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检索条件"任意字段=Radar Sensor Technology VIII and Passive Millimeter-Wave Imaging Technology VII"

共 54 条记录，以下是11-20 订阅

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Low-cost position-adaptive UAV radar design with state-of-the-art COTS technology

Low-cost position-adaptive UAV radar design with state-of-th...

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Conference on radar sensor technology viii and passive millimeter-wave imaging technology vii

作者： Mitra, AK Pasala, KM USAF Res Lab SNRR Wright Patterson AFB OH 45433 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819453331

A COTS-based design for a monostatic position-adaptive radar concept is presented. The development and design effort is focused on a test experiment where a onboard radar-based instrumentation system allows a mini-UAV helicopter to hover back and forth in front of two large (side-by-side) "building-type" structures. Under this concept, the "smart" or "robotic" mini-UAV helicopter "position-adaptively" converges to a location between the two "building-type" structures in order to interrogate an object-of-interest that may be located between these "building-type" structures. Design issues with regard to major sub-systems and interfaces between these subsystems are discussed. Applications for this type of system include intelligence gathering from indoor and outdoor urban environments and underground facilities via deployment a tier of position-adaptive mini-UAV's.

关键词： position-adaptive radar mini-UAV helicopter ultra-wideband radar broadband antenna design robotics

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A methodology for characterizing phase noise in modulated radar waveforms: An alternative 'terrain' characterization method

A methodology for characterizing phase noise in modulated ra...

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Conference on radar sensor technology viii and passive millimeter-wave imaging technology vii

作者： Gray, JE Addison, SR USN Ctr Surface Warfare Dahlgren Div Dahlgren VA 22448 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819453331

The problem of modulated noise first arose in Lord Rayleigh's investigations of acoustical backscatter off of rough sea surfaces. The same problem occurs in radar when the electromagnetic waveform takes an indirect return or transmit path to a scatterer (target) and then is received as a noise corrupted signal at the radar receiver. The effect is to produce modulated noise on the return signal. While most texts have a tendency to model the effect of noise as purely additive, it is more properly modeled as modulated noise. Recent work by the authors allow one to statistically characterize the effect of modulated noise on the received signal. This has some implications for phenomenology on being able to characterize radar backscatter from land, sea, weather as well as the implications for improved signal processing.

关键词： phase noise scattering modulated waveforms

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Inverse synthetic aperture radar imagery of man with a rocket propelled grenade launcher

Inverse synthetic aperture radar imagery of man with a rocke...

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Conference on radar sensor technology viii and passive millimeter-wave imaging technology vii

作者： Tran, C Innocenti, R Kirose, G USA Res Lab AMSRL SERU Adelphi MD 20783 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819453331

As the Army moves toward more lightly armored Future Combat System (FCS) vehicles. enemy personnel will present an increasing threat to U.S. soldiers. In particular, they face a very real threat from adversaries using shoulder-launched, rocket propelled grenade (RPG). The Army Research Laboratory has utilized its Aberdeen Proving Ground (APG) turntable facility to collect very high resolution, fully polarimetric Ka band radar data at low depression angles of a man holding an RPG. In this paper, we examine the resulting low resolution and high resolution range profiles;and based on the observed radar cross section (RCS) value, we attempt to determine the utility of Ka band radar for detecting enemy personnel carrying RPG launchers.

关键词： ISAR man with RPG launcher RCS Ka band

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Spatial statistical characteristics of land and development of radar clutter maps

Spatial statistical characteristics of land and development ...

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Conference on radar sensor technology viii and passive millimeter-wave imaging technology vii

作者： Kulemin, GP Tarnavsky, EV Natl Acad Sci Ukraine Inst Radiophys & Elect UA-61085 Kharkov Ukraine

ISBN: (纸本)0819453331

Land spatial statistical characteristics obtained experimentally and from the topographical maps are analyzed. It is shown that the probability density function of backscattered. signal is determined by the temporal fluctuations and the spatial fluctuations because of scattered areas replacement. The experimental spatial statistical characteristics of micro-scale roughness (rms height, the slope distributions, and autocorrelation functions) are presented. It was shown that for mathematical description of surface for different fields it is better to use the fractal process. The spatial statistics of land backscattering for surfaces without vegetation is determined by the distributions of surface local slopes. The roughness height and slope distributions for different terrain types are presented that are obtained from electronic topographical maps. The method of clutter map development is analyzed, it is shown its great dependence on radar and target heights.

关键词： spatial statistical characteristics clutter map land statistics fractal model

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Constrained image restoration for use in passive mm-wave imaging

Constrained image restoration for use in passive mm-wave ima...

