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Indexed, global objects for distributed memory parallel architectures

SIGPLAN Notices (ACM Special Interest Group on Programming Languages) 1989年第4期24卷 95-98页

作者： Bain, William L. Block Island Technologies

distributed memory, message passing (DMMP) parallel architectures, such as the intel iPSC(R) computer system, provide the processing power and memory to solve very large parallel programming problems. However, their large grain process model and distributed memory complicate the programmer's view of the system. Extensions have been created for interwork II's global object name space in order to support arrays of objects;interwork II distributes the element objects among the processing nodes so as to balance the number on each node. Indexed objects simplify the programmer's view of parallel architectures by enabling related data to be automatically partitioned among the processing nodes. They also speedup computations by allowing these data to be operated on in parallel. This mechanism has proved useful as the basis for constructing a large, parallel simulation.

关键词： Computer Systems Programming

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Billiards and related systems on the bulk-synchronous parallel model 97

Billiards and related systems on the bulk-synchronous parall...

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proceedings of the eleventh workshop on parallel and distributed simulation

作者： Mauricio Marín Programming Research Group Computing Laboratory University of Oxford Wolson Building Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QD England UK

ISBN: (纸本)9780818679650

With two examples we show the suitability of the bulk-synchronous parallel (BSP) model for discrete-event simulation of homogeneous large-scale systems. This model provides a unifying approach for general purpose parallel computing which in addition to efficient and scalable computation, ensures portability across different parallel architectures. A valuable feature of this approach is a simple cost model that enables precise performance prediction of BSP algorithms. We show both theoretically and empirically that systems with uniform event occurrence among their components, such as colliding hard-spheres and ising-spin models, can be efficiently simulated in practice on current parallel computers supporting the BSP model.

关键词： ising-spin models bulk-synchronous parallel model discrete event simulation general purpose parallel computing billiards homogeneous large-scale systems colliding hard-spheres scalable computation discrete-event simulation

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Predicting the future: resource requirements and predictive optimism 95

Predicting the future: resource requirements and predictive ...

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proceedings of the ninth workshop on parallel and distributed simulation

作者： Bradley L. Noble Roger D. Chamberlain Computer and Communications Research Center Washington University St. Louis Missouri

ISBN: (纸本)9780818671203

The partitioning of systems for parallel simulation is a complex task, requiring consideration of both computational load requirements and communications activity. Typically, this information is not accurately known prior to execution. This paper investigates the use of historical information for the prediction of future requirements, both for computation and communications. In addition, for optimistic simulation algorithms, we present a novel technique (which we call predictive optimism) whereby binary prediction schemes can be used to increase the accuracy of optimistic assumptions, thereby decreasing rollbacks and potentially improving overall simulator performance.

关键词： resource allocation overall simulator performance historical information binary prediction schemes processor scheduling parallel simulation computational load requirements rollbacks future requirements optimistic simulation algorithms parallel programming communications activity discrete event simulation resource requirements message passing predictive optimism

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Hierarchical federations: an architecture for information hiding 01

Hierarchical federations: an architecture for information hi...

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proceedings of the fifteenth workshop on parallel and distributed simulation

作者： Wentong Cai Stephen J. Turner Boon Ping Gan School of Computer Engineering Nanyang Technological University Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Gintic Institute of Manufacturing Technology 71 Nanyang Drive Singapore 638075

ISBN: (纸本)9780769511047

In a distributed simulation, simulation components of various types are executed at geographically different locations, forming a simulation federation to create a common virtual environment. Under the High Level Architecture (HLA), information that will be produced and consumed by a simulation component is defined in its object model, and how that information is produced and consumed is well encapsulated inside the simulation component's implementation. However, in the current implementation of the HLA's Runtime Infrastructure (RTI), information hiding between groups of simulation components in a simulation federation is not addressed. In this paper, we discuss how hierarchical federations architectures can be used to tackle this problem. The hierarchical federations architecture adopted in this paper differs from the existing architectures in that it is based on a hybrid approach for inter-operability between simulation federations. To demonstrate the information hiding using the architecture, a distributed semiconductor supply-chain simulation is also described in the paper.

关键词： distributed simulation semiconductor supply-chain simulation information hiding hierarchical federations

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Strategies for success in parallel simulation applications (keynote speech) 00

Strategies for success in parallel simulation applications (...

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proceedings of the fourteenth workshop on parallel and distributed simulation

作者： Frederick Wieland The MITRE Corporation Center for Advanced Aviation Systems Development McLean VA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769506678

While the PADS community has traditionally focused on—and done a greater job with—the technical aspects of developing simulations that run fast and can be connected to other simulations, it has paid little or no attention to the overall strategies required to produce a marketable, useful, and successful parallel simulation. This lack of market focus has led to many fears of the demise of the PADS community, complaints of its lack of general acceptance by the broader simulation community, and predictions that it will become merely another venue for simulation *** fears, complaints, and predictions are unnecessary. There are several examples of successful parallel simulations—in domains as far apart as aviation modeling and wargames. What can we learn from their successes? How can we translate their general acceptance into other parallel simulation domains? Are there market opportunities that we are missing? In short, what is the parallel simulation community lacking, and what does it need to do in order to be more successful?The purpose of this talk is to begin a discussion on the answers to these questions (as opposed to definitively answering them). We will draw on numerous examples of successful applications, and make some concrete suggestions for furthering the community.

