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ComputableViz: Mathematical Operators as a Formalism for Visualisation Processing and analysis 22

ComputableViz: Mathematical Operators as a Formalism for Vis...

引用

CHI Conference on Human Factors in computing systems (CHI)

作者： Wu, Aoyu Tong, Wai Li, Haotian Moritz, Dominik Wang, Yong Qu, Huamin Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol Hong Kong Peoples R China Carnegie Mellon Univ Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Singapore Management Univ Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9781450391573

Data visualizations are created and shared on the web at an unprecedented speed, raising new needs and questions for processing and analyzing visualizations after they have been generated and digitized. However, existing formalisms focus on operating on a single visualization instead of multiple visualizations, making it challenging to perform analysis tasks such as sorting and clustering visualizations. Through a systematic analysis of previous work, we abstract visualization-related tasks into mathematical operators such as union and propose a design space of visualization operations. We realize the design by developing ComputableViz, a library that supports operations on multiple visualization specifications. To demonstrate its usefulness and extensibility, we present multiple usage scenarios concerning processing and analyzing visualization, such as generating visualization embeddings and automatically making visualizations accessible. We conclude by discussing research opportunities and challenges for managing and exploiting the massive visualizations on the web.

关键词： Visualization Visualization Library Data Model

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Supporting Serendipitous Discovery and Balanced analysis of Online Product Reviews with Interaction-Driven Metrics and Bias-Mitigating Suggestions 22

Supporting Serendipitous Discovery and Balanced Analysis of ...

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CHI Conference on Human Factors in computing systems (CHI)

作者： Jasim, Mahmood Collins, Christopher Sarvghad, Ali Mahyar, Narges Univ Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003 USA Ontario Tech Univ Oshawa ON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781450391573

In this study, we investigate how supporting serendipitous discovery and analysis of online product reviews can encourage readers to explore reviews more comprehensively prior to making purchase decisions. We propose two interventions - Exploration Metrics that can help readers understand and track their exploration patterns through visual indicators and a Bias Mitigation Model that intends to maximize knowledge discovery by suggesting sentiment and semantically diverse reviews. We designed, developed, and evaluated a text analytics system called Serendyze, where we integrated these interventions. We asked 100 crowd workers to use Serendyze to make purchase decisions based on product reviews. Our evaluation suggests that exploration metrics enabled readers to efficiently cover more reviews in a balanced way, and suggestions from the bias mitigation model influenced readers to make confident data-driven decisions. We discuss the role of user agency and trust in text-level analysis systems and their applicability in domains beyond review exploration.

关键词： serendipity product review exploration bias mitigation model

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Introducing the OECD/NEA WPRS Benchmark on Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for Scientific computing in Nuclear Engineering 20

Introducing the OECD/NEA WPRS Benchmark on Artificial Intell...

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20th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics, NURETH 2023

作者： Wu, Xu Delipei, Gregory Avramova, Maria Ivanov, Kostadin Buss, Oliver Burlington Engineering Laboratories 2500 Stinson Drive RaleighNC27695 United States 46 quai Alphonse Le Gallo Boulogne-Billancourt92100 France

ISBN: (纸本)9780894487934

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (AI/ML) have gained tremendous interest across all branches of nuclear engineering, driven by the increasing computing power, advancements in AI/ML algorithms, and the availability of user-friendly ML libraries. While it is widely acknowledged that AI/ML has great potential to enhance data-driven scientific computing problems in nuclear engineering, its potential has not been fully realized due to several challenges. First, there are no guidelines on how to apply application-agnostic AI/ML algorithms to high-consequence nuclear systems. Second, there are no AI/ML benchmarks based on realistic nuclear reactor measurement data or numerical simulation data to compare and validate various ML algorithms. Third, there are significant gaps in the trustworthiness assessment of AI/ML models for nuclear applications. In this paper, we introduce a new benchmark on "AI/ML for Scientific computing in Nuclear Engineering" currently under development by the OECD/NEA Working Party on Scientific Issues and Uncertainty analysis of Reactor systems (WPRS). This benchmark aims to evaluate the performance of AI/ML in multi-physics modeling and simulation of nuclear reactor systems. It will provide recommendations to the WPRS and the nuclear community on the scientific development needs, including data, methods, and benchmark exercises, for trustworthy AI/ML applications in nuclear scientific computing problems. We provide a detailed description of the motivation, objectives, scope (including planned exercises and available datasets), timeline, and expected deliverables for the benchmark. © 2023 proceedings of the 20th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics, NURETH 2023. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nuclear reactor simulators

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ANT-MOC: Scalable Neutral Particle Transport Using 3D Method of Characteristics on Multi-GPU systems 23

ANT-MOC: Scalable Neutral Particle Transport Using 3D Method...

