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CHI Conference on Human Factors in computing systems

作者： Shinohara, Kristen McQuaid, Mick Jacobo, Nayeri Rochester Inst Technol Rochester NY 14623 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450380966

Despite efforts to support students with disabilities in higher education, few continue to pursue doctoral degrees in computing. We conducted an interview study with 12 blind and low vision, and 7 deaf and hard of hearing current and former doctoral students in computing to understand how graduate students adjust to inaccessibility and ineffective accommodations. We asked participants how they worked around inaccessibility, managed ineffective accommodations, and advocated for tools and services. Employing a lens of ableism in our analysis, we found that participants' extra effort to address accessibility gaps gave rise to a burden of survival, which they sustained to meet expectations of graduate-level productivity. We recommend equitable solutions that acknowledge taken-for-granted workarounds and that actively address inaccessibility in the graduate school context.

关键词： Accessibility Higher Education computing Education Research Ableism

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IoT-Based Approaches for Monitoring the Particulate Matter and Its Impact on Health

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IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL 2021年第15期8卷 11983-12003页

作者： Divan, Mario J. Sanchez-Reynoso, Maria Laura Panebianco, Juan Esteban Mendez, Mariano J. Natl Univ La Pampa Data Sci Res Grp Econ Sch RA-6300 Santa Rosa Argentina Natl Sci & Tech Res Council CONICET Environm & Earth Sci Inst La Pampa L6302EPA Santa Rosa Argentina

Scenario: The particulate matter (PM) is associated with all particles (solid and liquid) suspended in the air. Depending on the kind and size of the particle, each one represents different kinds of risks for human health. The emerging of tiny, available, and accessible devices related to the Internet of Things (IoT) has allowed the implementation of different monitoring strategies. Objective: To identify and characterize the IoT-based real-time monitoring strategies that have implemented a measurement process to study the effect of the PM on human health. Methodology: A wide analysis based on the systematic mapping study was performed on September 4, 2020. The Association for computing Machinery (acm), IEEE, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Scopus, and Wiley databases were considered in the exploration. Results: 48 articles addressing the IoT-based PM measurement were obtained, falling them between 2010 and 2020 with growing interest. The main use of this technology is related to increase the coverage and density of environmental monitoring stations due to the impact of PM on human health. Also, approaches to monitoring air quality and their potential effects on people's affections are described. Conclusions: Collaborative, people-aware, global proposals tend to get increasing interest. Only six (12.5%) articles incorporated some recommendation system based on PM measures. The accuracy and precision are the main concern around low-cost sensors for measuring PM. Thus, the calibration process is highlighted in 64.44% of articles. The main challenges reside in a combination of uncertainties in PM measurement, health impacts, data quality, and the influence of environmental variables on all of them.

关键词： Monitoring Atmospheric measurements Particle measurements Sensors Real-time systems Temperature measurement Systematics Intelligent systems measurement monitoring particulate matter (PM) systematic mapping study (SMS)

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Transformer-Based Physiological Feature Learning for Multimodal analysis of Self-Reported Sentiment 22

Transformer-Based Physiological Feature Learning for Multimo...

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24th acm International Conference on Multimodal Interaction (ICMI)

作者： Katada, Shun Okada, Shogo Komatani, Kazunori Japan Adv Inst Sci & Technol Nomi Ishikawa Japan Osaka Univ Inst Sci & Ind Res SANKEN Ibaraki Osaka Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781450393904

One of the main challenges in realizing dialog systems is adapting to a user's sentiment state in real time. Large-scale language models, such as BERT, have achieved excellent performance in sentiment estimation;however, the use of only linguistic information from user utterances in sentiment estimation still has limitations. In fact, self-reported sentiment is not necessarily expressed by user utterances. To mitigate the issue that the true sentiment state is not expressed as observable signals, psychophysiology and afective computing studies have focused on physiological signals that capture involuntary changes related to emotions. We address this problem by efciently introducing time-series physiological signals into a state-of-the-art language model to develop an adaptive dialog system. Compared with linguistic models based on BERT representations, physiological long short-term memory (LSTM) models based on our proposed physiological signal processing method have competitive performance. Moreover, we extend our physiological signal processing method to the Transformer language model and propose the Time-series Physiological Transformer (TPTr), which captures sentiment changes based on both linguistic and physiological information. In ensemble models, our proposed methods signifcantly outperform the previous best result (p < 0.05).

