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检索条件"任意字段=Proceedings of the seventh workshop on Parallel and distributed simulation"

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A case study in simulating PCS networks using time warp

A case study in simulating PCS networks using time warp

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workshop on Principles of Advanced and distributed simulation (PADS)

作者： C.D. Carothers R.M. Fujimoto Yi-Bing Lin College of Computing Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA Bellcore Morristown NJ USA

There has been rapid growth in the demand for mobile communications over the past few years. This has led to intensive research and development efforts for complex PCS (personal communication service) networks. Capacity planning and performance modeling is necessary to maintain a high quality of service to the mobile subscriber while minimizing cost to the PCS provider. The need for flexible analysis tools and the high computational requirements of large PCS network simulations make it an excellent candidate for parallel simulation. Here, we describe our experiences in developing two PCS simulation models on a general purpose distributed simulation platform based on the Time Warp mechanism. These models utilize two widely used approaches to simulating PCS networks: (i) the call-initiated and (ii) the portable-initiated models. We discuss design decisions that were made in mapping these models to the Time Warp executive, and characterize the workloads resulting from these models in terms of factors such as communication locality and computation granularity. We then present performance measurements for their execution on a network of workstations. These measurements indicate that the call-initiated model generally outperforms the portable initiated model, but is not able to capture phenomenon such as the "busy line" effect. Moreover, these studies indicate that the high locality in large-scale PCS network simulations make them well-suited for execution on general purpose parallel and distributed simulation platforms.< >

关键词： Time warp simulation Personal communication networks Computational modeling Analytical models Mobile communication Research and development Capacity planning Quality of service Costs Computer networks

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SGTNE: semi-global time of the next event algorithm

SGTNE: semi-global time of the next event algorithm

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workshop on Principles of Advanced and distributed simulation (PADS)

作者： A. Boukerche C. Tropper School of Computer Science McGill University Montreal Canada

This paper describes an extension of the TNE algorithm, the objective of which is to increase its parallelism and to break the inter-processor deadlock inherent with the use of TNE. The algorithm, which we call the SGTNE algorithm (Semi Global TNE), is executed over a cluster of processors as opposed to TNE, which is executed over a cluster of processes assigned to a single processor. SGTNE helps to break the inter-processor deadlock by executing a shortest path algorithm over a snapshot of the LPs in a cluster of processors. This paper discusses the algorithm and its implementation and reports on the performance results of simulations of a partitioned FCFS queueing network model executed on the Intel Paragon A4 multiprocessor machine. We also examine the impact of partitioning on the efficient implementation of the SGTNE algorithm. The results obtained indicate that SGTNE yields good speedups and that a partitioning which makes use of a strongly connected component algorithm results in a reduction of 30% in the running time of a simulation when compared to simple partitioning strategies. The results also indicate that SGTNE outperforms TNE.< >

关键词： Partitioning algorithms Clustering algorithms System recovery Scheduling algorithm Computer science parallel processing Optimization methods Computational modeling

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Load-balancing and object-orientation: a case study from mesoscale flow modelling

Load-balancing and object-orientation: a case study from mes...

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Euromicro workshop on parallel and distributed Processing

作者： L. Buttner J. Gerlach German National Reserach Center for Computer Science Technical University Berlin Berlin Germany

parallel processing is a natural choice to achieve higher performance for many applications from the area of scientific computing. Among them, the models of atmospheric circulation attract public attention, since they can be used for the simulation of the impact of human activities on our environment. The paper promotes the use of object-oriented design techniques to implement large data parallel applications. Object-parallelism is a very natural means to express concurrency inherent in an application. Above this we feel, that in an object-oriented environment it is much easier to provide fairly general solutions for problems common to parallel processing. One of the challenging problems of parallel processing is load balancing. For a wider acceptance of parallel computers solutions must be offered by the parallel operating systems. Of course this cannot be done irrespective of the applications, when efficiency has to be taken into account, Here again an interface on object level is the appropriate choice to combine generality with efficiency. We present a case study for the object-oriented redesign of a simulation program. Based on an analysis of this application we show that its inherent load imbalances can be redressed by integration of a simple load balancing strategy. A performance improvement by 25% has been achieved.< >

关键词： parallel processing Object oriented modeling Atmospheric modeling Concurrent computing Application software Load management Scientific computing Computational modeling Humans Operating systems

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Fault-tolerant scheduling algorithm for distributed real-time systems

Fault-tolerant scheduling algorithm for distributed real-tim...

