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检索条件"任意字段=Proceedings of the sixteenth workshop on Parallel and distributed simulation"

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A causality based time management mechanism for federated simulation

A causality based time management mechanism for federated si...

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workshop on Principles of Advanced and distributed simulation (PADS)

作者： Bu-Sung Lee Wentong Cai Junlan Zhou School of Computer Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)076951104X

One of the six categories of management services provided in the Run Time Infrastructure (RTI) to federated simulations is time management. Currently, it provides only two message ordering policies, that is, time stamp ordering and receipt ordering. Temporal anomalies occurring during the execution of federation due to the heterogeneous latencies in the communication network are not handled in receipt ordering. While time stamp ordering eliminates the temporal anomalies entirely, it incurs great communication latency, and huge bandwidth requirement. The paper presents a novel time management mechanism which provides a less costly message ordering service, namely causal ordering, to federates. It does not require the specification of lookahead and allows federates that do not require stringent message ordering properties to achieve much more efficient execution. A series of experiments has been carried out to benchmark the performance of this new time management mechanism and the results show that it includes a slight overhead compared to the receipt ordering mechanism but achieves significant performance improvement over the time stamp ordering mechanism.

关键词： Delay Computational modeling Technology management Engineering management Bandwidth Computer simulation Communication networks Runtime Large-scale systems Communication system control

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Performance evaluation of an integrated instrumentation system

Performance evaluation of an integrated instrumentation syst...

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International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis and simulation of Computer and Telecommunication Systems (MASCOTS)

作者： A. Waheed D.T. Rover Department of Electrical Engineering Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA

With increasing sophistication of parallel tool development technologies, runtime data collection and management activities are receiving greater attention from tool developers. We define an instrumentation system (IS) as a set of modules and functions that collect runtime data from concurrent processes and support an integrated tool environment by sharing this data along with specific control information. Presently, it is not standard practice to formally evaluate the performance and functionality of a tool early in its development. Usability and efficiency studies of prototypical tools are emerging to alleviate this situation. However; the underlying IS is removed from the end-user and is part of system infrastructure, thus necessitating more rigorous evaluation. We are developing a structured approach to plan, design, model, realize, and test an IS, called the Vista IS, to appropriately address these issues.

关键词： Instruments Prototypes Runtime Technology management System testing Standards development Usability distributed computing Real time systems Engineering management

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Dag consistent parallel simulation: a predictable and robust conservative algorithm 97

Dag consistent parallel simulation: a predictable and robust...

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proceedings of the eleventh workshop on parallel and distributed simulation

作者： Wentong Cai Emmanuelle Letertre Stephen J. Turner School of Applied Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 IFSIC Universié de Rennes I Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes Cedex France and Dept. of Computer Science University of Exeter Exeter EX4 4PT U.K. Dept. of Computer Science University of Exeter Exeter EX4 4PT U.K.

ISBN: (纸本)9780818679650

We present a novel approach to parallel discrete event simulation based on the Cilk model of multithreaded computation. Cilk's runtime system not only manages the low-level aspects of program execution, but also provides the user with an algorithmic model of performance which can be used to predict the execution time of a parallel simulation. Moreover, a Cilk application can ``scale down'' to run on a single processor with nearly the same performance as that of serial code.A conservative parallel discrete event simulation algorithm has been developed in which communication between logical processes is achieved using Cilk's virtual memory model, dag consistent shared memory. The simulation executes in cycles, where each cycle involves a divide and conquer computation. Although local lookahead information can be exploited, the algorithm is robust in that it also calculates a global simulation time for each cycle. It can therefore be used for applications where zero lookahead may occur.

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On event ordering in parallel discrete event simulation 99

On event ordering in parallel discrete event simulation

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proceedings of the thirteenth workshop on parallel and distributed simulation

作者： Robert Rönngren Michael Liljenstam Dept. of Teleinformatics Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Electrum 204 S-164 40 Kista (Stockholm) Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9780769501550

Ordering of simultaneous events in DES is an important issue as it has an impact on modelling expressiveness, model correctness as well as causal dependencies. In sequential DES this is a problem which has attracted much attention over the years and most systems provide the user with tools to deal with such issues. This has also attracted some attention within the PDES community and we present an overview of these efforts. We have, however, not yet found a scheme which provides us with the desired functionality. Thus, we present and evaluate some simple schemes to achieve a well defined ordering of events and means to identify both causally dependent and independent events with identical timestamps in the context of optimistic simulations. These schemes should be applicable also to conservative PDES.

