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检索条件"任意字段=Proceedings of the twenty-third annual ACM symposium on Principles of distributed computing"

共 781 条记录，以下是21-30 订阅

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Universally Optimal Information Dissemination and Shortest Paths in the HYBRID distributed Model 24

Universally Optimal Information Dissemination and Shortest P...

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43rd acm SIGACT-SIGOPS symposium on principles of distributed computing, PODC 2024

作者： Chang, Yi-Jun Hecht, Oren Leitersdorf, Dean Schneider, Philipp National University of Singapore Singapore Technion Israel University of Bern Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706684

In most modern networks, nodes have access to various modes of communication each with different characteristics. In this work we consider the Hybrid model of distributed computing, introduced recently by Augustine, Hinnenthal, Kuhn, Scheideler, and Schneider (SODA 2020), where nodes have access to two different communication modes: high-bandwidth local communication along the edges of the graph and low-bandwidth all-to-all communication, capturing the non-uniform nature of modern communication networks. It is noteworthy that the Hybrid model in its most general form covers most of the classical distributed models as marginal *** work in Hybrid has focused on showing existentially optimal algorithms, meaning there exists a pathological family of instances on which no algorithm can do better. This neglects the fact that such worst-case instances often do not appear or can be actively avoided in practice. In this work, we focus on the notion of universal optimality, first raised by Garay, Kutten, and Peleg (FOCS 1993). Roughly speaking, a universally optimal algorithm is one that, given any input graph, runs as fast as the best algorithm designed specifically for that *** show the first universally optimal algorithms in Hybrid, up to polylogarithmic factors. We present universally optimal solutions for fundamental tools that solve information dissemination problems, such as broadcasting and unicasting multiple messages in a Hybrid network. Furthermore, we demonstrate these tools for information dissemination can be used to obtain universally optimal solutions for various shortest paths problems in Hybrid. A major conceptual contribution of this work is the conception of a new graph parameter called neighborhood quality that captures the inherent complexity of many fundamental graph problems in the Hybrid model. We also develop new existentially optimal shortest paths algorithms in Hybrid, which are utilized as key subroutines in our universally optimal al

关键词： Overlay networks

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Brief Announcement: On the Limits of Information Spread by Memory-less Agents 24

Brief Announcement: On the Limits of Information Spread by M...

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43rd acm SIGACT-SIGOPS symposium on principles of distributed computing, PODC 2024

作者： D'Archivio, Niccolò Vacus, Robin Coati Inria d'Université Côte d'Azur Sophia Antipolis France Bocconi Institute for Data Science and Analytics Milan Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706684

We address the self-stabilizing bit-dissemination problem, designed to capture the challenges of spreading information and reaching consensus among entities with minimal cognitive and communication capacities. Specifically, a group of n agents is required to adopt the correct opinion, initially held by a single informed individual, choosing from two possible opinions. In order to make decisions, agents are restricted to observing the opinions of a few randomly sampled agents, and lack the ability to communicate further and to identify the informed individual. Additionally, agents cannot retain any information from one round to the next. According to a recent publication in SODA (2024), a logarithmic convergence time without memory is achievable in the parallel setting (where agents are updated simultaneously), as long as the number of samples is at least(Formula presented.). However, determining the minimal sample size for an efficient protocol to exist remains a challenging open question. As a preliminary step towards an answer, we establish the first lower bound for this problem in the parallel setting. Specifically, we demonstrate that it is impossible for any memory-less protocol with constant sample size, to converge with high probability in less than an almost-linear number of rounds. © 2024 Copyright is held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to acm.

关键词： distributed computer systems

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Swiper: a new paradigm for efficient weighted distributed protocols 24

Swiper: a new paradigm for efficient weighted distributed pr...

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43rd acm SIGACT-SIGOPS symposium on principles of distributed computing, PODC 2024

作者： Tonkikh, Andrei Freitas, Luciano Ltci Télécom Paris Institut Polytechnique de Paris Palaiseau France