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workshop on parallel and distributed Real-Time Systems

作者： T. Tsuchiya Y. Kakuda T. Kikuno Department of Information and Computer Sciences Faculty of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka Japan

In a distributed real-time system, tolerance to faults on processing nodes in the system is achieved by means of redundant nodes and a fault-tolerant scheduling algorithm. Since redundant nodes increase total failure rate of the system, the number of such redundant nodes should be small. This paper proposes a procedure for fault-tolerant scheduling, which realizes fault-tolerance via a small number of redundant nodes. The procedure is based on such a technique that allows multiple copies of a task to be executed concurrently. It achieves efficient utilization of nodes by forcing copies being executed to terminate immediately after having obtained the first result of these copies. A fundamental scheduling algorithm, into which the procedure is incorporated, is defined and its simulation results are shown.< >

关键词： Fault tolerant systems Scheduling algorithm Real time systems Fault tolerance Fault detection distributed computing Processor scheduling Redundancy

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Design of a communication scheme for a distributed controller architecture using stochastic Petri nets

Design of a communication scheme for a distributed controlle...

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workshop on parallel and distributed Real-Time Systems

作者： C. Kelling J. Henz G. Hommel Institut fur Technische Informatik Technische Universitat Berlin Berlin Germany

This paper describes a modeling project which was established to support the design of a distributed controller system. An anthropomorphic robot hand is the target system. Stochastic Petri net models for different communication schemes were developed in order to predict the performance of the considered systems. For a given workload a bus communication can not be used, but two alternative ring structures are able to meet the predefined timing requirements. Design and performance evaluation of the models were realized using the new Petri net tool TimeNET, which allows the modeling with non-Markovian Petri nets and combines a graphical user interface with powerful solution and simulation methods.< >

关键词： distributed control Communication system control Power system modeling Control system synthesis Anthropomorphism Robots Stochastic systems Predictive models Timing Petri nets

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Clustered time warp and logic simulation

Clustered time warp and logic simulation

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workshop on Principles of Advanced and distributed simulation (PADS)

作者： H. Avril C. Tropper School of Computer Science McGill University Montreal Canada

We present, in this paper, a hybrid algorithm which makes use of Time Warp between clusters of LPs and a sequential algorithm within the cluster. Time Warp is, of course, traditionally implemented between individual LPs. The algorithm was implemented in a digital logic simulator, and its performance compared to that of Time Warp. Resting upon this platform we develop a family of three checkpointing algorithms, each of which occupies a different point in the spectrum of possible trade-offs between memory usage and execution time. The algorithms were implemented on several digital logic circuits and their speed, number of states saved and maximal memory consumption were compared to those of Time Warp. One of the algorithms saved between 35 and 50% of the maximal memory consumed by Time Warp (depending upon the number of processors used), while the other two decreased the maximal usage up to 30%. The latter two algorithms exhibited a speed comparable to Time Warp, while the first algorithm was 30-60% slower. These algorithms are also simpler to implement than optimal checkpointing algorithms.< >

关键词： Time warp simulation Computational modeling Circuit simulation Clustering algorithms Logic circuits Checkpointing Protocols Computer science System recovery Memory management

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Design issues and the system architecture of TICOM-IV, a highly parallel commercial computer

Design issues and the system architecture of TICOM-IV, a hig...

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Euromicro workshop on parallel and distributed Processing

作者： Yang-Woo Kim Sei-Woong Oh Jin-Won Park Computer Division Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute TaeJon South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)0818670312

We describe design issues and preliminary considerational factors for highly parallel commercial computer design. The design issues described in this paper include application area analysis, scalability, availability, network topology and memory hierarchy. We explain how these issues are related to each other and how they affect the system performance. We then describe the system architecture of TICOM-IV, a highly parallel commercial computer, and show how the design issues and the trade-offs are taken into consideration in the course of the system design. Then the architectural model is simulated in order to optimize the system performance. The simulation result shows that TICOM-IV has good performance scalability. This paper also includes some findings in the development trend for parallel computer systems from a survey of 11 commercialized parallel computers.< >

关键词： Computer architecture Concurrent computing parallel processing Application software Computational modeling Decision support systems Scalability System performance Electronic equipment testing Multiprocessing systems

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Hybrid specification and formal distributed heterogeneous prototyping of distributed real-time systems

Hybrid specification and formal distributed heterogeneous pr...

