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检索条件"任意字段=Proceedings of the thirteenth workshop on Parallel and distributed simulation"

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Using PVM to implement a distributed dependable simulation system

Using PVM to implement a distributed dependable simulation s...

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Euromicro workshop on parallel and distributed Processing

作者： V. Gianuzzi F. Merani Dipartimento di Informatica e Scienze dellInformazione Università di Genova Genoa Italy

In the past decade, the use of distributed algorithms to model simulations is considerably increased, in order to gain speedup over traditional sequential simulations. Also, there has been much interest in using inexpensive, powerful workstation nets, with high speed interconnection, instead of expensive parallel computers. In this paper, we briefly present the kernel of a distributed system (PV/sup 2/M) implemented on top of PVM routines, where synchronization is based on the concept of Virtual Time. Special emphasis is given to the fault tolerant mechanisms provided in it. PV/sup 2/M implements a checkpoint-restart mechanism, with respect to processes located on non master hosts, in such a way as to be 1-resilient with respect to failures occurring to these hosts.< >

关键词： Workstations Clocks Power system interconnection Synchronization distributed algorithms Power system modeling Computational modeling Concurrent computing Kernel Fault tolerance

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A fast asynchronous GVT algorithm for shared memory multiprocessor architectures

A fast asynchronous GVT algorithm for shared memory multipro...

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workshop on Principles of Advanced and distributed simulation (PADS)

作者： Z. Xiao F. Gomes B. Unger J. Cleary University of Calgary Canada University of Waikato New Zealand

The computation of Global Virtual Time is of fundamental importance in Time Warp based parallel Discrete Event simulation Systems. Shared memory multiprocessor architectures can support interprocess communication with much smaller overheads than distributed memory systems. This paper presents a new, completely asynchronous, Gvt algorithm which provides very fast and accurate Gvt estimation with significantly lower overhead than previous approaches. The algorithm presented is able to support more efficient memory management, termination, and other global control mechanisms. The Gvt algorithm described enables any Time Warp entity to compute Gvt at any time without slowing down other entities, in particular those executing on the critical path. Experimental results are presented for a shared memory Time Warp system that employs a two tiered distributed memory management scheme. The proof of the correctness and the accuracy of the algorithm are also presented. Finally, some suggestions on possible further optimization of the implementation are given.< >

关键词： Memory architecture Memory management Concurrent computing Discrete event simulation Computer architecture Computational modeling Algorithm design and analysis Costs Termination of employment Message passing

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A study of network routers for real-time parallel computers

A study of network routers for real-time parallel computers

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workshop on parallel and distributed Real-Time Systems

作者： A. Saha R. Neogi Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering NSFERC for Computational Field Simulation Mississippi State University MS USA Motorola Austin TX USA

A candidate network function is accurately defined for real-time parallel computers. A concise, time-driven, flit-based, priority-driven, wormhole-routed, network simulator has been designed. Experimentation is performed by monitoring the latency and the throughput with variations in different network parameters. Initially the destination address, message length and message priority are generated randomly with a uniform distribution. Then, various non-uniformities are introduced to mimic realistic applications. Results are plotted and analyzed.< >

关键词： Computer networks Concurrent computing Delay Routing Virtual colonoscopy Transfer functions Network topology Computational modeling Real time systems System recovery

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Probabilistic adaptive direct optimism control in time warp

Probabilistic adaptive direct optimism control in time warp

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workshop on Principles of Advanced and distributed simulation (PADS)

作者： A. Ferscha Institut für Angewandte Informatik Universität Wien Vienna Austria