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706684

The majority of fault-tolerant distributed algorithms are designed assuming a nominal corruption model, in which at most a fraction fn of parties can be corrupted by the adversary. However, due to the infamous Sybil attack, nominal models are not sufficient to express the trust assumptions in open (i.e., permissionless) settings. Instead, permissionless systems typically operate in a weighted model, where each participant is associated with a weight and the adversary can corrupt a set of parties holding at most a fraction fw of the total *** this paper, we suggest a simple way to transform a large class of protocols designed for the nominal model into the weighted model. To this end, we formalize and solve three novel optimization problems, which we collectively call the weight reduction problems, that allow us to map large real weights into small integer weights while preserving the properties necessary for the correctness of the protocols. In all cases, we manage to keep the sum of the integer weights to be at most linear in the number of parties, resulting in extremely efficient protocols for the weighted model. Moreover, we demonstrate that, on weight distributions that emerge in practice, the sum of the integer weights tends to be far from the theoretical worst case and, sometimes, even smaller than the number of ***, for some protocols, our transformation requires an arbitrarily small reduction in resilience (i.e., fw = fn - ϵ), surprisingly, for many important problems, we manage to obtain weighted solutions with the same resilience (fw = fn) as nominal ones. Notable examples include erasure-coded distributed storage and broadcast protocols, verifiable secret sharing, and asynchronous consensus. Although there are ad-hoc weighted solutions to some of these problems, the protocols yielded by our transformations enjoy all the benefits of nominal solutions, including simplicity, efficiency, and a wider range of possible cryptographic assumpt

关键词： Cryptography

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System Optimizations for Enabling Training of Extreme Long Sequence Transformer Models 24

System Optimizations for Enabling Training of Extreme Long S...

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43rd acm SIGACT-SIGOPS symposium on principles of distributed computing, PODC 2024

作者： Jacobs, Sam Ade Tanaka, Masahiro Zhang, Chengming Zhang, Minjia Aminadabi, Reza Yazdani Song, Shuaiwen Leon Rajbhandari, Samyam He, Yuxiong Microsoft Inc Redmond United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706684

Computation in a typical Transformer-based large language model (LLM) can be characterized by batch size, hidden dimension, number of layers, and sequence length. Until now, system works for accelerating LLM training have focused on the first three dimensions: data parallelism for batch size, tensor parallelism for hidden size, and pipeline parallelism for model depth or layers. These widely studied forms of parallelism are not targeted or optimized for long sequence Transformer models. Given practical application needs for long sequence LLM, renewed attentions are being drawn to sequence parallelism. However, existing works in sequence parallelism are constrained by memory-communication inefficiency, limiting their scalability to long sequence large models. In this work, we introduce Ulysses, a novel, portable, and effective methodology for enabling highly efficient and scalable LLM training with extremely long sequence length. Ulysses at its core partitions input data along the sequence dimension and employs an efficient all-to-all collective communication for attention computation. Theoretical communication analysis shows that, whereas other methods incur communication overhead as sequence length increases, Ulysses maintains constant communication volume when sequence length and compute devices are increased proportionally. Furthermore, experimental evaluations show that Ulysses scales to more than 1 million context length and trains 2.5x faster with 4x longer sequence length than the existing method SOTA baseline. © 2024 Association for computing Machinery. All rights reserved.

关键词： AI/ML long context LLM HPC distributed training

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The Computational Power of distributed Shared-Memory Models with Bounded-Size Registers 24

The Computational Power of Distributed Shared-Memory Models ...

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43rd acm SIGACT-SIGOPS symposium on principles of distributed computing, PODC 2024

作者： Delporte-Gallet, Carole Fauconnier, Hugues Fraigniaud, Pierre Rajsbaum, Sergio Travers, Corentin IRIF University Paris Cité CNRS Paris France Irif and Instituto de Matemàticas Unam Mexico City Mexico Lis University Aix-Marseille CNRS Marseille France

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706684

The celebrated Asynchronous Computability Theorem of Herlihy and Shavit (Jacm 1999) provided a topological characterization of the tasks that are wait-free solvable by processes communicating through writing and reading shared registers. This characterization assumes the use of full-information protocols, in which each time a process writes in the shared memory, it communicates everything it learned since the beginning of the execution. Thus, each register in the shared memory is of unbounded size. Whether unbounded size registers are unavoidable for the model of computation to be universal is the central question studied in this paper. More generally, when at most t out of n processes can crash, is the model with bounded size registers universal?We show that when 1 ≤ t 2, there exists a task that cannot be solved by n processes communicating via registers of size f(n) bits, but is solvable by n processes using unbounded registers. The case n = 2, t = 1, where 1-resilient computing and wait-free computing coincide, does not display the same behavior. We show that any task solvable by 2 processes in the wait-free shared-memory model with unbounded-size registers can be solved by 2 processes in the wait-free shared-memory model with constant size ***, we consider the iterated shared memory model, which has played a crucial role since Herlihy and Shavit's characterization. We show that 1-bit registers (per iteration) are sufficient for solving wait-free any task that is solvable by a full-information wait-free protocol. Therefore, while the wait-free read/write shared-memory model is known to be computationally equivalent to the iterated model, this equivalence only holds if registers are unbounded. © 2024 Copyright is held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to acm.

