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On the Cramér-Rao bound for the constrained and unconstrained complex parameters

On the Cramér-Rao bound for the constrained and unconstrain...

引用

sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Esa Ollila Visa Koivunen Jan Eriksson Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Oulu Oulu Finland Signal Processing Laboratory Helsinki University of Technology Finland

We derive a complex form of the unconstrained and constrained Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRB) of composite real parameters formed by stacking the real and imaginary part of the complex parameters. the derived complex constrained and unconstrained CRB is easy to calculate and possesses similar structure as in the real parameter case but with the real covariance, Jacobian and the Fisher information matrix replaced by complex matrices with analogous interpretations. the advantage of the complex CRB is that it is oftentimes easier to calculate than its real form. It is highlighted that a statistic that attains a bound on the complex covariance matrix alone do not necessarily attain the CRB since complex covariance matrix does not provide a full second-order description of a complex statistic since also the pseudo-covariance matrix is needed. Our derivations also lead to some new insights and theory that are similar to real CRB theory.

关键词： Covariance matrix Jacobian matrices Symmetric matrices Matrices signal processing Estimation Cramer-Rao bounds

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MAP-PF 3D position tracking using multiple sensor array

MAP-PF 3D position tracking using multiple sensor array

引用

sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Kristine L. Bell Richard Pitre Department of Statistics George Mason University Fairfax VA USA RobTre Research Limited Liability Company Clarksville MD USA

the maximum a posteriori penalty function (MAP-PF) approach is applied to three-dimensional (3D) target position tracking of multiple wideband sources using multiple distributed sensor arrays. the track estimation problem is formulated directly from the array data using the maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation criterion. the penalty function (PF) method of nonlinear programming is used to obtain a tractable solution. A sequential update procedure is developed in which penalized maximum likelihood estimates of target directions-of-arrival (DOAs) and spectra are computed at each array and then used as synthetic measurements in a set of extended Kalman filters. the two steps are coupled via the penalty function. the current target states are used to guide the DOA/spectrum estimation, and the estimated signal spectra control the influence of the DOA estimates from each array on the final track estimates. the algorithm can be implemented in a decentralized manner where DOA/spectrum estimation is performed at the arrays, and track estimation is performed at a central processing site.

关键词： Target tracking Direction of arrival estimation arrays Estimation Spectral analysis Maximum likelihood estimation sensor arrays

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EVALUATION OF EMERGING FREQUENCY DOMAIN CONVOLUTIVE BLIND SOURCE SEPARATION ALGORIthMS BASED ON REAL ROOM RECORDINGS

EVALUATION OF EMERGING FREQUENCY DOMAIN CONVOLUTIVE BLIND SO...

引用

2008 ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： S. M. Naqvi Y. Zhang T. Tsalaile S. Sanei J. A. Chambers Department of Electronic Electrical Engineering Loughborough University Loughborough UK Centre of Digital Signal Processing Cardiff University Cardiff UK

this paper presents a comparative study of three of the emerging frequency domain convolutive blind source separation (FDCBSS) techniques i.e. convolutive blind separation of non-stationary sources due to Parra and Spence, penalty function-based joint diagonalization approach for convolutive blind separation of nonstationary sources due to Wang et al. and a geometrically constrained multimodal approach for convolutive blind source separation due to Sanei et al. Objective evaluation is performed on the basis of signal to interference ratio (SIR), performance index (PI) and solution to the permutation problem. the results confirm that a multimodal approach is necessary to properly mitigate the permutation in BSS and ultimately to solve the cocktail party problem. In other words, it is to make BSS semiblind by exploiting prior geometrical information, and thereby providing the framework to find robust solutions for more challenging source separation with moving speakers.

关键词： Frequency domain (BSS) Geometrical constraints Orthogonal/nonorthogonal constraints Penalty functions Cocktail party problem and multimodal signal separation

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Robust adaptive beamformers: A beampattern shaping approach

Robust adaptive beamformers: A beampattern shaping approach

引用

sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： S. E. Nai W. Ser Z. L. Yu School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Signal Processing Nanyang Technological University Singapore

Adaptive beamformers can degrade drastically in practice because they are highly sensitive to mismatches between the exploited assumptions and the actual characteristics of the sensor array, environment and sources. At low snapshots, the sidelobes can get very high due to errors in the array covariance matrix. this degrades the signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio (SINR). Recently, a robust adaptive beamformer based on worst-case optimization (RAB-WC), has reformulated beamforming as a second-order cone programming (SOCP) problem. It exhibits adaptive interference-rejection capability and robustness against large steering direction errors. However, the sidelobes in RAB-WC are indirectly controlled by a regularization factor and it is not clear how the factor value should be selected. In this paper, we propose a new framework based on the use of a set of beampattern shaping constraints. With this framework, the beamformer possesses not only adaptive interference-rejection capability and robustness against large steering direction errors, but also direct sidelobe control simultaneously. Unlike other state-of-the-art robust adaptive beamformers, the proposed beamformer is robust against moving interferences too. the proposed framework is generic and many beamformers can be derived to tackle specific problems.

