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检索条件"任意字段=Proceedings of the IX Symposium on Human Factors in Computing Systems"

共 285 条记录，以下是71-80 订阅

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Exploring User Profiles Based on their Explainability Requirements in Interactive systems 20

Exploring User Profiles Based on their Explainability Requir...

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19th Brazilian symposium on human factors in computing systems (IHC)

作者： Louzada, Henrique Chaves, Gabriel Ponciano, Lesandro Informat Syst PUC Minas Contagem MG Brazil Software Engn PUC Minas Belo Horizonte MG Brazil Pontificia Univ Catolica Minas Gerais Dept Software Engn & Informat Syst Belo Horizonte MG Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781450381727

Depending on the way they are designed, interactive systems may inadvertently influence the opinions, choices and actions of their users. To avoid this problem, there has been a growing demand for this type of system to be able to explain to users how their outputs are generated. This demand is called the "right to an explanation", or the explainability requirement. User perceptions are still little addressed in this context, for example: (1) do people value software explainability? (2) what are the typical user profiles in terms of their demand for explainability? This work seeks to elucidate users' perception and to identify profiles of users in terms of their perceptions of explainability requirement. The method consists of a questionnaire, data mining algorithms and statistical analysis to uncover and analyze the profiles of users. In a case study conducted with 61 people, we found 6 profiles, each one representing a different perception and type of requirement about software explainability. The implications of these profiles for the design of interactive systems are discussed.

关键词： explainability profiles user perception k-means

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ChartVision: Accessible Vertical Bar Charts 20

ChartVision: Accessible Vertical Bar Charts

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19th Brazilian symposium on human factors in computing systems (IHC)

作者： Teles de Oliveira, Cynthya Leticia de Almeida Silva, Alan Trindade de Morais, Jefferson Magalhaes Mota, Marcelle Pereira Univ Sao Paulo Sao Carlos Brazil Univ Fed Para Belem Para Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781450381727

People with different visual impairments interact with the technology using specific tools ranging from appropriate software, increasing the contrast of the elements, and screen readers using a synthesized voice. In this context, it is crucial to make charts that could be expressed by existing technologies. In the literature, we can find charts descriptions manually done, which is not easily scalable and may have an interpretation bias. Considering a scenario where data are automatically extracted from charts available anywhere using computational vision or other techniques, we propose using templates to describe simple and grouped vertical bar charts. This work presents some description templates and a prototype tool that aims to make accessible bar charts. We performed several tests to validate the proposed templates and the prototype, which is an application for mobile devices. Results show directions about the description templates use and demonstrate their feasibility in a computational tool.

关键词： human-Computer Interaction Accessibility

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Comparing Users' Perception of Different Chatbot Interaction Paradigms: A Case Study 20

Comparing Users' Perception of Different Chatbot Interaction...

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19th Brazilian symposium on human factors in computing systems (IHC)

作者： Valerio, Francisco A. M. Guimaraes, Tatiane G. Prates, Raquel O. Candello, Heloisa DCC UFMG Belo Horizonte MG Brazil IBM Res Sao Paulo Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781450381727

In this work, we used the results of applying the Semiotic Inspection Method (SIM) to popular chatbots[12, 13], which yielded eleven strategies for conveying features to users, as well as six sign classes used for designing their interaction. We conducted user studies comparing two prototype chatbots with same features and different approaches to interaction: one using Natural Language Processing, and other using the sign classes and strategies to guide the user interaction. After that, we interviewed the participants, asking about their preferred aspects of each chatbot and their opinions regarding some of these aspects, and, later, analyzed the results. These point to the effectiveness of the strategies and sign classes. Then, we discuss users' perceptions of different ways of interacting with chatbots and their communicative strategies.

关键词： human-Computer Interaction chatbots conversational interfaces Semiotic Engineering user studies

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Evaluating Machine Translation systems for Brazilian Sign Language in the Treatment of Critical Grammatical Aspects 20

Evaluating Machine Translation Systems for Brazilian Sign La...

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19th Brazilian symposium on human factors in computing systems (IHC)

作者： Reis, Luana Silva Ugulino de Araujo, Tiago Maritan Costa Aguiar, Yuska Paola Cavalcanti Brandao Lima, Manuella Aschoff Univ Fed Paraiba Joao Pessoa Paraiba Brazil Univ Fed Paraiba Rio Tinto Joao Pessoa Paraiba Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781450381727

Machine translation tools for sign languages are developed with the aim of reducing barriers to access to information for deaf people. However, these technologies have some limitations related to the difficulty of dealing with some specific grammatical aspects of sign languages, which can negatively influence the experience of deaf users. In order to analyze this problem, in this study, we assess the translation of Brazilian Portuguese (Pt-br) content into Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) by three machine translators: HandTalk, Rybena and VLibras. More specifically, we conducted an experiment with 30 Brazilian human interpreters that evaluate the treatment of 7 specific grammatical aspects in the applications. As a result, we observed significant important limitation in the treatment of homonyms, adverbs (negation, mode and intensity), directional verbs, and phrases (interrogative and exclamatory) in the translations performed by these applications, indicating the need for them to improve the treatment of these grammatical aspects.