关键词： Memory architecture

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Even-Cycle Detection in the Randomized and Quantum CONGEST Model 24

Even-Cycle Detection in the Randomized and Quantum CONGEST M...

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43rd acm SIGACT-SIGOPS symposium on principles of distributed computing, PODC 2024

作者： Fraigniaud, Pierre Luce, Maël Magniez, Frederic Todinca, Ioan Université Paris Cité CNRS IRIF Paris France Université d'Orléans INSA-Centre Val de Loire LIFO Orléans France

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706684

We show that, for every k ≥ 2, C2k-freeness can be decided in O(n1 - 1/k) rounds in the CONGEST model by a randomized Monte-Carlo distributed algorithm with one-sided error probability 1/3. This matches the best round-complexities of previously known algorithms for k ϵ {2, 3, 4, 5} by Drucker et al. [PODC'14] and Censor-Hillel et al. [DISC'20], but improves the complexities of the known algorithms for k > 5 by Eden et al. [DISC'19], which were essentially of the form Õ (n1 - 2/k2). Our algorithm uses colored BFS-explorations with threshold, but with an original global approach that enables to overcome a recent impossibility result by Fraigniaud et al. [SIROCCO'23] about using colored BFS-exploration with local threshold for detecting *** also show how to quantize our algorithm for achieving a round-complexity Õ(n1/2 - 1/2k) in the quantum setting for deciding C2k freeness. Furthermore, this allows us to improve the known quantum complexities of the simpler problem of detecting cycles of length at most 2k by van Apeldoorn and de Vos [PODC'22]. Our quantization is in two steps. First, the congestion of our randomized algorithm is reduced, to the cost of reducing its success probability too. Second, the success probability is boosted using a new quantum framework derived from sequential algorithms, namely Monte-Carlo quantum amplification. © 2024 Association for computing Machinery. All rights reserved.

关键词： distributed computer systems

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Brief Announcement: Simpler and More General distributed Coloring Based on Simple List Defective Coloring Algorithms 24

Brief Announcement: Simpler and More General Distributed Col...

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43rd acm SIGACT-SIGOPS symposium on principles of distributed computing, PODC 2024

作者： Fuchs, Marc Kuhn, Fabian University of Freiburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706684

In this paper, we give list coloring variants of simple iterative defective coloring algorithms. Formally, in a list defective coloring instance, each node v of a graph is given a list Lv of colors and a list of allowed defects dv(x) for the colors. Each node v needs to be colored with a color x ϵ Lv such that at most dv(x) neighbors (or outneighbors) of v also pick the same color *** a defect parameter d, it is known that by making two sweeps in opposite order over the nodes of an edge-oriented graph with maximum outdegree β, one can compute a coloring with O(β2/d2) colors such that every node has at most d outneighbors of the same color. We generalize this and show that if all nodes have lists of size p2 and ĝv : ςxϵLv(dv(x) + 1) > p · β, we can make two sweeps of the nodes such that at the end, each node v has chosen a color x ϵ Lv for which at most dv(x) outneighbors of v are colored with color x. Our algorithm is simpler and computationally significantly more efficient than existing algorithms for similar list defective coloring problems. We show that the above result can in particular be used to obtain an alternative [EQUATION]-round algorithm for the (Δ+ 1)-coloring problem in the CONGEST *** neighborhood independence θ of a graph is the maximum number of pairwise non-adjacent neighbors of some node of the graph. Notable examples of graphs of bounded neighborhood independence are the line graphs of bounded-rank hypergraphs. It is well known that by doing a single sweep over the nodes of a graph of neighborhood independence θ, one can compute a d-defective coloring with O(θ · δ/d) colors. We extend this approach to the list defective coloring setting and use it to obtain a recursive (Δ+ 1)-coloring algorithm with a round complexity that is parameterized by the neighborhood independence θ. In particular, if θ = O(1), we get an (log δ)O(log log δ) + O(log∗n)-round algorithm to compute a (Δ+ 1)-coloring. The algorithm generalizes an algorithm from [Balliu

关键词： Color

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Visibility Algorithms for Dynamic Dependence Analysis and distributed Coherence 23

Visibility Algorithms for Dynamic Dependence Analysis and Di...