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Causality representation and cancellation mechanism in time warp simulations

Causality representation and cancellation mechanism in time ...

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workshop on Principles of Advanced and distributed simulation (PADS)

作者： M. Chetlur P.A. Wilsey Department of ECECS Experimental Computing Laboratory Cincinnati OH USA

ISBN: (纸本)076951104X

The Time Warp synchronization protocol allows causality errors and then recovers from them with the assistance of a cancellation mechanism. Cancellation can cause the rollback of several other simulation objects that may trigger a cascading rollback situation where the rollback cycles back to the original simulation object. These cycles of rollback can cause the simulation to enter an unstable (or thrashing) state where little real forward simulation progress is achieved. To address this problem, knowledge of causal relations between events can be used during cancellation to avoid cascading rollbacks and to initiate early recovery operations from causality errors. In this paper we describe a logical time representation for Time Warp simulations that is used to disseminate causality information. The new timestamp representation, called Total Clocks, has two components: (i) a virtual time component, and (ii) a vector of event counters similar to Vector clocks. The virtual time component provides a one dimensional global simulation time and the vector of event counters records event processing rates by the simulation objects. This time representation allows us to disseminate causality information during event execution that can be used to allow early recovery, during cancellation. We propose a cancellation mechanism using Total Clocks that allows cascading rollbacks in Time Warp simulations that have FIFO communication channels.

关键词： Time warp simulation Clocks Computational modeling Synchronization Counting circuits Discrete event simulation Laboratories Protocols Acceleration

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Effective values: an approach for characterizing dependability parameters

Effective values: an approach for characterizing dependabili...

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International Conference and workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems

作者： S. Noureddine A. Lehmann Department of Computer Engineering University of Federal Armed Forces Munich Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0769510868

The authors discuss a novel direction for evaluating system dependability. The research efforts outlined are part of a special focus concerning the dependability of complex distributed systems at the Department of Computer Engineering of the Federal Armed Forces University in Munich, Germany. Our approach emphasizes the behavior of components after they have been embedded in a system. We use the notion of effective values for the analysis and estimation of key dependability parameters. The concept is targeted to unify performance characterization with the dependability. Besides analysis, we report on some simulation results, which were in favor of our assumptions.

关键词： Hardware Application software Availability distributed computing Computer applications Computer science Military computing Concurrent computing parallel algorithms Computational complexity

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Optimistic distributed simulation based on transitive dependency tracking 97

Optimistic distributed simulation based on transitive depend...

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proceedings of the eleventh workshop on parallel and distributed simulation

作者： Om P. Damani Yi-Min Wang Vijay K. Garg Dept. of Computer Sci. Uni. of Texas at Austin AT&T Labs-Research Murray Hill NJ Dept. of Elect. & Comp. Eng Uni. of Texas at Austin

ISBN: (纸本)9780818679650

In traditional optimistic distributed simulation protocols, a logical process (LP) receiving a straggler rolls back and sends out anti-messages. The receiver of an anti-message may also roll back and send out more anti-messages. So a single straggler may result in a large number of anti-messages and multiple rollbacks of some LPs. In the authors' protocol, an LP receiving a straggler broadcasts its rollback. On receiving this announcement, other LPs may roll back but they do not announce their rollbacks. So each LP rolls back at most once in response to each straggler. Anti-messages are not used. This eliminates the need for output queues and results in simple memory management. It also eliminates the problem of cascading rollbacks and echoing, and results in faster simulation. All this is achieved by a scheme for maintaining transitive dependency information. The cost incurred includes the tagging of each message with extra dependency information and the increased processing time upon receiving a message. They also present the similarities between the two areas of distributed simulation and distributed recovery. They show how the solutions for one area can be applied to the other area.