关键词： Interference Robustness arrays array signal processing signal to noise ratio Covariance matrix Chromium

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Localization of orphan utility meters based on spatio-temporal signature information

Localization of orphan utility meters based on spatio-tempor...

引用

sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Yimin Zhang Xin Li Emmanuel Monnerie Glenn A. Pritchard Ruben Salazar Cardozo Wireless Communications and Positioning Laboratory Advanced Communications Villanova University Villanova PA USA Cellnet Hunt Alpharetta GA USA Meter Reading Technologies PECO Philadelphia PA USA

As utilities convert from manual meter reading to automated systems, a new set of operation challenges arise in the day-to-day operation of the metering system. One of the most significant problems occurs when a meter is installed, but the physical location of the meter has not been properly recorded by the utilitiespsila system of record. this condition is commonly referred to as an ldquoorphanrdquo meter. Current methods of locating orphan meters are manual and time intensive. this paper presents a new method for electronically locating orphan meters. the technique leverages spatio-temporal correlations between the reference meters and the orphan meter. Additional information, such as the received signal power, is also used to provide more robust location estimation performance. Ray-tracing simulation and field measurement results have shown promising localization results of the orphan meters.

关键词： Receivers Correlation arrays Wireless communication Ray tracing Antenna measurements Wireless sensor networks

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Estimation of contour parameter uncertainties in permittivity imaging using MCMC sampling

Estimation of contour parameter uncertainties in permittivit...

引用

sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： C. Schwarzl D. Watzenig C. Fox Institute of Electrical Measurement and Measurement Signal Processing Graz University of Technology Graz Austria Department of Physics University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand

Electrical capacitance tomography is targeted on estimating the spatial permittivity distribution of an inhomogeneous medium from measurements of trans-capacitance of a multi-electrode assembly outside the boundary of the medium. Since small changes in the measured data cause large or unbounded changes in recovered parameters, the problem is an ill-posed inverse problem. In this article, special focus is on the robust reconstruction of the shape of material inhomogeneities in an otherwise uniform background material. In order to represent the boundary of the inclusion, radial basis functions (RBF) implying a low order of the state-space are introduced. this approach ensures smooth contours how they appear in industrial applications like in oil refinement. the inverse problem is formulated in a Bayesian inferential framework, by specifying a prior distribution for the shape of the inclusion, and characterizing the statistics of measurement noise. the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) is presented to efficiently explore the posterior distribution. the applicability of the proposed MCMC sampler is verified for a reconstruction example using measured data.

关键词： Electrodes Permittivity measurement Current measurement Finite element methods Materials Mathematical model Shape

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Detection and localization of emitters in the presence of multipath using a uniform linear antenna array

Detection and localization of emitters in the presence of mu...

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sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop

作者： Ugur Sarac F.Kerem Harmanci Tayfun Akgul National Research Institude of Electronics and Cryptology TÜBITAK Kocaeli Turkey Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey Bogaziçi University Istanbul Turkey TÜBiTAK MRC Earth and Marine Sciences Institute Kocaeli Turkey TÜBİMTAK Earth and Marine Sciences Institute Kocaeli Turkey

In this paper, we present a new application of the likelihood ratio test to solve the problem of enumeration and localization of multiple emitters (sources) with a uniform linear antenna array in a multi-path environment. First, spatial smoothing is applied to the antenna array data to decorrelate signals corresponding to each path in the estimated correlation matrix and the number of paths is then counted using an information theoretic criterion. then, MUSIC is applied with this correlation matrix to estimate the angle of arrival of all possible incident paths. In our signal model, we assume that the correlation between signals from two paths is one if they originate from the same source but zero if they are from different sources. the likelihood ratio test is then applied to each path pair using this correlation model and the angles of arrival estimated by MUSIC in order to find out if the path pair originates from the same emitter, and hence the number of emitters and their angles of arrival are estimated. the proposed algorithm on the likelihood ratio test is compared with the correlation coefficient algorithm based on minimum variance beamforming with a performance analysis.

关键词： arrays Correlation Music Antenna arrays Noise Smoothing methods signal processing

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signal strength localization bounds in ad hoc & sensor networks when transmit powers are random

Signal strength localization bounds in ad hoc & sensor netwo...

引用

4th ieee sensor array and multichannel signal processing workshop Proceedings, sam 2006

作者： Patwari, Neal Hero III, Alfred O. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States

ISBN: (纸本)1424403081

sensor localization bounds have been derived assuming that received signal strength (RSS) measurements are performed with perfectly known sensor transmit powers. In this paper the Bayesian Cramér-Rao bound is derived assuming transmit powers are random with known prior distribution. Further, both directional measurements on each link, from i to j and from j to i, and their correlation, are explicitly considered. Results show that random transmit powers have a small (5-13%) impact on coordinate estimation bounds. However, using only the average of the directional measurements can significantly increase these bounds. © 2006 ieee.

关键词： signal analysis

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