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Hierarchical modeling and distributed simulation with HIT 97

Hierarchical modeling and distributed simulation with HIT

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proceedings of the eleventh workshop on parallel and distributed simulation

作者： A. M. Warda M. Sczittnick CompuNet Computer Vertriebs-GmbH Severinstraβe 42 D-45127 Essen Germany Lehrstuhl Informatik IV Universität Dortmund D-44221 Dortmund Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780818679650

The Hierarchical Tool HIT is a software tool for hierarchical modeling and performance evaluation of discrete event systems. Besides analytical and numerical solution techniques HIT provides the evaluation of models by sequential simulation. Here we present concepts for optimistic distributed simulation of HIT-models by partitioning them with respect to subhierarchies. The main goals of the concept being presented are the preservation of model structure even in lower levels of the realization (e.g. use of the process view of simulation throughout all levels of abstraction) and distribution transparency on the modeling level (homogeneous model specification for all solution techniques).

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SQTW: a mechanism for state-dependent parallel simulation. Description and experimental study 97

SQTW: a mechanism for state-dependent parallel simulation. D...

引用

proceedings of the eleventh workshop on parallel and distributed simulation

作者： Alessandro Fabbri Lorenzo Donatiello Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Informazione Università di Bologna Mura Anteo Zamboni 7 I-40127 Bologna Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9780818679650

In this paper we address the problem of efficiently performing parallel discrete-event simulation in the case that events elaboration is dependent of other processes' local states. We propose a parallel simulation policy, called State Query Time Warp (SQTW), based on the Time Warp mechanism. We present experiments performed by means of a SQTW-based parallel simulator on a T-800 transputer machine for solving performance models based on state-dependent routing queueing network models. The experiments are used for assessing overheads and efficiency involved by SQTW; results show that high efficiency is achievable, and surprisingly reveal SQTW is able to globally reduce rollback overheads with respect to corresponding Time Warp simulations.

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Asynchronous parallel algorithms for test set partitioned fault simulation 97

Asynchronous parallel algorithms for test set partitioned fa...

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proceedings of the eleventh workshop on parallel and distributed simulation

作者： Dilip Krishnaswamy Prithviraj Banerjee Elizabeth M. Rudnick Janak H. Patel Center for Reliable and High-Performance Computing University of IIlinois UrbanaIL Center for Parallel and Distributed Computing Northwestern University Evanston IL

ISBN: (纸本)9780818679650

We propose two new asynchronous parallel algorithms for test set partitioned fault simulation. The algorithms are based on a new two-stage approach to parallelizing fault simulation for sequential VLSI circuits in which the test set is partitioned among the available processors. These algorithms provide the same result as the previous synchronous two stage approach. However, due to the dynamic characteristics of these algorithms and due to the fact that there is very minimal redundant work, they run faster than the previous synchronous approach. A theoretical analysis comparing the various algorithms is also given to provide an insight into these algorithms. The implementations were done in MPI and are therefore portable to many parallel platforms. Results are shown for a shared memory multiprocessor.

关键词： asynchronous parallel algorithms test set partitioned fault simulation circuit analysis computing software portability dynamic characteristics redundant work MPI sequential VLSI circuits Message Passing Interface synchronous two stage approach shared memory multiprocessor circuit CAD

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Time Warp simulation of timed Petri nets: sensitivity of adaptive methods

Time Warp simulation of timed Petri nets: sensitivity of ada...

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International workshop on Petri Nets and Performance Models (PNPM)

作者： A. Ferscha M. Richter Institut für Angewandte Informatik Universität Wien Vienna Austria

The unthrottled optimism underlying the Time Warp (TW) parallel simulation protocol can lead to excessive aggressiveness in memory consumption due to saving state histories, and waste of CPU cycles due to overoptimistically progressing simulations that eventually have to be "rolled back". Furthermore, in TW simulations executing in distributed memory environments, the communication overhead induced by the rollback mechanism can cause pathological overall simulation performance. In this work direct optimism control mechanisms are used to overcome these shortcomings by probabilistically controlling simulation progression based on the forecasted time stamp of forthcoming messages. Several forecast methods are presented and their performance is compared for very large Petri net simulation models executed with the TW protocol on the Meiko CS-2.

关键词： Time warp simulation Petri nets Protocols Predictive models Discrete event simulation Computational modeling Optimization methods Pathology Communication system control History

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Billiards and related systems on the bulk-synchronous parallel model 97

Billiards and related systems on the bulk-synchronous parall...

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proceedings of the eleventh workshop on parallel and distributed simulation

作者： Mauricio Marín Programming Research Group Computing Laboratory University of Oxford Wolson Building Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QD England UK

ISBN: (纸本)9780818679650

With two examples we show the suitability of the bulk-synchronous parallel (BSP) model for discrete-event simulation of homogeneous large-scale systems. This model provides a unifying approach for general purpose parallel computing which in addition to efficient and scalable computation, ensures portability across different parallel architectures. A valuable feature of this approach is a simple cost model that enables precise performance prediction of BSP algorithms. We show both theoretically and empirically that systems with uniform event occurrence among their components, such as colliding hard-spheres and ising-spin models, can be efficiently simulated in practice on current parallel computers supporting the BSP model.

