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检索条件"任意字段=SPIE Biomedical Applications in Molecular, Structural and Functional Imaging Conference"

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Alternations of functional connectivity in amblyopia patients: A resting-state fMRI study

Alternations of functional connectivity in amblyopia patient...

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conference on Medical imaging - biomedical applications in molecular, structural, and functional imaging

作者： Wang, Jieqiong Hu, Ling Li, Wenjing Xian, Junfang Ai, Likun He, Huiguang Chinese Acad Sci State Key Lab Management & Control Complex Syst Inst Automat Beijing Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Key Lab Molecular Imaging Inst Automat Beijing Peoples R China Capital Med Univ Beijing Tongren Dept Radiol Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9780819498311

Amblyopia is a common yet hard-to-cure disease in children and results in poor or blurred vision. Some efforts such as voxel-based analysis, cortical thickness analysis have been tried to reveal the pathogenesis of amblyopia. However, few studies focused on alterations of the functional connectivity (FC) in amblyopia. In this study, we analyzed the abnormalities of amblyopia patients by both the seed-based FC with the left/right primary visual cortex and the network constructed throughout the whole brain. Experiments showed the following results: (1)As for the seed-based FC analysis, FC between superior occipital gyms and the primary visual cortex was found to significantly decrease in both sides. The abnormalities were also found in lingual gyms. The results may reflect functional deficits both in dorsal stream and ventral stream. (2)Two increased functional connectivities and 64 decreased functional connectivities were found in the whole brain network analysis. The decreased functional connectivities most concentrate in the temporal cortex. The results suggest that amblyopia may be caused by the deficits in the visual information transmission.

关键词： amblyopia resting-state fIVIRI functional connectivity

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Medical imaging 2014: biomedical applications in molecular, structural, and functional imaging

Medical Imaging 2014: Biomedical Applications in Molecular, ...

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Medical imaging 2014: biomedical applications in molecular, structural, and functional imaging

ISBN: (纸本)9780819498311

The proceedings contain 66 papers. The topics discussed include: longitudinal MR cortical thinning of individuals and its correlation with PET metabolic reduction - a measurement consistency and correctness studies;independent component analysis of DTI data reveals white matter covariances in Alzheimer's disease;incorporation of learned shape priors into a graph-theoretic approach with application to the 3-d segmentation of intraretinal surfaces in SD-OCT volumes of mice;microcystic macular edema detection in retina OCT images;graph-based retrospective 4D image construction from free-breathing MRI slice acquisitions;challenges and limitations of patient-specific vascular phantom fabrication using 3D polyjet printing;and a fully automatic unsupervised segmentation framework for the brain tissues in MR images.

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Medical imaging 2013: biomedical applications in molecular, structural, and functional imaging

Medical Imaging 2013: Biomedical Applications in Molecular, ...

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Medical imaging 2013: biomedical applications in molecular, structural, and functional imaging

ISBN: (纸本)9780819494467

The proceedings contain 68 papers. The topics discussed include: a multimodal (MRI/ultrasound) cardiac phantom for imaging experiments;quantification of microfluidic dye mixing using front line tracking in curvature scale space;porcine pulmonary artery distension during static pressure inflation;comparison of Cartesian, UTE radial, and spiral phase-contrast MRI in measurement of blood flow in extracranial carotid arteries: normal subjects;quantitative measurement of MR cortical atrophy: MR brain surface intensity model (BSIM) and group and individual cortical thinning studies;statistical texture analysis based MRI quantification of duchenne muscular dystrophy in a canine model;development of a method to image blood flow beneath the skull or tissue using ultrasonic speckle reflections;and introducing anisotropic Minkowski functionals and quantitative anisotropy measures for local structure analysis in biomedical imaging.

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Fabrication of Chitosan Nanoparticles with Aggregation-Induced Emission Characteristics and Their applications in Long-term Live Cell imaging

Fabrication of Chitosan Nanoparticles with Aggregation-Induc...

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18th International conference on Dynamical Processes in Excited States of Solids

作者： Ben Zhong Tang Department of Chemistry Institute for Advanced Study State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Division of Biomedical Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) Guangdong Innovative Research Team SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Laboratory State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology (SCUT) HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute

Chitosan with tetraphenylethene pendants (TPE-CS) were synthesized by reaction between amine and isothiocyanate groups of chitosan and tetraphenylethene (TPE), respectively. Nanoparticles of TPE-CS (TPE-CS NPs) were fabricated by ionic gelation method. The NPs were uniform in size, spherical in shape, monodispersed and positive in surface charge. The suspension of TPE-CS NPs

关键词： TPE Fabrication of Chitosan Nanoparticles with Aggregation-Induced Emission Characteristics and Their applications in Long-term Live Cell imaging

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Three-dimensional Microwave imaging with Incorporated Prior structural Information

Three-dimensional Microwave Imaging with Incorporated Prior ...