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2023 International Conference for High Performance computing, Networking, Storage and analysis, SC 2023

作者： Li, Shunde Wang, Zongguo Bu, Lingkun Wang, Jue Xin, Zhikuang Li, Shigang Wang, Yangang Feng, Yangde Shi, Peng Hu, Yun Chi, Xuebin Computer Network Information Center Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China National Center for Materials Service Safety University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China School of Computer Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400701092

The Method Of Characteristic (MOC) to solve the Neutron Transport Equation (NTE) is the core of full-core simulation for reactors. High resolution is enabled by discretizing the NTE through massive tracks to traverse the 3D reactor geometry. However, the 3D full-core simulation is prohibitively expensive because of the high memory consumption and the severe load imbalance. To deal with these challenges, we develop ANT-MOC1. Specifically, we build a performance model for memory footprint, computation and communication, based on which a track management strategy is proposed to overcome the resolution bottlenecks caused by limited GPU memory. Furthermore, we implement a novel multi-level load mapping strategy to ensure load balancing among nodes, GPUs, and CUs. ANT-MOC enables a 3D full-core reactor simulation with 100 billion tracks on 16,000 GPUs, with 70.69% and 89.38% parallel efficiency for strong scalability and weak scalability, respectively. © 2023 Owner/Author(s).

关键词： Scalability

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The Reward for Luck: Understanding the Effect of Random Reward Mechanisms in Video Games on Player Experience 22

The Reward for Luck: Understanding the Effect of Random Rewa...

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CHI Conference on Human Factors in computing systems (CHI)

作者： Yin, Michael Xiao, Robert Univ British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781450391573

Random Reward Mechanisms (RRMs) in video games are systems in which rewards are issued probabilistically upon certain trigger conditions, such as completing gameplay tasks, exceeding a playtime quota, or making in-game purchases. We investigated the relationship between RRM implementations and user experience. Video analysis of 35 RRM systems allowed for the creation of a classification system based on contrasting observed dimensions. Interviews with 14 video game players provided insights into how factors such as the affordances of non-optimal rewards and the trade-of between random luck and skill impact player perception and interaction with RRMs. We additionally investigated the relationship between auditory, visual, and gameplay design decisions and player expectations for RRM reward presentations, finding that the resources required to obtain the reward and the relative value of the reward impact its expected presentation. Finally, we applied our findings to propose design methodologies for creating engaging and significant RRM systems.

关键词： video games reward systems player experience

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Prototyping Kodi: Defining Design Requirements to Develop a Virtual Chat-bot for Autistic Children and Their Caregivers 26

Prototyping Kodi: Defining Design Requirements to Develop a ...

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26th acm Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work and Social computing, CSCW 2023

作者： Ghiotti, Narayan Clulow, David Cheon, Serene Cui, Kevin Kang, Hyo University of Florida GainesvilleFL United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798400701290

Autistic children's emotional meltdown is a common challenge faced by their caregivers, including their teachers and families. Communicating their problems can be extremely challenging for many autistic children, making it difficult for caregivers to identify the triggers of these meltdowns. Previous studies have revealed that autistic children find it easier to communicate with non-human objects, such as comfort dolls or social robots. In light of this, we have designed Kodi, a mobile virtual conversational agent aimed at bridging the communication gap between autistic children and their caregivers during distressing situations. Kodi's appearance can be personalized to match the child's favorite characters, such as a bunny or a dinosaur. To provide additional comfort, Kodi comes with furry phone cases that offer haptic stimulation. When the child faces stressful situations, caregivers can prompt Kodi on children's mobile device, allowing the child to express their emotions with various input modalities (emojis, text, voice) and listen to soothing stories. Caregivers can tailor these stories to suit each child's unique needs. Furthermore, Kodi will employ keyword analysis to summarize conversations, identify potential triggers for emotional meltdowns (e.g., loud noises in a shopping mall, unexpected changes at school), and alert caregivers of potential problems, such as bullying. The data collected through Kodi holds the potential to be leveraged for predicting emotional meltdowns using machine learning techniques. This paper discusses the implications of the Kodi platform and outlines future research directions in this area. © 2023 acm.

关键词： Learning systems

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PROV-IO: An I/O-Centric Provenance Framework for Scientific Data on HPC systems 22

PROV-IO: An I/O-Centric Provenance Framework for Scientific ...