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Trade-Offs in Overhead vs. Effectiveness of Causality Inconsistency Tracking for Preemptive Rollback in Optimistic simulation 02

Trade-Offs in Overhead vs. Effectiveness of Causality Incons...

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proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International workshop on distributed simulation and Real-Time Applications

作者： A. Santoro

ISBN: (纸本)9780769518534

In this paper we discuss and compare three differentcausality inconsistency tracking mechanisms in support ofpreemptive rollback in optimistic parallel simulation onmyrinet clusters. These mechanisms exhibit different communication/processing overhead and also different effectivenessin revealing causality inconsistency of the currentlyexecuted simulation event. By the results of an empiricalstudy on a classical simulation benchmark we have foundsome trade-offs between these mechanisms, pointing out indicationsof application contexts for which each mechanismis expected to be well tailored.

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Updateable simulation of communication networks 02

Updateable simulation of communication networks

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proceedings of the sixteenth workshop on parallel and distributed simulation

作者： Steve L. Ferenci Richard M. Fujimoto Mostafa H. Ammar Kalyan Perumalla George F. Riley Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769516080

A technique called updateable simulations is proposed to reduce the time to complete multiple executions of a discrete event simulation program. This technique updates the results of a prior simulation run rather than re-execute the entire simulation to take into account variations in the underlying simulation model. A framework for creating updateable simulations is presented. This framework is applied to the problem of simulating a set of cascaded ATM multiplexers and a network of ATM switches. Performance measurements of sequential and parallel implementations of these simulations on a shared memory multiprocessor are presented, demonstrating that updateable simulations can yield substantial reductions in the time required to complete multiple simulation runs if there is much similarity among the runs.

关键词： event composition event reuse incremental simulation shared computation

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Interest management in agent-based distributed simulations 03

Interest management in agent-based distributed simulations

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International workshop/Symposium on distributed simulation and Real-Time Applications (DS-RT)

作者： Lihua Wang S.J. Turner Fang Wang Parallel & Distributed Computing Centre Nanyang Technological University Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9780769520360

distributed simulation enables participants situated in different geographical locations to share a common virtual world, which is called a distributed virtual environment (DVE). Among the different research topics concerned with DVE, there is a current trend of linking multi-agent systems and DVE together. With the properties of autonomy, social ability, reactivity and proactiveness, agents can be used to represent entities in DVE, where fast and accurate decision making is a determining factor of the whole environment. This paper provides a description of integrating agents into an HLA-based distributed simulation. It focuses on how to construct the sensor of an agent with different interest management schemes. Using the JADE (Java agent development framework) agent toolkit and the high level architecture (HLA) in our prototype, a minesweeping game, we outline two different implementations of this game. Due to the dynamic characteristics of agents, a problem of overdue information from the environment is discussed, and we propose an enlarged subscription region method to solve this problem. Moreover, advisories provided by the HLA are adopted to reduce the overheads. Conclusions are drawn based on the experimental results of these implementations.

关键词： Computational modeling Virtual environment Multiagent systems Java Game theory distributed computing Computer simulation Avatars Concurrent computing Joining processes

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Lookahead revisited in wireless network simulations 02

Lookahead revisited in wireless network simulations

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proceedings of the sixteenth workshop on parallel and distributed simulation

作者： Jason Liu David M. Nicol Dartmouth College Hanover NH

ISBN: (纸本)9780769516080

Rapid growth in wireless communication systems motivates the development of technology supporting the simulation of large-scale wireless systems. However, it is widely recognized that wireless communications do not have substantial "lookahead" needed by conservative synchronization protocols. This paper focuses on identifying and exploiting lookahead for such models. We find lookahead in three ways, exploiting characteristics of low power networks, the transceiver logic, and the way in which protocol stacks are typically constructed. We show how these observations allow a variety of conservative synchronization protocols to take advantage of lookahead, describe a synchronization method we use, and empirically examine the performance this method offers on a large-scale simulation of a sensor network intended for homeland defense scenarios

关键词： performance conservative parallelsimulation synchronization sensor networks. parallel simulation parallel discrete-event simulation wireless networks ad hoc networks lookahead

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Genesis: a system for large-scale parallel network simulation 02

Genesis: a system for large-scale parallel network simulatio...

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proceedings of the sixteenth workshop on parallel and distributed simulation

作者： Boleslaw K. Szymanski Adnan Saifee Anand Sastry Yu Liu Kiran Madnani RPI Troy NY

ISBN: (纸本)9780769516080

We describe a novel approach to scalability and efficiency of parallel network simulation that partitions the networks into domains and simulation time into intervals. Each domain is simulated independently of and concurrently with the others over the same simulation time interval. At the end of each interval, packet delays and drop rates for each inter-domain flow are exchanged between domain simulators. The simulators iterate over the same time interval until the exchanged information converges to a constant value within the prescribed precision. After convergence, all the domain simulators progress to the next time interval. This approach allows the parallelization with infrequent *** biggest challenge for this method is to ensure iteration convergence for protocols, such as TCP, that adjust source rate to the current network conditions. The main contribution of this paper is to demonstrate that by judicious design of the domain processing and information exchange, the proposed approach efficiently parallelizes network simulation with TCP flows.

关键词： Scalable Partition Synchronization simulation Domain parallel Network

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