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Conference on radar sensor technology viii and passive millimeter-wave imaging technology vii

作者： Lettington, AH Alexander, NE Boukouvala, E Univ Reading Reading RG6 6AF Berks England

ISBN: (纸本)0819453331

passive millimeter-wave imaging has excellent all weather capability but requires large apertures to give adequate spatial resolution. Linear restoration can enhance the resolution by a factor of two, while under favorable conditions non-linear restoration can enhance it by a factor of four. The amount of enhancement possible is generally limited by the amount of noise present in the original observed image. Preprocessing can reduce the effect of this noise and the image may be selectively restored. The high spatial frequency content of an image exists largely at edges and sharp features and these may be restored using non-linear restoration techniques. The smoother background between these features contains fewer high frequencies and needs less restoration. Adaptive non-linear restoration techniques have been investigated whereby the amount of restoration applied to an image is a function of the first and second derivative of the image intensity. In many non-linear restoration techniques the amount of high spatial frequency content introduced into the restored image is uncontrolled. This problem has been overcome through the use of the Lorentzian algorithm. which imposes a statistical constraint on the distribution of gradients within the restored image. Recently attempts have been made to explain why the distribution of gradients within an image is Lorentzian in terms of randomly distributed gradients of random size. Images are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of these methods.

关键词： image restoration superresolution constrained restoration mm-wave imaging

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Improving angular resolution with Scan-MUSIC algorithm for real complex targets using 35-GHz millimeter wave radar

Improving angular resolution with Scan-MUSIC algorithm for r...

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Conference on radar sensor technology viii and passive millimeter-wave imaging technology vii

作者： Ly, C USA Res Lab Adelphi MD 20783 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819453331

Scan-MUSIC algorithm, developed by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL), improves angular resolution for target detection with the use of a single rotatable radar scanning the angular region of interest. This algorithm has been adapted and extended from the MUSIC algorithm that has been used for a linear sensor array. Previously, it was shown that the SMUSIC algorithm and a millimeter wave radar can be used to resolve two closely spaced point targets that exhibited constructive interference, but not for the targets that exhibited destructive interference. Therefore, there were some limitations of the algorithm for the point targets. In this paper, the SMUSIC algorithm is applied to a problem of resolving real complex scatterer-type targets, which is more useful and of greater practical interest, particular for the future Army radar system. The paper presents results of the angular resolution of the targets, an M60 tank and an M113 Armored Personnel Carrier (APC), that are within the mainlobe of a K(a)-bandradar antenna. In particular, we applied the algorithm to resolve centroids of the targets that were placed within the beamwidth of the antenna. The collected coherent data using the stepped-frequency radar were compute magnitudely for the SMUSIC calculation. Even though there were significantly different signal returns for different orientations and offsets of the two targets, we resolved those two target centroids when they were as close as about 1/3 of the antenna beamwidth.

关键词： Scan-MUSIC (SMUSIC) angular resolution cross-range resolution closely spaced point targets antenna pattern step-scanned antenna spatial smoothing subvector average real scatterer-type targets phase correction

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passive position-adaptive radar modes for non-LOS interrogation of embedded targets

Passive position-adaptive radar modes for non-LOS interrogat...

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Conference on radar sensor technology viii and passive millimeter-wave imaging technology vii

作者： Mitra, AK USAF Res Lab SNRR Wright Patterson AFB OH 45433 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819453331

A position-adaptive radar system concept is presented for purposes of interrogating difficult and obscured targets via the application of low-altitude smart or robotic-type UAV platforms. Under this concept, a high-altitude radiating platform is denoted as a HUAV and a low-altitude "position-adaptive" platform is denoted as a LUAV. The system concept is described by two modes. In Mode-1, real-time onboard LUAV computation of a phase parameter denoted as "signal differential path length" allows the LUAV to position-adaptively isolate a "signal leakage point", for example, between two buildings. After the LUAV position-adaptively converges to an optimum location, the system enters Mode-2. Under this Mode-2 concept, a technique denoted as "exploitation of leakage signals via path trajectory diversity" (E-LS-PTD) is developed. This technique is based on modulating scattering centers on embedded objects by implementing a fast trajectory on the HUAV while the LUAV is hovering in front of an obscuration channel." Analytical results include sample outputs from an initial set numerical electromagnetic simulations.

关键词： position-adaptive radar systems analysis electromagnetic modeling and simulation

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passive interferometric millimeter-wave imaging: achieving big results with a constellation of small satellites

Passive interferometric millimeter-wave imaging: achieving b...