关键词： machine translation Brazilian sign language (Li-bras) deaf user accessibility quality of translation

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Interaction Design and Requirements Elicitation Integrated through SPIDe: a feasibility study 20

Interaction Design and Requirements Elicitation Integrated t...

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19th Brazilian symposium on human factors in computing systems (IHC)

作者： Rosa, Jean C. S. do Rego, Beatriz B. Garrido, Filipe A. Valente, Pedro D. Nunes, Nuno J. Matos, Ecivaldo Univ Fed Bahia ITI LARSyS SPIDeLab DCC Salvador BA Brazil Univ Fed Bahia SPIDeLab DCC Salvador BA Brazil Univ Madeira ITI LARSyS Funchal Portugal Univ Lisbon Tecn ITI LARSyS Lisbon Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9781450381727

SPIDe is a semio-participatory methodological process initially composed for the interaction (re)design of educational software. However, some SPIDe studies indicated that it is also possible to elicit requirements through its application due to its participatory characteristics. In this paper, we present an investigation about the feasibility of using SPIDe for requirements elicitation, presenting an exploratory case study of requirements elicitation integrated into interaction design. The data was collected in logbooks, semi-structured interviews, a technology acceptance model questionnaire, and analyzed using thematic analysis. The results show that the use of SPIDe for requirements elicitation integrated into interaction design is feasible. Besides that, they indicate some improvements to the overall process.

关键词： Participatory Design Semiotic Engineering User Participation human factors

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Investigating the Extended Metacommunication Template: How a semiotic tool may encourage reflective ethical practice in the development of machine learning systems 23

Investigating the Extended Metacommunication Template: How a...

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proceedings of the XXII Brazilian symposium on human factors in computing systems

作者： Gabriel Diniz Junqueira Barbosa José Luiz Nunes Clarisse Sieckenius De Souza Simone Diniz Junqueira Barbosa Departamento de Informática Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro Brasil Departamento de Informática Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro Brasil and Departamento de Direito Fundação Getúlio Vargas Brasil Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro Brasil Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro Brasil

ISBN: (纸本)9798400717154

In this paper we present a qualitative study based on speculative design sessions that investigate how developers may use semiotic engineering’s Extended Metacommunication Template EMT) to engage in reflective ethical practice of software development in a Machine Learning context. The template consists of a series of guiding questions about the development process, split into analysis, design, implementation, and evaluation phases. In the speculative design sessions, participants were presented with design briefs and asked to answer the questions while speculating about their design. Through 8 interviews resulting in 12 hours of recordings, we conducted a thematic analysis looking for salient themes. This process resulted in a codebook with 62 codes, structured around the main entities involved in the machine learning development process: Data, System, Developers, Users, and Stakeholders; as well as 5 themes that aid us in understanding the potential impacts of the template’s use. Our analysis indicates that the EMT shows promise for encouraging reflective ethical practice through linguistic approaches that highlight developers’ agency over the system and its consequences for users and stakeholders. Further study is still necessary into how this tool may be incorporated into real-world software development processes.

关键词： design tool ethical reasoning reflective practice

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Augmented Reality Training for Industrial Assembly Work - Are Projection-based AR Assistive systems an Appropriate Tool for Assembly Training? 20

Augmented Reality Training for Industrial Assembly Work - Ar...

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CHI Conference on human factors in computing systems (CHI)

作者： Buettner, Sebastian Prilla, Michael Roecker, Carsten OWL Univ Appl Sci Lemgo Germany Tech Univ Clausthal Clausthal Zellerfeld Germany Fraunhofer IOSB INA Lemgo Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450367080

Augmented Reality (AR) systems are on their way to industrial application, e.g. projection-based AR is used to enhance assembly work. Previous studies showed advantages of the systems in permanent-use scenarios, such as faster assembly times. In this paper, we investigate whether such systems are suitable for training purposes. Within an experiment, we observed the training with a projection-based AR system over multiple sessions and compared it with a personal training and a paper manual training. Our study shows that projection-based AR systems offer only small benefits in the training scenario. While a systematic mislearning of content is prevented through immediate feedback, our results show that the AR training does not reach the personal training in terms of speed and recall precision after 24 hours. Furthermore, we show that once an assembly task is properly trained, there are no differences in the long-term recall precision, regardless of the training method.

