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检索条件"任意字段=Proceedings of the ninth ACM SIGPLAN symposium on Principles and practice of parallel programming"

共 564 条记录，以下是271-280 订阅

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How's the parallel computing revolution going? 11

How's the parallel computing revolution going?

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proceedings of the 16th acm symposium on principles and practice of parallel programming

作者： Kathryn S. McKinley The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450301190

Two trends changed the computing landscape over the past decade: (1) hardware vendors started delivering chip multiprocessors (CMPs) instead of uniprocessors, and (2) software developers increasingly chose managed languages instead of native languages. Unfortunately, the former change is disrupting the virtuous-cycle between performance improvements and software innovation. Establishing a new parallel performance virtuous cycle for managed languages will require scalable applications executing on scalable Virtual Machine (VM) services, since the VM schedules, monitors, compiles, optimizes, garbage collects, and executes together with the application. This talk describes current progress, opportunities, and challenges for scalable VM services. The parallel computing revolution urgently needs more innovations.

关键词： multicore managed languages

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programming the cloud 11

Programming the cloud

引用

proceedings of the 16th acm symposium on principles and practice of parallel programming

作者： James R. Larus Microsoft Redmond WA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450301190

Client + cloud computing is a disruptive, new computing platform, combining diverse client devices -- PCs, smartphones, sensors, and single-function and embedded devices -- with the unlimited, on-demand computation and data storage offered by cloud computing services such as Amazon's AWS or Microsoft's Windows Azure. As with every advance in computing, programming is a fundamental challenge as client + cloud computing combines many difficult aspects of software development. Systems built for this world are inherently parallel and distributed, run on unreliable hardware, and must be continually available -- a challenging programming model for even the most skilled programmers. How then do ordinary programmers develop software for the Cloud? This talk presents one answer, Orleans, a software framework for building client + cloud applications. Orleans encourages use of simple concurrency patterns that are easy to understand and implement correctly, building on an actor-like model with declarative specification of persistence, replication, and consistency and using lightweight transactions to support the development of reliable and scalable client + cloud software.

关键词： distributed systems

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Intra-Application Shared Cache Partitioning For Multithreaded Applications

Intra-Application Shared Cache Partitioning For Multithreade...

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15th acm sigplan symposium on principles and practice of parallel programming

作者： Muralidhara, Sai Prashanth Kandemir, Mahmut Raghavan, Padma Penn State Univ University Pk PA 16802 USA

In this paper, we address the problem of partitioning a shared cache when the executing threads belong to the same application.

ISBN: (纸本)9781605587080

In this paper, we address the problem of partitioning a shared cache when the executing threads belong to the same application.

关键词： Cache Multicore parallel Applications

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Applying the Concurrent Collections programming Model to Asynchronous parallel Dense Linear Algebra

Applying the Concurrent Collections Programming Model to Asy...

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15th acm sigplan symposium on principles and practice of parallel programming

作者： Chandramowlishwaran, Aparna Knobe, Kathleen Vuduc, Richard Georgia Inst Technol Atlanta GA 30332 USA Intel Corp Santa Clara CA 95051 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781605587080

This poster is a case study on the application of a novel programming model, called Concurrent Collections (CnC), to the implementation of an asynchronous-parallel algorithm for computing the Cholesky factorization of dense matrices. In CnC, the programmer expresses her computation in terms of application-specific operations, partially-ordered by semantic scheduling constraints. We demonstrate the performance potential of CnC in this poster, by showing that our Cholesky implementation nearly matches or exceeds competing vendor-tuned codes and alternative programming models. We conclude that the CnC model is well-suited for expressing asynchronous-parallel algorithms on emerging multicore systems.

关键词： Algorithms Performance

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The Pilot Library for Novice MPI Programmers

The Pilot Library for Novice MPI Programmers

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15th acm sigplan symposium on principles and practice of parallel programming

作者： Carter, John D. Gardner, William B. Grewal, Gary Univ Guelph Sch Comp Sci Guelph ON N1G 2W1 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781605587080

The Pilot library is a new method for programming MPI-enabled clusters in C, targeted at novice parallel programmers. Formal elements from Communicating Sequential Processes (CSP) are used to realize a process/channel model of parallel computation that reduces opportunities for deadlock and other communication errors. This simple model, plus an application programming interface (API) styled after C's formatted I/O, are designed to make the library easy to learn. The Pilot library exists as a thin layer on top of any standard Message Passing Interface (MPI) implementation, preserving MPI's portability and efficiency, with little performance overhead arising as result of Pilot's additional features.

关键词： Design Languages high-performance computing cluster programming C MPI collective operations deadlock detection

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Structure-driven Optimizations for Amorphous Data-parallel Programs

Structure-driven Optimizations for Amorphous Data-parallel P...

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15th acm sigplan symposium on principles and practice of parallel programming

作者： Mendez-Lojo, Mario Nguyen, Donald Prountzos, Dimitrios Sui, Xin Hassaan, M. Amber Kulkarni, Milind Burtscher, Martin Pingali, Keshav Univ Texas Austin Inst Computat Engn & Sci Austin TX 78712 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781605587080

Irregular algorithms are organized around pointer-based data structures such as graphs and trees, and they are ubiquitous in applications. Recent work by the Galois project has provided a systematic approach for parallelizing irregular applications based on the idea of optimistic or speculative execution of programs. However, the overhead of optimistic parallel execution can be substantial. In this paper, we show that many irregular algorithms have structure that can be exploited and present three key optimizations that take advantage of algorithmic structure to reduce speculative overheads. We describe the implementation of these optimizations in the Galois system and present experimental results to demonstrate their benefits. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first system to exploit algorithmic structure to optimize the execution of irregular programs.