关键词： Time-Series Processing Physiological Signals Sentiment analysis

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22nd IFIP WG 6.1 International Conference on Distributed Applications and Interoperable systems, DAIS 2022 Held as part of the 17th International Federated Conference on Distributed computing Techniques, DisCoTec 2022

22nd IFIP WG 6.1 International Conference on Distributed App...

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22nd IFIP WG 6.1 International Conference on Distributed Applications and Interoperable systems, DAIS 2022 Held as part of the 17th International Federated Conference on Distributed computing Techniques, DisCoTec 2022

ISBN: (纸本)9783031160912

The proceedings contain 12 papers. The special focus in this conference is on Distributed Applications and Interoperable systems. The topics include: The HDFS Replica Placement Policies: A Comparative Experimental Investigation;an Elastic and Scalable Topic-Based Pub/Sub System Using Deep Reinforcement Learning;challenges in Automated measurement of Pedestrian Dynamics;Using SGX for Meta-Transactions Support in Ethereum DApps;understanding Cryptocoins Trends Correlations;rebop: Reputation-Based Incentives in Committee-Based Blockchains;lesser Evil: Embracing Failure to Protect Overall System Availability;failure Root Cause analysis for Microservices, Explained;attestation Mechanisms for Trusted Execution Environments Demystified;accelerate Model Parallel Deep Learning Training Using Effective Graph Traversal Order in Device Placement;analysis of the Impact of Interaction Patterns and IoT Protocols on Energy Consumption of IoT Consumer Applications.

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Introducing Monitoring and extended Elasticity support in TOSCA 23

Introducing Monitoring and extended Elasticity support in TO...

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proceedings of the IEEE/acm 16th International Conference on Utility and Cloud computing

作者： Andreas Tsagkaropoulos Yiannis Verginadis Gregoris Mentzas Institute of Communication and Computer Systems Zografou Athens Greece Athens University of Economics and Business Athens Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9798400702341

Cloud services and applications become ever more important for enterprises, which profit from the advantages of scalability, flexibility and the pay-as-you-go model which are offered by Cloud service vendors. One of the most well-known standards in the domain, which have been developed about ten years ago, is the TOSCA cloud application specification. TOSCA allows the definition of the structure and operation of cloud applications. Although considerable work has been done before in the specification of monitoring and elasticity - of which a thorough analysis is provided - its quality and its integration in TOSCA can be significantly improved. In this work we suggest specific extensions covering the monitoring of processing components and the elasticity policies which are associated with them. Indicative TOSCA examples are provided to aid comprehension.

关键词： TOSCA

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Fault-Localization in Water Distribution Networks using Hierarchical Anomaly analysis 27

Fault-Localization in Water Distribution Networks using Hier...

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27th International Computer Conference, Computer Society of Iran, CSICC 2022

作者： Mirzaie, Sara Bushehrian, Omid Shiraz University Of Technology Department Of Computer Engineering And Information Technology Shiraz Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781665480277

Water Distribution Networks (WDN) are vulnerable to unexpected events of the environment, system aging and security attacks. Real-time monitoring of WDNs is essential to detect disruptions, localize faulty elements and make fast decisions. Various anomaly detection methods are used to detect abnormal behaviors at these systems. One important challenge is to find a proper computing architecture for analyzing the collected sensory data from WDN in order to accurately localize the faulty element in the network that caused the anomalous behavior. We created an urban Water Distribution Network dataset using Epanet2w simulator software by measuring WDN hydraulic features: pressure and head. We added several distinct events (unexpected behavior) with different scales during the simulation time. To evaluate the impact of the computing architectures on the accuracy of fault localization, we examined several architectures: Centralized Cloud Architecture (CCA), three-layer Fog computing Architecture (FGA) and the proposed Hierarchical Architecture (HA). The data and computing nodes at different layers were executed as docker containers with limited resources. The evaluation results showed a significant increase in fault localization accuracy using the proposed HA compared to other architectures. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Location awareness Computer architecture Distribution networks Software Real-time systems Behavioral sciences Pressure measurement

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DVFSspy: Using Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling As A Covert Channel for Multiple Procedures 22

DVFSspy: Using Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling As A Co...