关键词： Industrial Augmented Reality Projection-based Augmented Reality Assembly Training Assistive System Empirical Study Experiment

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How Colored Passwords Can Improve the Usability of Coercion-resistant Internet Voting systems 20

How Colored Passwords Can Improve the Usability of Coercion-...

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19th Brazilian symposium on human factors in computing systems (IHC)

作者： de Sa, Matheus O. L. Araujo, Roberto Lima Sobrinho, Alberto C. Neto, Andre Silva Maximino, Gabriela S. Traore, Jacques Univ Fed Para Belem Para Brazil Orange Labs Caen France

ISBN: (纸本)9781450381727

Coercion is an inherent problem of any Internet election. Because there is no voting booth to protect the voter while she is voting, a coercer can easily influence them to choose his candidates. In order to mitigate these problems, coercion-resistant voting protocols employ the idea of voting credentials. Voters use their legitimate credentials to authorize the corresponding votes that will appear in the final tally. When voters are under coercion, they use fake credentials to deceive adversaries about their true vote intention. Credentials, however, are usually composed of large numeric values and have low usability to be used in real world elections. As a result, voters can incorrectly manage them and thus undermine the coercion-resistance. In this context, this work proposes a novel method to improve the credential usability called colored passwords. The new method is based on a known password technique and abstracts the numeric value of the credential. To show the application of the novel method, this work also applies the new method to a coercion-resistant voting system.

关键词： usabilidade eleições via internet resistência à coerção senhas coloridas

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Intelligent Adaptive Agents and Trust in Virtual and Augmented Reality

Intelligent Adaptive Agents and Trust in Virtual and Augment...

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19th IEEE International symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR)

作者： Sun, Ningyuan Botev, Jean Univ Luxembourg Dept Comp Sci Luxembourg Luxembourg

ISBN: (纸本)9781728176758

Intelligent adaptive agents (IAA) are rapidly evolving due to the sharp growth in computational power and recent advances in artificial intelligence research. From chatbots, over personal virtual assistants and decision-aiding systems, to self-driving systems, they can greatly facilitate common tasks and IAA are increasingly finding their way into many aspects of daily life. However, and often against better knowledge, users remain skeptical towards IAA, in particular when critical interests are involved. Virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR), with their experiential and immersive character, particularly allow for new ways of interaction and establishing trust between users and IAA. Taking a multidisciplinary approach, the research in this PhD project revolves around the fundamental factors and techniques to establish trust in order to facilitate and systemize the design of IAA in future VR/AR settings.

关键词： human-centered computing human computer interaction (HCI) HCI design and evaluation methods human-centered computing Interaction design computing methodologies Computer graphics Graphics systems and interfaces Virtual reality computing methodologies Computer graphics Graphics systems and interfaces Mixed/augmented reality

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STUART: An Intelligent Tutoring System for Increasing Scalability of Distance Education Courses 20

STUART: An Intelligent Tutoring System for Increasing Scalab...

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19th Brazilian symposium on human factors in computing systems (IHC)

作者： Damasceno, Adson R. P. Martins, Alan Rabelo Chagas, Matheus Lima Barros, Eudenia Magalhaes Maia, Paulo Henrique M. Oliveira, Francisco C. M. B. Univ Estadual Ceara Fortaleza Ceara Brazil Fed Inst Ceara Fortaleza Ceara Brazil Univ Fed Ceara Fortaleza Ceara Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781450381727

Context: Distance Education Courses in Virtual Learning Environments (VLE) employ tutors for pedagogical support, monitoring of students, and detecting possible dropouts. However, when courses have a higher number of students, there can be a work overload on human tutors, impacting their work quality. To mitigate this problem, artificial smart tutors can be used not only to increase the capacity to meet students' needs but also to improve the monitoring of their performance. Increasing the scalability of online courses can be achieved using an intelligent artificial tutor. Goal: Analyze the viability of an intelligent tutor in meeting the main tutoring demands made by students on Dell Accessible Learning platform. Method: We developed an artifact called STUART that monitors DAL and interacts with students, providing automation, intelligence, and support to the teaching and learning process. We programmed STUART to meet reactively and proactively students' main demands, based on the corpus of interactions scenarios on previous courses. Fourteen participants attended two classes of a Distance Education Course, with and without STUART, where interaction data were collected. Results: For 76% of the participants, STUART helped solve the more frequent problems in the pedagogical, technical, and content levels. There was an average reduction of 87% in the requests for a human tutor and a reduction of 27% in the time needed to finish tasks. That resulted in the preference of STUART compared to the human tutor for 85% of the students. SUS (usability assessment) scored 86.

关键词： intelligent tutoring systems learning management system distance education human-machine interaction artificial intelligence

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