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Chemistry does general relativity: reaction-diffusion waves can model gravitational lensing

FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS 2024年 11卷

作者： Cohen-Cobos, Daniel Sanders, Kiyomi DeGroot, Laura Guarnera, Heather Leary, Cody Lindner, John F. Manz, Niklas Coll Wooster Dept Phys Wooster OH 44691 USA Coll Wooster Dept Math & Computat Sci Wooster OH USA North Carolina State Univ Dept Phys Raleigh NC USA Calif State Univ Dept Phys & Astron Long Beach CA USA

Gravitational lensing is a general relativistic (GR) phenomenon where a massive object redirects light, deflecting, magnifying, and sometimes multiplying its source. We use reaction-diffusion (RD) Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) chemistry to study this astronomical effect in a table-top experiment. We experimentally observe BZ waves passing through non-planar, quasi-two-dimensional molds and reproduce the waveforms in computer simulations using planar RD waves propagating with variable diffusion. We tune the variable diffusion to match the Schwarzschild-coordinate light speed near a spherical mass so the RD propagation approximates Einstein's famous light deflection relation. We discuss varying the diffusion or reaction rates with a gel matrix or with illumination, electric field, or temperature gradients.

关键词： Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction gravitational lensing reaction-diffusion waves general relativity Barkley model Python (programming language) Mathematica (programming language)

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Evaluating Solo vs Pair programming in an Online Setting for Introductory programming Students 2023

Evaluating Solo vs Pair Programming in an Online Setting for...

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54th Annual ACM SIGCSE Technical Symposium on computer science Education (SIGCSE TS)

作者： Hafeez, Mustafa Karki, Anand Radwan, Yara Saha, Anis Bernuy, Angela Zavaleta Harrington, Brian Univ Toronto Scarborough Toronto ON Canada Univ Toronto Toronto ON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781450394338

Many studies have shown the efficacy of pair programming for students learning to program. However, most of these studies have taken place in an in-person environment, where the driver and navigator are physically sharing a keyboard and screen and can communicate verbally and non-verbally. With the increase in online learning, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is important to know whether these results generalize to an online environment. In this work, we develop a methodology to replicate existing pair programming research in a remote context. Students can fulfill the same driver and navigator roles and share access to a single IDE. However, communication is limited to video chat, and participants can never physically interact. This will allow us to replicate various studies, evaluating the efficacy, perceptions, impacts, and perceptions of solo vs. pair programming. An initial study of 116 students enrolled in an introduction to programming course validated our experimental setup and showed that pair programming positively impacted the completion and correctness of programming exercises in an online environment. With 67.3% of pair programming submissions passing at least one test case, vs. 55.3% in the solo programming condition, and 63.5% of pair programming submissions passing all test cases vs. 45.0% of solo submissions (p < 0.02). This work validates our experimental design and shows promise that future work will be able to replicate many additional pair-programming studies in an online environment.

关键词： remote pair-programming cs0 pair-programming remote work

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Live But Not Active: Minimal Effect with Passive Live Coding 2025

Live But Not Active: Minimal Effect with Passive Live Coding

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56th Technical Symposium on computer science Education

作者： Watkins, Andrea Settle, Amber Miller, Craig S. Schwabe, Eric J. Univ Illinois Urbana IL 61820 USA Depaul Univ Chicago IL USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798400705328

Background: Live coding, or the process of instructors writing code in real time in front of students, is an alternative teaching method to showing students static code examples. Variations of live coding tightly coupled with more active learning approaches are common, which can make it difficult to understand the contribution of live coding alone. Purpose: In this study, we aim to disentangle the benefits of live coding from live coding with explicit active learning approaches. We compare live coding with no added active learning components to presenting students with static code examples. Methods: We present a programming topic to over 100 students using either live coding or static code examples. To more closely parallel showing static code examples, our live coding process involves simply writing and discussing code. We compare student performance and engagement between the two session modes. Findings: Our results show no significant difference between the two presentation modes in terms of learning outcomes. This suggests that live coding in its most basic form may not be sufficiently different from showing static code examples to impact student performance. We also found that live coding students were much more likely to type code, but no more likely to display other engagement behaviors. However, of the engagement activities, only different levels of code typing corresponded with different learning outcomes. Contributions: This research highlights the need for more explicit differentiation and comparisons of live coding with and without active learning strategies.