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31st International Symposium on High-Performance Parallel and Distributed computing (HPDC)

作者： Han, Runzhou Byna, Suren Tang, Houjun Dong, Bin Zheng, Mai Iowa State Univ Ames IA 50011 USA Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab Berkeley CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450391993

Data provenance, or data lineage, describes the life cycle of data. In scientific workflows on HPC systems, scientists often seek diverse provenance (e.g., origins of data products, usage patterns of datasets). Unfortunately, existing provenance solutions cannot address the challenges due to their incompatible provenance models and/or system implementations. In this paper, we analyze three representative scientific workflows in collaboration with the domain scientists to identify concrete provenance needs. Based on the first-hand analysis, we propose a provenance framework called PROV-IO, which includes an I/O-centric provenance model for describing scientific data and the associated I/O operations and environments precisely. Moreover, we build a prototype of PROV-IO to enable end-to-end provenance support on real HPC systems with little manual effort. The PROV-IO framework provides flexibility in selecting various classes of provenance. Our experiments with realistic workflows show that PROV-IO can address the provenance needs of the domain scientists effectively with reasonable performance (e.g., less than 3.5% tracking overhead for most experiments). Moreover, PROV-IO outperforms a state-of-the-art system (i.e., ProvLake) in our experiments.

关键词： Data Provenance Lineage Scientific Data Workflows High Performance computing FAIR Principles Explainability Trustworthiness

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Investigating Clutching Interactions for Touchless Medical Imaging systems 22

Investigating Clutching Interactions for Touchless Medical I...

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CHI Conference on Human Factors in computing systems (CHI)

作者： Cronin, Sean Freeman, Euan Doherty, Gavin Trinity Coll Dublin Dublin Ireland Univ Glasgow Glasgow Lanark Scotland

ISBN: (纸本)9781450391573

Touchless input could transform clinical activity by allowing health professionals direct control over medical imaging systems in a sterile manner. Currently, users face the issues of being unable to directly manipulate imaging in aseptic environments, as well as needing to touch shared surfaces in other hospital areas. Unintended input is a key challenge for touchless interaction and could be especially disruptive in medical contexts. We evaluated four clutching techniques with 34 health professionals, measuring interaction performance and interviewing them to obtain insight into their views on clutching, and touchless control of medical imaging. As well as exploring the performance of the different clutching techniques, our analysis revealed an appetite for reliable touchless interfaces, a strong desire to reduce shared surface contact, and suggested potential improvements such as combined authentication and touchless control. Our findings can inform the development of novel touchless medical systems and identify challenges for future research.

关键词： Clutching Gestures Medical Imaging systems Midas Touch PACS Touchless Interaction

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System Architecture Synthesis for Performability by Logic Solvers 22

System Architecture Synthesis for Performability by Logic So...

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acm/IEEE 25th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and systems (MODELS)

作者： Foldiak, Mate Marussy, Kristof Varro, Daniel Majzik, Istvan Budapest Univ Technol & Econ Dept Measurement & Informat Syst Budapest Hungary McGill Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Montreal PQ Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781450394666

In model-based systems engineering, system architectures often have to make compromises to meet hard constraints of functional and extra-functional requirements while optimizing for a target objective. Design space exploration (DSE) techniques have been developed to automatically propose candidate architectures over an extremely large design and configuration space. (1) Meta-heuristic exploration algorithms are often used to provide practical, best-effort solutions for DSE, but they lack any guarantees of completeness or optimality. (2) Logic synthesis based approaches may offer strong theoretical guarantees, but frequently face scalability issues. In the paper, we propose two logic solver-based approaches to evaluate complex design spaces by using partial models in order to find an optimal solution with respect to performability objectives. One approach uses performability analysis as a post-filtering of valid system architecture candidates, while the other approach uses performability analysis for guiding the actual search over partial models. We evaluate both approaches on an interferometry mission architecture case study using view transformations for performability analysis and compare our approach with a well-known DSE framework based on meta-heuristic search.

关键词： performability design-space exploration logic solver model generator partial models

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Efficient Scheduling of Weakly-Hard Real-Time Tasks with Sufficient Schedulability Condition 25

Efficient Scheduling of Weakly-Hard Real-Time Tasks with Suf...

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40th Annual acm Symposium on Applied computing, SAC 2025

作者： Moyano, Victor Gabriel Hammadeh, Zain A. H. Saidi, Selma Lüdtke, Daniel Braunschweig Germany Technische Universität Braunschweig Braunschweig Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706295

Many real-time tasks, particularly control tasks, can accommodate occasional missed deadlines thanks to robust algorithms. These tasks can be effectively modeled using the weakly-hard model, which specifies the maximum number of tolerable deadline misses, denoted as mi, within a sequence of Ki executions. Research indicates that utilizing the weakly-hard model can significantly reduce the over-provisioning typically required in the design of real-time systems. Therefore, different scheduling algorithms and schedulability analyses have been proposed in the last few years. However, state-of-the-art scheduling analyses do not scale with larger values of Ki. We present a new job-level fixed priority scheduling algorithm whose schedulability analysis scales with Ki. Furthermore, our scheduling algorithm leverages the tolerable continuous deadline misses to assigning priorities to jobs. Schedulability analyses show that the computation time of our analysis is up to 100 times faster comparing to the approaches in literature improving also the schedulability ratio for total utilization of 0.9. Copyright © 2025 held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Interactive computer systems

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