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27th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC)

作者： Qiu, Pengfei Wang, Dongsheng Lyu, Yongqiang Qu, Gang Tsinghua Univ Dept Comp Sci & Technol Beijing 100084 Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ Beijing Natl Res Ctr Informat Sci & Technol Beijing 100084 Peoples R China Univ Maryland Dept Elect & Comp Engn College Pk MD 20742 USA Univ Maryland Syst Res Inst College Pk MD 20742 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781665421355

Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) is a widely deployed low-power technology in modern systems. In this paper, we discover a vulnerability in the implementation of the DVFS technology that allows us to measure the processor's frequency in the userspace. By exploiting this vulnerability, we successfully implement a covert channel on the commercial Intel platform and demonstrate that the covert channel can reach a throughput of 28.41bps with an error rate of 0.53%. This work indicates that the processor's hardware information that is unintentionally leaked to the userspace by the privileged kernel modules may cause security risks.

关键词： Design automation Error analysis Asia Throughput Hardware Frequency measurement Security

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Cognisense: A contactless rotation speed measurement system 21

Cognisense: A contactless rotation speed measurement system

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19th acm Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor systems, SenSys 2021

作者： Heggo, Mohammad Bhatia, Laksh Mccann, Julie A. Imperial College London London United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781450390972

Several engineering applications require reliable rotation speed measurement for their correct functioning. The rotation speed measurements can be used to enhance the machines' vibration signal analysis and can also elicit faults undetectable by vibration monitoring alone. The current state of the art sensors for rotation speed measurement are optical, magnetic and mechanical tachometers. These sensors require line-of-sight and direct access to the machine which limits their use-cases. In this demo, we showcase Cognisense, an RF-based hardware-software sensing system that uses Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) waves to accurately measure a machine's rotation speed. Cognisense uses a novel compact patch antenna in a monostatic radar configuration capable of transmitting and receiving OAM waves in the 5GHz license-exempt band. The demo will show Cognisense working on machines with varied numbers of blades, sizes and materials. We will also present how Cognisense operates reliably in non-line-of-sight scenarios where traditional tachometers fail. We demonstrate how Cognisense works well in high-scattering scenarios and is not impacted by the material of rotor blades. Unlike optical tachometers that require one to face the machine head-on, Our demo will also show Cognisense performing reliably in the presence of a tilt angle between the system and the machine which is not possible with optical tachometers. © 2021 Owner/Author.

关键词： Vibration analysis

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Modeling and leveraging analytic focus during exploratory visual analysis 21

Modeling and leveraging analytic focus during exploratory vi...

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2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in computing systems: Making Waves, Combining Strengths, CHI 2021

作者： Zhou, Zhilan Wen, Ximing Wang, Yue Gotz, David H University of North Carolina Chapel Hill United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450380966

Visual analytics systems enable highly interactive exploratory data analysis. Across a range of felds, these technologies have been successfully employed to help users learn from complex data. However, these same exploratory visualization techniques make it easy for users to discover spurious fndings. This paper proposes new methods to monitor a user's analytic focus during visual analysis of structured datasets and use it to surface relevant articles that contextualize the visualized fndings. Motivated by interactive analyses of electronic health data, this paper introduces a formal model of analytic focus, a computational approach to dynamically update the focus model at the time of user interaction, and a prototype application that leverages this model to surface relevant medical publications to users during visual analysis of a large corpus of medical records. Evaluation results with 24 users show that the modeling approach has high levels of accuracy and is able to surface highly relevant medical abstracts. © 2021 acm.

关键词： Visualization

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Urban computing cyberinfrastructure: Visualizing human sentiment using social media and augmented reality 4

Urban computing cyberinfrastructure: Visualizing human senti...

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4th acm SIGSPATIAL International Workshop on Advances in Resilient and Intelligent Cities, ARIC 2021

作者： Li, Diya Zhang, Zhe Texas A&m University College StationTX United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450391160

Urban information discovery has a long history in geography and other related disciplines. Routing and Point-of-Interest (POI) searching services have been implemented in many Geographic Information systems (GISs)-based applications, where spatial information (e.g., POI data) is projected to a digital map as a source of auxiliary data to support intelligent spatial decision-making. In recent years, Augmented Reality (AR) has become a growing trend to visualize spatial objects through digital visual elements. However, a research gap exists between GIS and AR systems in terms of computational efficiency and interoperability. This paper aims to develop a geospatial cyberinfrastructure that integrates urban information and AR to enhance spatial knowledge visualization and discovery. Our experiments demonstrate how spatial analysis and urban sentiment computing can efficiently be integrated into the AR-based framework to support real-time decision-making. © 2021 acm.

关键词： Geographic information systems

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