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conference on Medical imaging - biomedical applications in molecular, structural and functional imaging

作者： Golnabi, Amir H. Meaney, Paul M. Epstein, Neil R. Paulsen, Keith D. Dartmouth Coll Thayer Sch Engn 14 Engn Dr Hanover NH 03755 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819489661

Microwave imaging for biomedical applications, especially for early detection of breast cancer and effective treatment monitoring, has attracted increasing interest in last several decades. This fact is due to the high contrast between the dielectric properties of the normal and malignant breast tissues at microwave frequencies. The available range of dielectric properties for different soft tissue can provide important functional information about tissue health. Nonetheless, one of the limiting weaknesses of microwave imaging is that unlike conventional modalities, such as X-ray CT or MRI, it inherently cannot provide high-resolution images. The conventional modalities can produce highly resolved anatomical information but often cannot provide the functional information required for diagnoses. Previously, we have developed a regularization strategy that can incorporate prior anatomical information from MR or other sources and use it in a way to refine the resolution of the microwave images, while also retaining the functional nature of the reconstructed property values. In the present work, we extend the use of prior structural information in microwave imaging from 2D to 3D. This extra dimension adds a significant layer of complexity to the entire image reconstruction procedure. In this paper, several challenges with respect to the 3D microwave imaging will be discussed and the results of a series of 3D simulation and phantom experiments with prior structural information will be studied.

关键词： Microwave imaging Soft-prior Regularization Multi-modality imaging Breast Cancer A-priori Information

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MSB Estimation of Bound Fraction: Bias from Binding Energy Uncertainty

MSB Estimation of Bound Fraction: Bias from Binding Energy U...

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conference on Medical imaging - biomedical applications in molecular, structural and functional imaging

作者： Weaver, John B. Dartmouth Med Sch Dept Radiol Lebanon NH USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819489661

Magnetic spectroscopy of nanoparticle Brownian motion, MSB, uses the magnetization produced by magnetic nanoparticles in a sinusoidal magnetic field, which can be observed remotely at low enough concentrations to enable it to be used for "molecular imaging". The MSB signal is sensitive to chemical binding, temperature and viscosity. If the MSB signals from nanoparticles in multiple bound states are known, a mixture model can be used to find the concentration of nanoparticles in each bound state. The accuracy has been shown to be high for two and three bound states. However, if the bound states are not accurately known, as is often the case in vivo, the model is perturbed significantly. Using simulations of two bound states based on the effective field approximation to the Fokker-Planck equations, we show that the error in the bound fraction is roughly proportional to the error in the bound state relaxation time. The errors in bound fraction were roughly proportional to the error in the relaxation time for the bound state used in the mixture model. The largest errors occurred for short relaxation time bound states. But for all bound state relaxation times, 10% errors in the relaxation time of the bound state resulted in errors in the bound fraction of less than 10%.

关键词： Nanoparticles Magnetism In vivo imaging Error analysis imaging spectroscopy Iron Medical imaging molecular imaging Oxides Spectroscopy

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Alternative Spatial Encoding for imaging Magnetic Nanoparticles

Alternative Spatial Encoding for Imaging Magnetic Nanopartic...

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conference on Medical imaging - biomedical applications in molecular, structural and functional imaging

作者： Weaver, John B. Dartmouth Med Sch Dept Radiol Lebanon NH 03756 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819489661

Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) was introduced in 2005 and is one of the very few imaging methods capable of sensitivities that allow the term "molecular imaging" to be applied. Estimates of sensitivity allow nanograms of iron oxide nanoparticles to be imaged. MPI cyclically saturates the nanoparticles with an alternating magnetic field termed the drive field. The signal from the harmonics of the drive frequency is recorded. Localization is achieved by saturating the nanoparticles outside a "field free point." We present an alternative method of encoding the position of the magnetic nanoparticles. Signal is generated at the 2nd harmonic of the drive field only when a static magnetic field is present. Localization is achieved by placing a small static magnetic field gradient across the sample and the phase of the signal depends on the sign of the static field. The response of the nanoparticles at different static fields provides the localization. The localization can be modeled as a wavelet transform if the gradient is approximately linear. Smaller field gradients are required than in MPI. The sensitivity is potentially significantly higher than that of MPI;when minimum bandwidths are employed to achieve the maximum SNR, the SNR is 85% larger for new method. Variable resolution can be achieved. This is the first method capable of imaging the signal from a single harmonic independently of other harmonics. The new method has promise for low cost screening applications where only coarse localization might be required.

关键词： Nanoparticles Magnetism Computer programming Magnetic particle imaging Wavelets Signal to noise ratio molecular imaging Iron Oxides Signal generators

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Tomographic Bioluminescence imaging by an Iteratively Re-weighted Minimization

Tomographic Bioluminescence Imaging by an Iteratively Re-wei...

