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A technique for the distributed simulation of parallel computers

A technique for the distributed simulation of parallel compu...

引用

International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis and simulation of Computer and Telecommunication Systems (MASCOTS)

作者： L. Ricciulli SRI International Inc. USA

A new technique for the efficient asynchronous discrete event-driven simulation of parallel shared-memory computers is proposed. Our execution-driven methodology, while introducing minimal synchronization overhead to maintain a coherent distributed event causality relation, allows complete virtualization of the design at all levels and therefore is very flexible. We give a detailed description of the proposed technique together with some preliminary performance results we obtained by implementing our parallelization technique on a CM-5 computer.< >

关键词： Computational modeling Computer simulation Concurrent computing distributed computing Discrete event simulation Context modeling Hardware Access protocols Contracts parallel machines

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An improved cost function for static partitioning of parallel circuit simulations using a conservative synchronization protocol

An improved cost function for static partitioning of paralle...

引用

workshop on Principles of Advanced and distributed simulation (PADS)

作者： K.L. Kapp T.C. Hartrum T.S. Wailes Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering School of Engineering Air Force Institute of Technology USA

Distributing computation among multiple processors is one approach to reducing simulation time for large VLSI circuit designs. However, parallel simulation introduces the problem of how to partition the logic gates and system behaviors of the circuit among the available processors in order to obtain maximum speedup. A complicating factor that is often ignored is the effect of the time-synchronization protocol (conservative or optimistic). Inherent in the partitioning problem is the question of how to effectively measure the relative quality of a partition. This paper describes an objective cost function for measuring the relative quality of a task partition that includes a synchronization factor for a conservative NULL-message protocol. A graph-based partitioning tool based on this cost function is used to perform the static task allocation for parallel simulation of a structural VHDL circuit. Results for two 1000-4000 gate circuits demonstrate that the additional consideration of the synchronization protocol in the cost function generates partitions that exhibit improved speedup.< >

关键词： Cost function Circuit simulation Protocols Circuit synthesis Iterative algorithms Computational modeling Computer simulation Very large scale integration Discrete event simulation Context modeling

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Super-criticality revisited

Super-criticality revisited

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workshop on Principles of Advanced and distributed simulation (PADS)

作者： S. Srinivasan P.F. Reynolds Department of Computer Science University of Virginia-Thornton Hall Charlottesville VA USA

Critical path analysis has been suggested as a technique for establishing a lower bound on the completion times of parallel discrete event simulations. A protocol is super-critical if there is at least one simulation that can complete in less than the critical path time using that protocol. Previous studies have shown that several practical protocols are super-critical while others are not. We present a sufficient condition to demonstrate that a protocol is super-critical. Also, we show that a condition used in a previous study is not sufficient but is necessary for super-criticality. It has been claimed that super-criticality requires independence of one or more messages (states) on events in the logical past of those messages (states). We present an example which contradicts this claim and examine the implications of this contradiction on lower bounds.< >

关键词： Protocols Discrete event simulation Sufficient conditions Safety Computer science Analytical models Event detection

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Iterated Runge-Kutta methods on distributed memory multiprocessors

Iterated Runge-Kutta methods on distributed memory multiproc...

引用

Euromicro workshop on parallel and distributed Processing

作者： T. Rauber G. Runger Computer Science Department Universität des Saarlandes Saarbruecken Germany

In this article, we consider the iterated Runge-Kutta (IRK) method which is an iteration method based on a predictor-corrector scheme for the solution of ordinary differential equations. The method uses embedded formulae to control the stepsize. We present different algorithms of the IRK method on distributed memory multiprocessors using appropriate communication primitives. The theoretical performance analysis and a runtime simulation allow us to value the presented algorithms. An implementation on the Intel iPSC/860 confirms the predicted runtimes.< >

关键词： Runtime Differential equations Communication system control Partial differential equations Performance analysis parallel algorithms Computer science Analytical models Predictive models Power engineering and energy

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parallel discrete-event simulation (PDES): a case study in design, development, and performance using SPEEDES

Parallel discrete-event simulation (PDES): a case study in d...

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workshop on Principles of Advanced and distributed simulation (PADS)

作者： F. Wieland E. Blair T. Zukas MITRE Corporation McLean VA USA

Can parallel simulations efficiently exploit a network of workstations? Why haven't PDES models followed standard modeling methodologies? Will the field of PDES survive, and if so, in what form? Researchers in the PDES field have addressed these questions and others in a series of papers published in the last few years. The purpose of this paper is to shed light on these questions, by documenting on actual case study of the development of an optimistically synchronized PDES application on a network of workstations. This paper is unique in that its focus is not necessarily on performance, but on the whole process of developing a model, from the physical system being simulated, through its conceptual design, validation, implementation, and, of course, its performance. This paper also presents the first reported performance results indicating the impact of risk on performance. The results suggest that the optimal value of risk is sensitive to the latency parameters of the communications network.< >

关键词： Discrete event simulation Computer aided software engineering Delay Airports Air traffic control Workstations Aircraft manufacture Intelligent networks Communication networks Operations research

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A distributed computer architecture for qualitative simulation based on a multi-DSP and FPGAs

A distributed computer architecture for qualitative simulati...