关键词： engagement live coding object-oriented programming static code examples

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Integration of MILP and discrete-event simulation for flow shop scheduling using Benders cuts

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computerS & CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2024年 189卷

作者： Wallrath, Roderich Franke, Meik B. Univ Twente Fac Sci & Technol Sustainable Proc Technol Drienerlolaan 5 NL-7522 NB Enschede Netherlands Bayer AG Kaiser Wilhelm Allee 1 D-51373 Leverkusen Germany

Optimization-based scheduling in the chemical industry is highly beneficial but also highly difficult due to its combinatorial complexity. Different modeling and optimization techniques exist, each with individual strengths. We propose Benders decomposition to integrate mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) and discrete-event simulation (DES) to solve flow shop scheduling problems with makespan minimization objective. The basic idea is to generate valid Benders cuts based on sensitivity information of the DES sub problem, which can be found in the critical paths of DES solutions. For scaled literature flow shops, our approach requires at least an order of magnitude fewer iterations than a genetic algorithm and provides optimality gap information. For a realworld case study, our approach finds good solutions very quickly, making it a powerful alternative to established methods. We conclude that the Benders-DES algorithm is a promising approach to combine rigorous MILP optimization capabilities with high-fidelity DES modeling capabilities.

关键词： Simulation optimization Benders decomposition Mixed-integer programming Discrete-event simulation Flow shop scheduling

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Neural differentiable modeling with diffusion-based super-resolution for two-dimensional spatiotemporal turbulence

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computer METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING 2025年 433卷

作者： Fan, Xiantao Akhare, Deepak Wang, Jian-Xun Univ Notre Dame Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn Notre Dame IN USA Cornell Univ Sibley Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn Ithaca NY 14850 USA

Simulating spatiotemporal turbulence with high fidelity remains a cornerstone challenge in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) due to its intricate multiscale nature and prohibitive computational demands. Traditional approaches typically employ closure models, which attempt to represent small-scale features in an unresolved manner. However, these methods often sacrifice accuracy and lose high-frequency/wavenumber information, especially in scenarios involving complex flow physics. In this paper, we introduce an innovative neural differentiable modeling framework designed to enhance the predictability and efficiency of spatiotemporal turbulence simulations. Our approach features differentiable hybrid modeling techniques that seamlessly integrate deep neural networks with numerical PDE solvers within a differentiable programming framework, synergizing deep learning with physics-based CFD modeling. Specifically, a hybrid differentiable neural solver is constructed on a coarser grid to capture large-scale turbulent phenomena, followed by the application of a Bayesian conditional diffusion model that generates small-scale turbulence conditioned on large-scale flow predictions. Two innovative hybrid architecture designs are studied, and their performance is evaluated through comparative analysis against conventional large eddy simulation techniques with physics-based subgridscale closures and purely data-driven neural solvers. The findings underscore the potential of the neural differentiable modeling framework to significantly enhance the accuracy and computational efficiency of turbulence simulations. This study not only demonstrates the efficacy of merging deep learning with physics-based numerical solvers but also sets a new precedent for advanced CFD modeling techniques, highlighting the transformative impact of differentiable programming in scientific computing.