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conference on Medical imaging - biomedical applications in molecular, structural and functional imaging

作者： Wu, Ping Liu, Kai Xue, Zhenwen Guo, Wei Qin, Chenghu Tian, Jie Chinese Acad Sci Intelligent Med Res Ctr Inst Automat Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Beijing Univ Technol Coll Elect Informat & Control Engn Beijing 100022 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9780819489661

Tomographic bioluminescence imaging (TBI), with visible light emission in living organisms, is an effective way of molecular imaging, which allows for the study of ongoing tumor biological processes in vivo and non-invasively. This newly developed technology enables three-dimensional accuracy localization and quantitative analysis of the target tumor cells in small animal via reconstructing the images acquired by the high-resolution imaging system. Due to the difficulty of reconstruction, which is often referred to an ill-posed inverse problem, continuous efforts are still made to find more practical and efficient approaches. In this paper, an iteratively re-weighted minimization (IRM) has been applied to reconstruct the entire source distribution, which is known as sparse signals, inside the target tissue with the limited outgoing photon density on its boundary. By introducing a weight function into the objective function, we convert the lp norm problem into a more simple form of l2 norm to reduce the computational complexity. The weight function is updated in each iterative step to compute the final optimal solution more efficiently. This method is proved to be robust to different parameters, and mouse experiments are conducted to validate the feasibility of IRM approach, which is also reliable at whole-body imaging.

关键词： Tomographic bioluminescence imaging molecular imaging inverse problem sparse signals reconstruction

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Fast Implementation for Fluorescence Tomography Based on Coordinate Descent with Limited Measurements

Fast Implementation for Fluorescence Tomography Based on Coo...

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conference on Medical imaging - biomedical applications in molecular, structural and functional imaging

作者： Xue, Zhenwen Qin, Chenghu Wu, Ping Yang, Xin Tian, Jie Chinese Acad Sci Inst Automat Intelligent Med Res Ctr Beijing 100190 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9780819489661

Fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) can three-dimensionally resolve molecular activities in in vivo small animal through the reconstruction of the distribution of fluorescent probes. Due to large number of unknowns and limited measurements from the surfaces of small animals, the FMT problem is often ill-posed and ill-conditioned. Though various L2-norm regularizations can make the solution stable, they usually make the solution over-smoothed. During the early stages of tumor detection, fluorescent sources that indicate the distribution of tumors are usually small and sparse, which can be regarded as a type of a priori information. L1-norm regularizations have been incorporated to promote the sparsity of optical tomographic problems. In this paper, an efficient method with the L1-norm regularization based on coordinate descent is proposed to solve the FMT problem with extremely limited measurements. The proposed method minimizes the objective by solving a sequence of scalar minimization subproblems in multi-variable minimization. Each subproblem improves the estimate of the solution via minimizing along a determined coordinate with all other coordinates fixed. This algorithm first updates the coordinate that makes the energy decrease the most. Non-existence of matrix-vector multiplication in the iteration process makes the proposed algorithm time-efficient. To evaluate this method, we compare it to the iterated-shrinkage-based algorithm with L1-norm regularization in numerical experiments. The proposed algorithm is able to obtain satisfactory reconstruction results even when the measurements are very limited. Besides, the proposed algorithm is about two orders of magnitude faster than the iterated-shrinkage-based algorithm, which enables the proposed algorithm into practical applications.

关键词： Fluorescence molecular tomography coordinate descent

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Magnetic Resonance Guided Optical Spectroscopy imaging of Human Breast Cancer Using a Combined Frequency Domain and Continuous Wave Approach

Magnetic Resonance Guided Optical Spectroscopy Imaging of Hu...

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conference on Medical imaging - biomedical applications in molecular, structural and functional imaging

作者： Mastanduno, Michael A. Davis, Scott C. Jiang, Shudong diFlorio-Alexander, Roberta Pogue, Brian W. Paulsen, Keith D. Dartmouth Coll Thayer Sch Engn Hanover NH 03755 USA Dartmouth Med Sch Dept Diagnost Radiol Lebanon NH 03756 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819489661

Dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is used to image high-risk patients for breast cancer because of its higher sensitivity to tumors (approaching 100%) than traditional x-ray mammography. We focus on Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) as an emerging functional and molecular imaging technique that non-invasively quantifies optical properties of total hemoglobin, oxygen saturation, water content, scattering, and lipid concentration to increase the relatively low specificity of DCE-MRI. Our optical imaging system combines six frequency domain wavelengths, measured using PMT detectors with three continuous wave wavelengths measured using CCD/spectrometers. We present methods on combining the synergistic attributes of DCE-MR and NIRS for in-vivo imaging of breast cancer in three dimensions using a custom optical MR breast coil and diffusion based light modeling software, NIRFAST. We present results from phantom studies, healthy subjects, and breast cancer patients. Preliminary results show contrast recovery within 10% in phantoms and spatial resolution less than 5mm. Images from healthy subjects were recovered with properties similar to literature values and previous studies. Patient images have shown elevated total hemoglobin values and water fraction, agreeing with histology and previous results. The additional information gained from NIRS may improve the ability to distinguish between malignant and benign lesions during MR imaging. These dual modality instruments will provide complex anatomical and molecular prognostic information, and may decrease the number of biopsies, thereby improving patient care.

关键词： optical tomography breast cancer molecular imaging magnetic resonance

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