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Conference on radar sensor technology viii and passive millimeter-wave imaging technology vii

作者： Shao, XM Junor, W Zenick, R Rogers, A Dighe, K Los Alamos Natl Lab Space & Atmospher Sci Grp Los Alamos NM 87545 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819453331

Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) and AeroAstro have recently investigated the feasibility of space-based passive interferometric millimeter wave imaging (PIMI). The goal of this study is to explore a new capability that can offer day/night, all-weather, passive imaging with a 1-meter resolution, by means of millimetric interferometry via a small constellation of microsatellites. According to our preliminary study, a system with four LEO satellites operating at multiple frequency channels within 95-150 GHz is capable of providing an imagery of 1-m spatial resolution. The corresponding temperature sensitivity is estimated to be similar to20degreesK, enough to distinguish most artifacts from a variety of backgrounds. To achieve the stated resolution and sensitivity with only four satellites, we make use of ten frequency channels to synthesize ten effective baselines between any pair of satellites. In addition, the satellites will "stare" at a common target area off the track direction for about 2 minutes while they pass over the area. This type of observation will introduce much improved spatial frequency coverage due to the relative rotation of the baseline vectors. It also improves the imagery SNR with a longer viewing time, as compared to a downward looking system. To the target, the side-looking observation also has the advantage of near constant incident (zenith) angle. The satellites are required to perform a formation flight but a rigid formation is not necessary. Simultaneous interferometric measurement of GPS signals, together with inter-satellites ranging will allow us to monitor the baseline length and direction to an adequate accuracy. A tradeoff study has also been conducted between the system performance and the technology availability, i.e., the current state-of-the-art technologies for space-borne antenna, millimeter-wave receiver, high-speed digitizer, inter-satellites data communication, and so forth.

关键词： interferometric imaging mmw small satellite

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Design and development of a high performance passive mm-wave imager for aeronautical applications

Design and development of a high performance passive mm-wave...

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Conference on radar sensor technology viii and passive millimeter-wave imaging technology vii

作者： Lettington, AH Dunn, D Alexander, NE Wabby, A Lyons, BN Doyle, R Walshe, J Attia, M Blankson, I Univ Reading Reading RG6 6AF Berks England

ISBN: (纸本)0819453331

This paper describes a high performance opto-mechanically scanned mm-wave imager intended to monitor the ground movement of aircraft in adverse weather conditions. It employs two counter-rotating mirrors that are tilted about their axes of rotation. They simulate the linear scan of a single high speed, large aperture flapping mirror. When used with a linear receiver array they can produce a two-dimensional scan of the scene at TV rates. In the present application they were used with a single receiver and a large flapping mirror to produce a two-dimensional scan of the scene of +/-10degrees vertically and 60degrees horizontally. One of the rotating mirrors had a concave surface and acted as the focusing element in the imager. The two mirrors were driven from a single servo motor using timing belts and toothed pulleys. The flapping mirror was slaved to the motion of the rotating discs using an electronic cam. The single channel 94GHz receiver consisted of an InP LNA followed by a down-converter and a detector. The video output passed to an A/D converter and was displayed on a conventional PC. This system has virtually 100% transmission and can be used at any waveband.

关键词： passive millimeter-wave imaging PMMW scanning

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Analysis of passive millimeter-wave imagery texture for enhanced aircraft obstacle avoidance

Analysis of passive millimeter-wave imagery texture for enha...

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Conference on radar sensor technology viii and passive millimeter-wave imaging technology vii

作者： Wikner, DA USA Res Lab Adelphi MD 20783 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819453331

It has been demonstrated that passive MMW imagers can be used to detect obstacles through the fog, such as treelines and hillsides, which might be encountered in the path of a low-flying aircraft. However, the brightness temperature contrast between the horizon sky and the obstacle can often be quite small in foggy conditions, on the order of 5 K or less. Reliable detection of this contrast without image processing requires a passive MMW imager with a DeltaT(min) of about 0.2 K, which is quite challenging for existing 30-Hz imagers. While improvements in passive MMW imagers continue, it is useful to look at image analysis techniques that have the potential to improve obstacle detection by increasing the amount of information extracted from each image frame. In this paper we look at the ways that texture can be used to extract more information from the imagery. By merging textural information with the brightness temperature contrast information, there is the potential to enhance the detection of objects within the scene. The data used for the analysis presented here is 93-GHz, passive imagery of a deciduous treeline scene and a concrete building scene. The data were taken from the roof of a 4-story building to simulate the view of a low-flying aircraft. The data were collected over many months with an ARL-built Stokes-vector radiometer. This radiometer is a single-beam system that raster scans over a scene to collect a calibrated 93-GHz image. Texture measurement results for image segment samples, including autocorrelation and spatial edgeness, are presented in this work. Also presented are the effects of applying a modified Sobel edge detection technique to imagery with the least detectable obstacles.

关键词： passive millimeter-wave imaging buildings treeline collision avoidance image texture

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