关键词： Differentiable programming Super-resolution Scientific machine learning Deep neural network Conditional diffusion model Generative AI

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Image-Based OA-Style Paper Pop-Up Design via Mixed-Integer programming

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IEEE Transactions on Visualization and computer Graphics 2023年第10期29卷 4269-4283页

作者： Huang, Fei Liu, Chen Hsiao, Kai-Wen Kuo, Ying-Miao Chu, Hung-Kuo Yang, Yong-Liang University of Bath Department of Computer Science BathBA2 7AY United Kingdom Meta - Facebook Reality Labs RedmondWA98052 United States National Tsing Hua University Department of Computer Science HsinChu300 Taiwan

Origami architecture (OA) is a fascinating papercraft that involves only a piece of paper with cuts and folds. Interesting geometric structures 'pop up' when the paper is opened. However, manually designing such a physically valid 2D paper pop-up plan is challenging since fold lines must jointly satisfy hard spatial constraints. Existing works on automatic OA-style paper pop-up design all focused on how to generate a pop-up structure that approximates a given target 3D model. This article presents the first OA-style paper pop-up design framework that takes 2D images instead of 3D models as input. Our work is inspired by the fact that artists often use 2D profiles to guide the design process, thus benefited from the high availability of 2D image resources. Due to the lack of 3D geometry information, we perform novel theoretic analysis to ensure the foldability and stability of the resultant design. Based on a novel graph representation of the paper pop-up plan, we further propose a practical optimization algorithm via mixed-integer programming that jointly optimizes the topology and geometry of the 2D plan. We also allow the user to interactively explore the design space by specifying constraints on fold lines. Finally, we evaluate our framework on various images with interesting 2D shapes. Experiments and comparisons exhibit both the efficacy and efficiency of our framework. © 1995-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Integer programming

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Analysis of the intensity distribution in the longitudinal section of a focused laser beam using the Zemax programming language

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JOURNAL OF OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY 2023年第1期90卷 1-5页

作者： Gulina, Yu. S. Pakholchuk, P. P. Russian Acad Sci Lebedev Phys Inst Moscow Russia Bauman Moscow State Tech Univ Moscow Russia

Subject of study. We present a computer simulation of laser radiation propagation using the Zemax program. Aim of study. We develop a macro written in the Zemax programming language designed to obtain the intensity distribution in the longitudinal section of a focused laser beam. Method. The developed macro uses Zemax functions based on integral transformations, making it possible to obtain the results of the modeling of radiation propagation through optical systems. Main results. A macro for analyzing the intensity distribution in the longitudinal section of a laser beam has been developed using the Zemax programming language. The presented macro is used to analyze the propagation of a laser beam affected by different aberrational distortions. The results of the macro operation and their analysis are presented. Practical significance. The proposed macro expands the standard capabilities of Zemax and can be used for analyzing laser radiation propagation. The presented results of the macro demonstrate the possibility of its application in analyzing the effect of various aberrational distortions on the parameters of a laser beam focused in the bulk of a transparent material subjected to laser processing. Therefore, the macro can facilitate the control of the spatial distribution of intensity in a focused laser beam with high accuracy to ensure maximum processing efficiency of the material being modified. (c) 2023 Optica Publishing Group

关键词： computer simulation Laser beam propagation Laser beams Laser materials processing Optical systems Wavefront aberrations

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Effectiveness and perception of augmented reality in the teaching of structured programming fundamentals in university students

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EAI ENDORSED TRANSACTIONS ON SCALABLE INFORMATION SYSTEMS 2023年第5期10卷 1-8页

作者： Oyarvide, Wellington Remigio Villota Salvatierra, Shirley Betty Reyes Saltos, Guillermo Del Campo Univ Catolica Santiago Guayaquil Guayaquil Ecuador Univ Estatal Milagro Milagro Ecuador

INTRODUCTION: Even while studying programming languages is essential for science and technology education, some students, especially novices, may find it challenging. One reason might be that these pupils are unable to comprehend programming basics, notably the usage of selective and repeated structures (loops), which are too complex and abstract for them to ***: programming structured applications requires understanding the relationship between variable-operators and declarations, so a more intuitive and practical visualization technique is needed. In view of this, this article presents an augmented reality (AR) learning system using a DF-RA mobile application that offers visual representation and interactivity to help college students in entry-level computer science-related majors learn to program structured applications using dynamic and interactive ***: In order to examine the influences of said Augmented Reality-enhanced system on student learning, an experiment will be carried out within the group with 34 university students. All students used both an augmented reality enhanced version and a conventional paper version (classic methodology with paper flowcharts).RESULTS: The expected results is that the augmented reality version through the DF-RA mobile application made students have a better learning efficiency than the traditional paper system. In addition, the system enhanced with Augmented Reality also made students have improved perceptions in terms of system usability, flow experience, and usage ***: Experimental findings were analyzed to demonstrate that the augmented reality learning system increases students' motivation to study structured programming fundamentals and their practical competence.