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Euromicro workshop on parallel and distributed Processing

作者： M. Platzner B. Rinner R. Weiss Institute for Technical Informatics Graz University of Technology Austria Technische Universitat Graz Graz Steiermark AT Inst. for Tech. Inf. Graz Univ. of Technol. Austria

The design of a specialized computer architecture for qualitative simulation is presented. Our interest focuses on the hardware design of an application-specific computer architecture which is composed of programmable processors (digital signal processors TMS320C40) and application-specific integrated circuits (FPGAs). Two design strategies are considered to improve the performance. Primitive functions are hardware-implemented using FPGAs (software/hardware migration). More complex functions are mapped onto a multi processor system formed by TMS320C40. This computer architecture is designed for the well known algorithm for qualitative simulation-QSIM. In this paper we present the design of a computer architecture for the constraint-check-function-a function of the QSIM kernel.< >

关键词： Computer architecture Computational modeling Computer simulation Circuit simulation Hardware Field programmable gate arrays Signal design Digital signal processors Application specific integrated circuits Algorithm design and analysis

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Flexible data parallel training of neural networks using MIMD-Computers

Flexible data parallel training of neural networks using MIM...

引用

Euromicro workshop on parallel and distributed Processing

作者： M. Besch H.W. Pohl German National Research Center for Computer Science GMD FIRST Berlin Germany German Nat. Res. Center for Comput. Sci. Berlin Germany

An approach to flexible and efficient data parallel simulation of neural networks on large scale MIMD machines is presented. We regard the exploitation of the inherent parallelism of neural network models as necessary if larger networks and training data sets respectively are to be considered. Nevertheless it is essential to provide the flexibility for investigating various training algorithms or creating new ones without intimate knowledge of the underlaying hardware architecture and communication subsystem. We therefore encapsulated functional units being substantial with respect to the parallel execution. Based on these components even complex training algorithms can be formulated as a sequential program while the details of the parallelization are transparent. Communication tasks are performed very efficiently by using a distributed logarithmic tree. This logical structure additionally allows a direct mapping of the algorithm on various important parallel architectures. Finally a theoretical time complexity model is given and the correspondence to empirical data is shown.< >

关键词： Neural networks parallel processing Concurrent computing Backpropagation algorithms Object oriented modeling Computational modeling Computer simulation Large-scale systems parallel algorithms distributed computing

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VIZIR: an integrated environment for distributed program visualization

VIZIR: an integrated environment for distributed program vis...

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International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis and simulation of Computer and Telecommunication Systems (MASCOTS)

作者： M.C. Hao A.H. Karp A. Waheed M. Jazayeri Hewlett Packard Research Laboratories Palo Alto CA USA

VIZIR provides an integrated mechanism for on-line debugging, performance analysis, and data visualization of message-passing parallel applications. The current VIZIR includes: (1) a mechanism to multicast window-based commands, message passing and program execution events among tasks; (2) the ability to select groups of tasks to interact these events; (3) a means to report when these events cause errors in the tasks; and (4) ad hoc visualization of distributed arrays using existing visualizers.< >

关键词： Data visualization Debugging distributed computing Computer networks parallel architectures Performance analysis Message passing parallel processing Concurrent computing parallel machines

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Load balancing in parallel and distributed processing of tree-based multiple-task jobs

Load balancing in parallel and distributed processing of tre...

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Euromicro workshop on parallel and distributed Processing

作者： L. Borzemski Institute of Control and Systems Engineering Technical University of Wroclaw Wroclaw Poland

The efficient processing of tree based multiple task jobs arriving in batches to parallel and distributed systems is presented. This type of processing can be found in such application fields as, for example, automatic diagnostics and document recognition. A key management issue in such systems is task allocation. Load balancing is often proposed as the task allocation approach. The load balancing algorithms are employed to improve the throughput of the system by distribution of the incoming workload evenly among the processors in the system. The problem-specific static algorithms as well as general dynamic load balancing algorithms have been developed for supporting batch processing of tree based multiple task jobs. The proposed algorithms have been studied through simulation. Prescheduling load balancing algorithms have been evaluated as superior to other algorithms investigated.< >

关键词： Load management distributed processing Decision making Decision trees Application software Throughput distributed computing Character recognition Pattern recognition Automatic control

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Effectiveness of global event queues in rollback reduction and load balancing

Effectiveness of global event queues in rollback reduction a...

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workshop on Principles of Advanced and distributed simulation (PADS)

作者： S.K. Prasad B. Naqib Mathematics and Computer Science Georgia State University Atlanta USA

Compared to highly optimized optimistic simulators which use local event queues for individual processors on a shared-memory computer, we demonstrate that employing a single global event queue drastically reduces the number of rollbacks, brings down the storage requirements, and achieves superior load balance. On a bus-based Silicon Graphics multiprocessor, these virtues consistently translated into faster execution times and higher speedups on those synthetic networks of medium- to coarse-grained logical processes which were ridden with rollbacks and load imbalance on local-queue-based simulators. A dynamic randomization-based load distribution scheme for local-event-queue simulators is also shown to be an effective improvement.< >

关键词： Load management Discrete event simulation Computational modeling Computer simulation Clocks Mathematics Computer science Silicon Computer graphics Partitioning algorithms

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