supervised learning to discern infected versus non-infected states. Our initial case study using Windows 10 and Ubuntu rootkits shows that NLPSA can achieve perfect accuracy in distinguishing rootkit execution and normal system operation, confirming other similar studies where side-channel data are in view.

关键词： Malware Detection Dynamic analysis Nonlinear Algorithms Phase Space Rootkits

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Simulation and Modeling of Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer Fringing Fields using SIMION 3

Simulation and Modeling of Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer Frin...

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3rd International Conference on Applied Mathematics, Modelling, and Intelligent computing, CAMMIC 2023

作者： Yang, Qingyuan Huang, Zejian Zhao, Tianqi Jin, Shangzhong School of Optics and Electronic Technology China Jiliang University No.258 Xueyuan District Xiasha Higher Education Park Qiantang District Hangzhou*** China National Institute of Metrology Center for Advanced Measurement Science Technology Innovation Center of Mass Spectrum for State Market Regulation Beijing*** China

ISBN: (数字)9781510667617

ISBN: (纸本)9781510667600

This paper proposes an approach based on numerical simulation to enhance the accuracy and generality of fringe field modeling in Quadrupole Mass Filter (QMF) systems. The proposed method involves SIMION simulation calculations to achieve the desired outcomes. A numerical model of the potential distribution is constructed using the finite numerical difference method in the region where the QMF and end plate are connected. The exponential fringe field function is selected as the basis for approximation, and the fringe field function is obtained through the least squares method. The potential gradient curves for different end plate gaps are derived, revealing the impact of gaps on the fringe field intensity, length, and penetration into the QMF. The proposed method is validated by comparing the obtained fringe field analysis model with literature data The research establishes the reliability and validity of the proposed method for effectively analyzing the fringe fields between the end plate and the QMF electrode in QMF systems. This makes it possible to study the properties of such systems by phase-space dynamics methods. © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： Numerical models

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Parallel Runtime Interface for Fortran (PRIF): A Multi-Image Solution for LLVM Flang 24

Parallel Runtime Interface for Fortran (PRIF): A Multi-Image...

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proceedings of the SC '24 Workshops of the International Conference on High Performance computing, Network, Storage, and analysis

作者： Dan Bonachea Katherine Rasmussen Brad Richardson Damian Rouson Computer Languages and Systems Software Group and NERSC Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350355543

Fortran compilers that provide support for Fortran's native parallel features often do so with a runtime library that depends on details of both the compiler implementation and the communication library, while others provide limited or no support at all. This paper introduces a new generalized interface that is both compiler- and runtime-library-agnostic, providing flexibility while fully supporting all of Fortran's parallel features. The Parallel Runtime Interface for Fortran (PRIF) was developed to be portable across shared- and distributed-memory systems, with varying operating systems, toolchains and architectures. It achieves this by defining a set of Fortran procedures corresponding to each of the parallel features defined in the Fortran standard that may be invoked by a Fortran compiler and implemented by a runtime library. PRIF aims to be used as the solution for LLVM Flang to provide parallel Fortran support. This paper also briefly describes our PRIF prototype implementation: Caffeine.

关键词： Caffeine

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