关键词： ising-spin models bulk-synchronous parallel model discrete event simulation general purpose parallel computing billiards homogeneous large-scale systems colliding hard-spheres scalable computation discrete-event simulation

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Performance modeling of the IDES framework 97

Performance modeling of the IDES framework

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proceedings of the eleventh workshop on parallel and distributed simulation

作者： David M. Nicol Michael M. Johnson Ann S. Yoshimura Michael E. Goldsby Dept. of Computer Science Dartmouth College Hanover NH Sandia National Laboratories Livermore CA

ISBN: (纸本)9780818679650

The IDES project at Sandia National Laboratories is developing a large scale portable parallel simulator for use in stockpile stewardship. IDES will use the Breathing-Time-Buckets synchronization protocol; to support IDES development, this paper studies a performance model and describes performance experiments on expected work load and architectural parameters. A new parallel algorithm for terminating the window quickly is also described and analyzed.

关键词： IDES project stockpile stewardship parallel programming parallel algorithm Breathing-Time-Buckets large scale portable parallel simulator discrete event simulation work load performance modeling window termination architectural parameters Sandia National Laboratories synchronization protocol

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Conservative synchronization in object-oriented parallel battlefield discrete event simulations 97

Conservative synchronization in object-oriented parallel bat...

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proceedings of the eleventh workshop on parallel and distributed simulation

作者： James B. Hiller Thomas C. Hartrum Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering School of Engineering Air Force Institute of Technology Wright-Patterson AFB OH

ISBN: (纸本)9780818679650

We present a conservative strategy for spatially decomposed parallel discrete event battlefield simulation. The traditional null message algorithm provides a foundation from which a mapping to generic simulation attributes can be made. We informally discuss preservation of logical correctness and freedom from deadlock. Experimental results demonstrate the potential execution time savings when load imbalance is not dominant; more importantly, they highlight improvement opportunities in spite of potential load imbalance. The net result is that a very reasonable performance gain can be delivered for little effort in a way that supports good simulation system design principles. The approach is straightforward and can be easily implemented as part of a more general sequential or parallel simulation support environment. While the approach is expressed in terms of battlefield simulation, its essence applies to many simulation applications.

关键词： null message algorithm load imbalance conservative synchronization military computing spatially decomposed simulation simulation system design deadlock generic simulation attributes execution time savings parallel battlefield discrete event simulations logical correctness performance gain object-oriented simulation

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Stack-free process-oriented simulation 97

Stack-free process-oriented simulation

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proceedings of the eleventh workshop on parallel and distributed simulation

作者： C. J. M. Booth D. I. Bruce Defence Evaluation and Research Agency St. Andrews Road Malvern WORCS WR14 3PS UK

ISBN: (纸本)9780818679650

The process interaction world view is widely used in the general simulation community for its expressive power, and is supported by most modern simulation languages. In parallel discrete event simulation, however, its use remains comparatively rare due to the perceived inefficiency (and difficulty) of parallel *** present a new implementation strategy for parallel process-oriented simulation languages. This innovative, semantics-based approach directly addresses two common concerns of such languages. By concentrating on the intrinsic threads of control, we avoid the proliferation of simulation objects (and their associated costs) that might result from a naive translation. More fundamentally, the primary costs associated with process-oriented languages -- those of context switching between stacks and, in an optimistic setting, of saving the state of these stacks -- are entirely eliminated since our explicit use of continuations avoids the need for stacks in the first place. We similarly obtain cheap and natural thread preemption.

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Dynamic load balancing strategies for conservative parallel simulations 97

Dynamic load balancing strategies for conservative parallel ...

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proceedings of the eleventh workshop on parallel and distributed simulation

作者： Azzedine Boukerche Sajal K. Das Center for Research in Parallel and Distributed Computing Department of Computer Sciences University of North of Texas Denton TX

ISBN: (纸本)9780818679650

This paper studies the problem of load balancing for conservative parallel simulations for execution on a multicomputer. The synchronization protocol makes use of Chandy-Misra null-messages. We propose a dynamic load balancing algorithm which assumes no compile time knowledge about the workload parameters. It is based upon a process migration mechanism, and the notion of CPU-queue length, which indicates the workload at each *** examine two variations for the algorithm which we refer to as centralized and multi-level hierarchical methods, in the context of queueing network simulation of a torus. The torus was chosen because it of its many cycles aid in the formation of deadlock making it a stress test for any conservative synchronization protocols. Our experiments indicate that our dynamic load balancing schemes significantly reduce the run time of an optimized version of Chandy-Misra null message approach, and decreases by 30-40\% the synchronization overhead when compared to the use of a static partitioning algorithm. Significantly, the results obtained also indicate that the multi-level scheme always outperforms both the centralized load balancing approach and the static partitioning algorithm.

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Dag consistent parallel simulation: a predictable and robust conservative algorithm 97

Dag consistent parallel simulation: a predictable and robust...

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proceedings of the eleventh workshop on parallel and distributed simulation

作者： Wentong Cai Emmanuelle Letertre Stephen J. Turner School of Applied Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 IFSIC Universié de Rennes I Campus de Beaulieu 35042 Rennes Cedex France and Dept. of Computer Science University of Exeter Exeter EX4 4PT U.K. Dept. of Computer Science University of Exeter Exeter EX4 4PT U.K.

ISBN: (纸本)9780818679650

We present a novel approach to parallel discrete event simulation based on the Cilk model of multithreaded computation. Cilk's runtime system not only manages the low-level aspects of program execution, but also provides the user with an algorithmic model of performance which can be used to predict the execution time of a parallel simulation. Moreover, a Cilk application can ``scale down'' to run on a single processor with nearly the same performance as that of serial code.A conservative parallel discrete event simulation algorithm has been developed in which communication between logical processes is achieved using Cilk's virtual memory model, dag consistent shared memory. The simulation executes in cycles, where each cycle involves a divide and conquer computation. Although local lookahead information can be exploited, the algorithm is robust in that it also calculates a global simulation time for each cycle. It can therefore be used for applications where zero lookahead may occur.

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