In a distributed memory environment the communication overhead of Time Warp as induced by the rollback procedure due to "overoptimistic" progression of the simulation is the dominating performance factor. To limit optimism to an extent that can be justified from the inherent model parallelism, an optimism control mechanism is proposed, which by maintaining a history record of virtual time differences from the time stamps carried by arriving messages, and forecasting the timestamps of forthcoming messages, probabilistically delays the execution of scheduled events to avoid potential rollback and associated communication overhead (antimessages). After investigating statistical forecast methods which express only the central tendency of the arrival process, we demonstrate that arrival processes in the context of Time Warp simulations of timed Petri nets have certain predictable and consistent ARIMA characteristics, which encourage the use of sophisticated and recursive forecast procedures based on those models. Adaptiveness is achieved in two respects: the synchronization behavior of logical processes automatically adjusts to that point in the continuum between optimistically progressing and conservatively blocking, that is the most adequate for (i) the specific simulation model and (ii) the communication/computation speed characteristics of the underlying execution platform.< >

关键词： Programmable control Adaptive control Communication system control Time warp simulation Predictive models parallel processing History Delay effects Petri nets Context modeling

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The treatment of state in optimistic systems

The treatment of state in optimistic systems

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workshop on Principles of Advanced and distributed simulation (PADS)

作者： D. Bruce Defence Research Agency Malvern UK

Optimistic computation methods typically save copies of objects' state information, so that they can recover from erroneous 'over-optimistic' computations. Such state saving is generally time and space consuming, and can be rather complicated both to implement and to use. I show how the data structure community's theory of persistence can be used not only to analyse and explain the treatment of state in optimistic systems, but also as a simple yet general mechanism for performing the necessary state saving with minimal impact on application code. Preliminary results based on a benchmark application and an existing optimistic simulator are presented, showing that providing support for fully general object states is a realistic and practical option. In addition, I show how some existing state saving techniques-including support for shared state-can be derived, and discuss a number of ways in which the model might be extended.< >

关键词： Optimization methods Data structures Discrete event simulation Performance analysis Protocols Silver Insulation Data mining

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Global virtual time and distributed synchronization

Global virtual time and distributed synchronization

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workshop on Principles of Advanced and distributed simulation (PADS)

作者： J.S. Steinman C.A. Lee L.F. Wilson D.M. Nicol Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA AeroSpace Corporation El Segundo CA USA NASA Langley Research Center ICASE Hampton VA USA Department of Computer Science College of William and Mary Williamsburg VA USA

Global Virtual Time (GVT) is the fundamental synchronization concept in optimistic simulations. It is defined as the earliest time tag within the set of unprocessed pending events in a distributed simulation. A number of techniques for determining GVT have been proposed in recent years, each having their own intrinsic properties. However, most of these techniques either focus on specific types of simulation problems or assume specific hardware support. This paper specifically addresses the GVT problem in the context of the following areas: Scalability, Efficiency, Portability, Flow control, Interactive support, Real time use. A new GVT algorithm, called SPEEDES GVT, has been developed in the Synchronous parallel Environment for Emulation and Discrete-Event simulation (SPEEDES) framework. The new algorithm runs periodically but does not disrupt event processing. It provides flow control by processing events risk-free while flushing out messages during the GVT computation. SPEEDES GVT is built from a set of global reduction operations that are easily implementable on any hardware system.< >

关键词： Discrete event simulation Postal services Computational modeling Hardware Statistics Propulsion Laboratories Scalability Emulation Process control

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The ultimate bead counter: efficient massively parallel simulation of ballistic deposition

The ultimate bead counter: efficient massively parallel simu...

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workshop on Principles of Advanced and distributed simulation (PADS)

作者： B.D. Lubachevsky V. Privman S.C. Roy AT and T Bell Laboratories Murray Hill NJ USA Department of Physics Clarkson University Potsdam NY USA Department of Computer Science College of William and Mary Williamsburg VA USA AT&T Bell Labaratories USA

We simulate ballistic particle deposition wherein a large number of spherical particles are "dropped" vertically over a planar horizontal surface. Upon first contact (with the surface or with a previously deposited particle) each particle stops. This model helps material scientists to study the adsorption and sediment formation. The model is sequential, with particles deposited one by one. We have found an equivalent formulation using a continuous time random process and we simulate the latter in parallel using a method similar to the one previously employed for simulating Ising spins. We augment the parallel algorithm for simulating Ising spins with several techniques aimed at the increase of efficiency of producing the particle configuration and statistics collection. We implement the resulting algorithm on a 16K PE MasPar MP-1 and a 4K PE MasPar MP-2. The parallel code runs on MasPar computers two orders of magnitude faster than an optimized sequential code runs on a fast workstation.< >

关键词： Counting circuits Computational modeling Computer simulation Sediments Statistics Concurrent computing Physics Computer science Educational institutions Random processes

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simulation of semiconductor plasma on multiprocessor computer systems

Simulation of semiconductor plasma on multiprocessor compute...