关键词： programming fundamentals augmented reality usability perception augmented reality-based learning flowcharts.

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Pre-Introductory programming for College Students: Driving Engagement, Motivation, and Creativity to Drive Interest in Computing Studies 54

Pre-Introductory Programming for College Students: Driving E...

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54th IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference, FIE 2024

作者： Magitay-Becht, Andras Das, Udayan Saint Mary's College of California MoragaCA United States Saint Mary's College of California MoragaCA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351507

This innovative practice paper presents an approach to make computer science (CS) in general and programming in particular more approachable for college students. Introductory programming classes can be difficult for learners;especially those without any programming background. Beginners must learn a new way of thinking, made more difficult by issues learning syntax. It's especially hard for students who lack a strong mathematics background. Observations across 3 editions of a CS0 pre-intro-programming course show that students consistently overestimate difficulties, and, come away with a stronger motivation for studying programming in the future as well as considering computer science (CS) and data science (DS) majors, minors, and certificates as options for future study after completion. A wider variety of students consider CS-adjacent college programs, and this can have an appreciable impact on the diversity of the student body entering CS/DS programs. We have found that long term success in CS/DS is predicted by strong motivational factors. While many high school students bring a strong motivation for pursuing CS/DS due to socioeconomic factors (exposure through people they know) and availability of coursework in high school;for other students, some may not have considered CS/DS as an option due to perceived difficulty as well as steep math requirements that function as barriers-to-entry. A CS0 pre-programming course like ours explicitly centers itself as 'coding-is-fun' and encourages creativity. Students engage strongly with and are motivated to put in extra outside-of-class work required for mastery of material. We have limited evidence due to the fact that the data we have is from our small liberal arts college, however, 2 key factors make our observations and analysis valuable: 1) being a Hispanic-Serving-Institution (HSI) and an Asian-American and Native-American Pacific-Islander Serving-Institution (AANAPISI) we have a diverse student body, and 2) we are

关键词： Students

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Development and Application of Intraoral science Microcourses Based on Cloud Platform 1

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3rd EAI International Conference on Application of Big Data, Blockchain, and Internet of Things for Education Informatization, BigIoT-EDU 2023

作者： Jiang, Yurui Li, Jing Yunnan Medical Health College Kunming650000 China

ISBN: (数字)9783031631399

ISBN: (纸本)9783031631382

"Internet plus education" is a good opportunity for information technology curriculum reform. Under the background of vigorously promoting programming education at the basic education stage, and in combination with the development status of programming education in the region, we carried out practical research on the school-based elective course of "creative programming" in junior high schools. In order to solve the layered teaching difficulties encountered in programming teaching, based on the Chifeng Smart Education Cloud Platform and guided by the new constructivist theory, the "teacher guided inquiry" teaching mode is selected for layered teaching design, improving students’ autonomous and collaborative learning abilities, and promoting students’ comprehensive development. At the same time, the "Smart Education Cloud Platform" is vigorously promoted to provide new ideas and approaches for information based education and teaching reform. The continuous improvement of cloud computing technology has changed people's work, study and living habits. Micro-curriculum is a new form of education in the current education field. Oral medicine science is a required course in colleges and universities. The use of modern computer technology to realize the development of micro-courses can effectively use modern scientific and technological means and the Internet for teaching, so as to change the teaching method, effectively improve the teaching effect and cultivate students’ self-study ability. © ICST Institute for computer sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 2024.

关键词： Students

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