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28th acm SIGPLAN annual symposium on principles and Practice of Parallel Programming, PPoPP 2023

作者： Bauer, Michael Slaughter, Elliott Treichler, Sean Lee, Wonchan Garland, Michael Aiken, Alex NVIDIA United States SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Stanford University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798400700156

Implicitly parallel programming systems must solve the joint problems of dependence analysis and coherence to ensure apparently-sequential semantics for applications run on distributed memory machines. Solving these problems in the presence of data-dependent control flow and arbitrary aliasing is a challenge that most existing systems eschew by compromising the expressivity of their programming models and/or the performance of their implementations. We demonstrate a general class of solutions to these problems via a reduction to the visibility problem from computer graphics. © 2023 Owner/Author.

关键词： Visibility

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Completing the Node-Averaged Complexity Landscape of LCLs on Trees 24

Completing the Node-Averaged Complexity Landscape of LCLs on...

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43rd acm SIGACT-SIGOPS symposium on principles of distributed computing, PODC 2024

作者： Balliu, Alkida Brandt, Sebastian Kuhn, Fabian Olivetti, Dennis Schmid, Gustav Gran Sasso Science Institute L'Aquila Italy Cispa Helmholtz Center for Information Security Saarbrücken Germany University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706684

The node-averaged complexity of a problem captures the number of rounds nodes of a graph have to spend on average to solve the problem in the LOCAL model. A challenging line of research with regards to this new complexity measure is to understand the complexity landscape of locally checkable labelings (LCLs) on families of bounded-degree graphs. Particularly interesting in this context is the family of bounded-degree trees as there, for the worst-case complexity, we know a complete characterization of the possible complexities and structures of LCL problems. A first step for the node-averaged complexity case has been achieved recently [DISC '23], where the authors in particular showed that in bounded-degree trees, there is a large complexity gap: There are no LCL problems with a deterministic node-averaged complexity between ω(log∗n) and no(1). For randomized algorithms, they even showed that the node-averaged complexity is either O(1) or nω(1). In this work we fill in the remaining gaps and give a complete description of the node-averaged complexity landscape of LCLs on bounded-degree trees. Our contributions are threefold.•On bounded-degree trees, there is no LCL with a node-averaged complexity between ω(1) and (log∗n)o(1).•For any constants 0 1 2 ≤ 1 and ϵ > 0, there exists a constant c and an LCL problem with node-averaged complexity between ω((log∗n)c) and O((log∗n)c+ϵ).•For any constants 0 0, there exists an LCL problem with node-averaged complexity Φ(nx) for some x ϵ [α, α + ϵ]. © 2024 Association for computing Machinery. All rights reserved.

关键词： locally checkable labelings node-averaged complexity distributed complexity theory

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(1-ϵ)-Approximate Maximum Weighted Matching in poly(1/ϵ, log n) Time in the distributed and Parallel Settings 23

(1-ϵ)-Approximate Maximum Weighted Matching in poly(1/ϵ, l...

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42nd acm SIGACT-SIGOPS symposium on principles of distributed computing, PODC 2023

作者： Huang, Shang-En Su, Hsin-Hao Boston College Chestnut HillMA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798400701214

The maximum weighted matching (mwm) problem is one of the most well-studied combinatorial optimization problems in distributed graph algorithms. Despite a long development on the problem, and the recent progress of Fischer, Mitrovic, and Uitto [16] who gave a poly(1/ϵ, log n)-round algorithm for obtaining a (1 - ϵ)-approximate solution for unweighted maximum matching, it had been an open problem whether a (1 - ϵ)-approximate mwm can be obtained in poly(1/ϵ, log n) rounds in the CONGEST model. Algorithms with such running times were only known for special graph classes such as bipartite graphs [1] and minor-free graphs [8]. For general graphs, the previously known algorithms require exponential in (1/ϵ) rounds for obtaining a (1 - ϵ)-approximate solution [13] or achieve an approximation factor of at most 2/3 [1]. In this work, we settle this open problem by giving a deterministic poly(1/ϵ, log n)-round algorithm for computing a (1 - ϵ)-approximate mwm for general graphs in the CONGEST model. Our proposed solution extends the algorithm of Fischer, Mitrovic, and Uitto [16], blends in the sequential algorithm from Duan and Pettie [11] and the work of Faour, Fuchs, and Kuhn [13]. Interestingly, this solution also implies a CREW PRAM algorithm with poly(1/ϵ, log n) span using only O(m) processors, and a poly(1/ϵ)-passes algorithm in the semi-streaming model. © 2023 Owner/Author(s).

关键词： Approximation algorithms

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