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International workshop on Physics and Computer Modeling of Devices Based on Low-Dimensional Structures

作者： B.N. Chetverushkin Institute for Mathematical Modelling Russian Academy of Science Moscow Russia

This paper discusses the algorithms for numerical simulation of semiconductor devices (in particular using quasi-hydrodynamic model) on multiprocessor computer systems with distributed memory. parallel implementation of iterative /spl alpha/-/spl beta/ solver is presented, as well as the method of combined solving the Poisson equation and two parabolic equations (current continuity and energy balance equations).

关键词： Plasma simulation Computational modeling Computer simulation Poisson equations Plasma devices Iterative algorithms Numerical simulation Semiconductor devices distributed computing Iterative methods

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A case study in simulating PCS networks using time warp

A case study in simulating PCS networks using time warp

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workshop on Principles of Advanced and distributed simulation (PADS)

作者： C.D. Carothers R.M. Fujimoto Yi-Bing Lin College of Computing Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA Bellcore Morristown NJ USA

There has been rapid growth in the demand for mobile communications over the past few years. This has led to intensive research and development efforts for complex PCS (personal communication service) networks. Capacity planning and performance modeling is necessary to maintain a high quality of service to the mobile subscriber while minimizing cost to the PCS provider. The need for flexible analysis tools and the high computational requirements of large PCS network simulations make it an excellent candidate for parallel simulation. Here, we describe our experiences in developing two PCS simulation models on a general purpose distributed simulation platform based on the Time Warp mechanism. These models utilize two widely used approaches to simulating PCS networks: (i) the call-initiated and (ii) the portable-initiated models. We discuss design decisions that were made in mapping these models to the Time Warp executive, and characterize the workloads resulting from these models in terms of factors such as communication locality and computation granularity. We then present performance measurements for their execution on a network of workstations. These measurements indicate that the call-initiated model generally outperforms the portable initiated model, but is not able to capture phenomenon such as the "busy line" effect. Moreover, these studies indicate that the high locality in large-scale PCS network simulations make them well-suited for execution on general purpose parallel and distributed simulation platforms.< >

关键词： Time warp simulation Personal communication networks Computational modeling Analytical models Mobile communication Research and development Capacity planning Quality of service Costs Computer networks

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SGTNE: semi-global time of the next event algorithm

SGTNE: semi-global time of the next event algorithm

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workshop on Principles of Advanced and distributed simulation (PADS)

作者： A. Boukerche C. Tropper School of Computer Science McGill University Montreal Canada

This paper describes an extension of the TNE algorithm, the objective of which is to increase its parallelism and to break the inter-processor deadlock inherent with the use of TNE. The algorithm, which we call the SGTNE algorithm (Semi Global TNE), is executed over a cluster of processors as opposed to TNE, which is executed over a cluster of processes assigned to a single processor. SGTNE helps to break the inter-processor deadlock by executing a shortest path algorithm over a snapshot of the LPs in a cluster of processors. This paper discusses the algorithm and its implementation and reports on the performance results of simulations of a partitioned FCFS queueing network model executed on the Intel Paragon A4 multiprocessor machine. We also examine the impact of partitioning on the efficient implementation of the SGTNE algorithm. The results obtained indicate that SGTNE yields good speedups and that a partitioning which makes use of a strongly connected component algorithm results in a reduction of 30% in the running time of a simulation when compared to simple partitioning strategies. The results also indicate that SGTNE outperforms TNE.< >

关键词： Partitioning algorithms Clustering algorithms System recovery Scheduling algorithm Computer science parallel processing Optimization methods Computational modeling

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