关键词： Amorphous Data-parallelism Irregular Programs Optimistic parallelization Synchronization Overheads Cautious Operator Implementations One-shot Optimization Iteration Coalescing

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Load Balancing on Speed

Load Balancing on Speed

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15th acm sigplan symposium on principles and practice of parallel programming

作者： Hofmeyr, Steven Iancu, Costin Blagojevic, Filip Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab Berkeley CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781605587080

To fully exploit multicore processors, applications are expected to provide a large degree of thread-level parallelism. While adequate for low core counts and their typical workloads, the current load balancing support in operating systems may not be able to achieve efficient hardware utilization for parallel workloads. Balancing run queue length globally ignores the needs of parallel applications where threads are required to make equal progress. In this paper we present a load balancing technique designed specifically for parallel applications running on multicore systems. Instead of balancing run queue length, our algorithm balances the time a thread has executed on "faster" and "slower" cores. We provide a user level implementation of speed balancing on UMA and NUMA multi-socket architectures running Linux and discuss behavior across a variety of workloads, usage scenarios and programming models. Our results indicate that speed balancing when compared to the native Linux load balancing improves performance and provides good performance isolation in all cases considered. Speed balancing is also able to provide comparable or better performance than DWRR, a fair multi-processor scheduling implementation inside the Linux kernel. Furthermore, parallel application performance is often determined by the implementation of synchronization operations and speed balancing alleviates the need for tuning the implementations of such primitives.

关键词： Experimentation Theory Performance Measurement Languages Design parallel programming Operating System Load Balancing Speed Balancing Multicore Multisocket

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Data Transformations Enabling Loop Vectorization on Multithreaded Data parallel Architectures

Data Transformations Enabling Loop Vectorization on Multithr...

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15th acm sigplan symposium on principles and practice of parallel programming

作者： Jang, Byunghyun Mistry, Perhaad Schaa, Dana Dominguez, Rodrigo Kaeli, David Northeastern Univ Dept ECE Boston MA 02115 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781605587080

Loop vectorization, a key feature exploited to obtain high performance on Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) vector architectures, is significantly hindered by irregular memory access patterns in the data stream. This paper describes data transformations that allow us to vectorize loops targeting massively multithreaded data parallel architectures. We present a mathematical model that captures loop-based memory access patterns and computes the most appropriate data transformations in order to enable vectorization. Our experimental results show that the proposed data transformations can significantly increase the number of loops that can be vectorized and enhance the data-level parallelism of applications. Our results also show that the overhead associated with our data transformations can be easily amortized as the size of the input data set increases. For the set of high performance benchmark kernels studied, we achieve consistent and significant performance improvements (up to 11.4X) by applying vectorization using our data transformation approach.

关键词： Loop Vectorization Data Transformation GPGPU

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Effective Communication and Computation Overlap with Hybrid MPI/SMPSs

Effective Communication and Computation Overlap with Hybrid ...

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15th acm sigplan symposium on principles and practice of parallel programming

作者： Marjanovic, Vladimir Labarta, Jesus Ayguade, Eduard Valero, Mateo Barcelona Supercomp Ctr BSC CNS Dept Comp Sci Barcelona Spain Tech Univ Catalunya UPC Comp Architecture Dept Barcelona Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781605587080

Communication overhead is one of the dominant factors affecting performance in high-performance computing systems. To reduce the negative impact of communication, programmers overlap communication and computation by using asynchronous communication primitives. This increases code complexity, requiring more development effort and making less readable programs. This paper presents the hybrid use of MPI and SMPSs (SMP superscalar, a task-based shared-memory programming model) that allows the programmer to easily introduce the asynchrony necessary to overlap communication and computation. We demonstrate the hybrid use of MPI/SMPSs with the high-performance LINPACK benchmark (HPL), and compare it to the pure MPI implementation, which uses the look-ahead technique to overlap communication and computation. The hybrid MPI/SMPSs version significantly improves the performance of the pure MPI version, getting close to the asymptotic performance at medium problem sizes and still getting significant benefits at small/large problem sizes.

关键词： Algorithms Performance Languages parallel programming model MPI hybrid MPI/SMPSs LINPACK

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Is Transactional programming Actually Easier?

Is Transactional Programming Actually Easier?

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15th acm sigplan symposium on principles and practice of parallel programming

作者： Rossbach, Christopher J. Hofmann, Owen S. Witchel, Emmett Univ Texas Austin Austin TX 78712 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781605587080

Chip multi-processors (CMPs) have become ubiquitous, while tools that ease concurrent programming have not. The promise of increased performance for all applications through ever more parallel hardware requires good tools for concurrent programming, especially for average programmers. Transactional memory (TM) has enjoyed recent interest as a tool that can help programmers program concurrently. The transactional memory (TM) research community is heavily invested in the claim that programming with transactional memory is easier than alternatives (like locks), but evidence for or against the veracity of this claim is scant. In this paper, we describe a user-study in which 237 undergraduate students in an operating systems course implement the same programs using coarse and fine-grain locks, monitors, and transactions. We surveyed the students after the assignment, and examined their code to determine the types and frequency of programming errors for each synchronization technique. Inexperienced programmers found baroque syntax a barrier to entry for transactional programming. On average, subjective evaluation showed that students found transactions harder to use than coarse-grain locks, but slightly easier to use than fine-grained locks. Detailed examination of synchronization errors in the students' code tells a rather different story. Overwhelmingly, the number and types of programming errors the students made was much lower for transactions than for locks. On a similar programming problem, over 70% of students made errors with fine-grained locking, while less than 10% made errors with transactions.

关键词： Design Performance Transactional Memory Optimistic Concurrency Synchronization

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