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Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems

作者： N. Zakhama P. Estraillier Télésystèmes France Laboratoire MASI University Paris VI CNRS Institut Blaise Pascal Paris France

The Boehm spiral model is a generic risk-driven software development model. The design of low level risk elements is postponed until the high risk elements are stabilized. The Spiral model accommodates to rapid prototyping to solve various risk kinds. It also accommodates to incremental distributed heterogeneous prototyping to support concurrent engineering, which may be organized around subsystems and/or levels of risk. The approach presented in this paper supports rapid prototyping through target code generation, and incremental distributed heterogeneous prototyping via interconnection of high level models (SA/RT-VDM-SL) to generated target code (Ada). The approach is formal, suitable for the development of real-time systems and enables validation twofolds. Formal verification of a kernel low level notation specification, and simulation testing based validation of the high level notation specification.

关键词： Prototypes Real time systems High level synthesis Software prototyping Spirals Risk management Petri nets Animation Programming Costs

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Buffer management in shared-memory time warp systems

Buffer management in shared-memory time warp systems

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workshop on Principles of Advanced and distributed simulation (PADS)

作者： R.M. Fujimoto K.S. Panesar College of Computing Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA

Mechanisms for managing message buffers in Time Warp parallel simulations executing on cache-coherent shared-memory multiprocessors are studied. Two simple buffer management strategies called the sender pool and receiver pool mechanisms are examined with respect to their efficiency, and in particular, their interaction with multiprocessor cache-coherence protocols. Measurements of implementations on a Kendall Square Research KSR-2 machine using both synthetic workloads and benchmark applications demonstrate that sender pools offer significant performance advantages over receiver pools. However, it is also observed that both schemes, especially the sender pool mechanism, are prone to severe performance degradations due to poor locality of reference in large simulations using substantial amounts of message buffer memory. A third strategy called the partitioned buffer pool approach is proposed that exploits the advantages of sender pools, but exhibits much better locality. Measurements of this approach indicate that the partitioned pool mechanism yields substantially better performance than both the sender and receiver pool schemes for large-scale, small-granularity parallel simulation applications. The central conclusions from this study are: (1) buffer management strategies play an important role in determining the overall efficiency of multiprocessor-based parallel simulators, and (2) the partitioned buffer pool organization offers significantly better performance than the sender and receiver pool schemes. These studies demonstrate that poor performance may result if proper attention is not paid to realizing an efficient buffer management mechanism.< >

关键词： Computational modeling Circuit simulation Large-scale systems Concurrent computing Discrete event simulation Educational institutions Time sharing computer systems Time warp simulation Protocols Degradation

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Performance comparable design of efficient synchronization protocols for distributed simulation

Performance comparable design of efficient synchronization p...

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International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis and simulation of Computer and Telecommunication Systems (MASCOTS)

作者： G. Chiola A. Ferscha Dipartimento di Informatica Università di Torino Torino Italy Institut fuür Angewandte Informatik und Informationssysteme Universität Wien Vienna Austria

A large number of variations of distributed simulation protocols have been proposed in the literature. Their performances, however, could not be compared directly, due to different implementation strategies, different optimizations and different software environments as well as parallel hardware platforms. To rank the protocols accurate enough with respect to their execution performance the only practical evaluation, consists in implementing different alternatives and measure their relative performance on significant test cases. In this paper we demonstrate the possibility of simultaneous implementation of the three substantially different protocols starting from a single program skeleton. A clear separation of the simulation part and the synchronisation part of the protocols and reuse of code for more than one variant are the key concepts.< >

关键词： Protocols Discrete event simulation Computational modeling Software performance Hardware Testing parallel processing Constraint optimization distributed computing Proposals

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