关键词： straggler logical process anti-messages transitive dependency information distributed recovery message tagging time warp simulation memory management transitive dependency tracking optimistic distributed simulation protocols rollback broadcasting optimistic distributed simulation process rollback dependency information

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Combining periodic and probabilistic checkpointing in optimistic simulation 99

Combining periodic and probabilistic checkpointing in optimi...

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proceedings of the thirteenth workshop on parallel and distributed simulation

作者： Francesco Quaglia Dipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica Università di Roma "La Sapienza" Via Salaria 113 00198 Roma Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9780769501550

This paper presents a checkpointing scheme for optimistic simulation which is a mixed approach between periodic and probabilistic checkpointing. The latter, basing on statistical data collected during the simulation, aims at recording as checkpoints states of a logical process that have high probability to be restored due to rollback (this is done in order to make those states immediately available). The periodic part prevents performance degradation due to state reconstruction (coasting forward) cost whenever the collected statistics do not allow to identify states highly likely to be ***, this scheme can be seen as a highly general solution to tackle the checkpoint problem in optimistic simulation. A performance comparison with previous solutions is carried out through a simulation study of a store-and-forward communication network in a two-dimensional torus topology.

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A parallel neurochip for neural networks implementing the reactive tabu search algorithm: application case studies

A parallel neurochip for neural networks implementing the re...

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Euromicro workshop on parallel and distributed Processing

作者： G. Danese I. De Lotto F. Leporati A. Quaglini S. Ramat G. Tecchioili INFM sez. Pavia Pavia Italia Dip. di Informatica e Sistemistica Università di Pavia Italy Neuricam S. p. A Via S. Maria Maddalena Trento Italia

ISBN: (纸本)0769509878

In this work we present two different applications implemented on the neurocomputer Totem Nc3001 from Neuricam Inc. The goal of the experimentation is to test, on real problems, the performance of this powerful parallel unit consisting of 32 Digital Signal Processors (DSPs) and to evaluate its suitability to neural network applications. The first problem implemented is a typical classification algorithm in which the network recognises which points belong to different regions inside a 2D space. The second problem is more computationally heavy and consists of a network able to reproduce the eye movements, if properly stimulated. A comparison is reported between Matlab implementations or handwritten code run on workstations and the performance obtained from the Totem chip.

关键词： Neural networks Artificial neural networks Signal processing algorithms Computational modeling Multilayer perceptrons Digital signal processors Digital signal processing Mathematical model Circuit simulation Testing

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Efficient massively parallel simulation of dynamic channel assignment schemes for wireless cellular communications

Efficient massively parallel simulation of dynamic channel a...

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International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis and simulation of Computer and Telecommunication Systems (MASCOTS)

作者： A.G. Greenberg B.D. Lubachevsky P.E. Wright D.M. Nicol AT and T Bell Laboratories Inc. USA College of William and Mary USA

Fast, efficient parallel algorithms are presented for discrete event simulations of dynamic channel assignment schemes for wireless cellular communication networks. The driving events are call arrivals and departures, in continuous time, to cells geographically distributed across the service area. A dynamic channel assignment scheme decides which call arrivals to accept, and which channels to allocate to the accepted calls, attempting to minimize call blocking while ensuring co-channel interference is tolerably low. Specifically, the scheme ensures that the same channel is used concurrently at different cells only if the pairwise distances between those cells are sufficiently large. Much of the complexity of the system comes from ensuring this separation. The network is modeled as a system of interacting continuous time automata, each corresponding to a cell. To simulate the model, we use conservative methods; i.e., methods in which no errors occur in the course of the simulation and so no rollback or relaxation is needed. Implemented on a 16 K processor MasPar MP-1, an elegant and simple technique provides speedups of about 15/spl times/ over an optimized serial simulation running on a high speed workstation. A drawback of this technique, typical of conservative methods, is that processor utilization is rather low. To overcome this, we developed new methods that exploit slackness in event dependencies over short intervals of time, thereby raising the utilization to above 50% and the speedup over the optimized serial code to about 120/spl times/ with respect to the workstation simulation.< >

关键词： Discrete event simulation Resource management Cellular networks Workstations Wireless communication Automata Land mobile radio cellular systems Educational institutions parallel algorithms Communication networks

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