Given a set of squares and a strip with bounded width and infinite height, we consider a square strip packaging problem, which we call the square independent packing problem (SIPP), to minimize the strip height so tha...
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Given a set of squares and a strip with bounded width and infinite height, we consider a square strip packaging problem, which we call the square independent packing problem (SIPP), to minimize the strip height so that all the squares are packed into independent cells separated by horizontal and vertical partitions. For the SIPP, we first investigate efficient solution representations and propose a compact representation that reduces the search space from Omega(n!) to O(2n), with n the number of given squares, while guaranteeing that there exists a solution representation that corresponds to an optimal solution. Based on the solution representation, we show that the problem is NP-hard. To solve the SIPP, we propose a dynamic programming method that can be extended to a fully polynomial-time approximation scheme (FPTAS). We also propose three mathematical programming formulations based on different solution representations and confirm their performance through computational experiments with a mathematical programming solver. Finally, we discuss several extensions that are relevant to practical applications.
Developers integrate web Application programming Interfaces(APIs)into edge applications,enabling data expansion to the edge computing area for comprehensive coverage of devices in that *** develop edge applications,de...
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Developers integrate web Application programming Interfaces(APIs)into edge applications,enabling data expansion to the edge computing area for comprehensive coverage of devices in that *** develop edge applications,developers search API categories to select APIs that meet specific ***,the accurate classification of APIs becomes critically ***,existing approaches,as evident on platforms like ***,face significant ***,sparsity in API data reduces classification accuracy in works focusing on single-dimensional API ***,the multidimensional and heterogeneous structure of web APIs adds complexity to data mining tasks,requiring sophisticated techniques for effective integration and analysis of diverse data ***,the long-tailed distribution of API data introduces biases,compromising the fairness of classification *** these challenges,we propose MDGCN-Lt,an API classification approach offering flexibility in using multi-dimensional heterogeneous *** tackles data sparsity through deep graph convolutional networks,exploring high-order feature interactions among API ***-Lt employs a loss function with logit adjustment,enhancing efficiency in handling long-tail data *** results affirm our approach's superiority over existing methods.
The majority of Nigerian high schoolers have little to no exposure to the basics of algorithms and programming. We believe this trajectory should change as programming offers these students, especially those from indi...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798400704239
The majority of Nigerian high schoolers have little to no exposure to the basics of algorithms and programming. We believe this trajectory should change as programming offers these students, especially those from indigent backgrounds, an opportunity to learn profitable skills and ignite their passions for problem-solving and critical thinking. NaijaCoder is an organization that is dedicated to organizing a free, intensive summer program in Nigeria to teach the basics of algorithms and computerprogramming to high schoolers. However, the adoption of computerscience curriculum has been especially challenging in countries in the global south that face unique challenges-such as unstable power supply, internet service, and price volatility. We design a curriculum that is more conducive to the local environment while incorporating rigorous thinking and preparation. Using basic survey designs, we elicit feedback, from the students, designed to further improve and iterate on our curriculum.
Integrated computing uses computing tools and concepts to support learning in other disciplines while giving all students opportunities to experience computerscience. Integrated computing is often motivated as a way ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798400705311
Integrated computing uses computing tools and concepts to support learning in other disciplines while giving all students opportunities to experience computerscience. Integrated computing is often motivated as a way to introduce computing to students in a low-stakes environment, reducing barriers to learning computerscience, often especially for underrepresented groups. This study explored integrated computing activities implemented in US schools to examine which programming and CT concepts they teach and whether those concepts differed across contexts. We gathered data on 262 integrated computing activities from in-service K-12 teachers and 20 contextual factors related to the classroom, the teacher, and the school. Our analysis revealed that programming and CT concepts were inversely related to five contextual factors, such that factors predicting more CT concepts also predicted fewer programming concepts. These factors reflected school resources, such that wealthier schools used activities with more CT concepts and fewer programming concepts. In addition, factors related to underrepresented groups often related to fewer concepts being taught in activities. School racial composition was the only factor of the 20 that had a relationship with both types of concepts in the same direction-students from underrepresented groups used activities with fewer CT and programming concepts. Our findings suggest that, although integrated computing can potentially introduce computing to a broader audience, we must evaluate what these activities are teaching and to whom. Another primary contribution of this work is an open-access dataset about integrated computing activities, the concepts that they teach, and the contextual factors around their use.
Serverless Computing is a Cloud architecture, an alternative to the traditional model. It offers numerous advantages over the monolithic model, such as providing agility, innovation, automatic scaling, flexibility in ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031622441;9783031622458
Serverless Computing is a Cloud architecture, an alternative to the traditional model. It offers numerous advantages over the monolithic model, such as providing agility, innovation, automatic scaling, flexibility in development and better evaluation and control of costs. It emerged as an evolution of microservices running in containers and implementing functions, which is why it is sometimes called function as a service. Although it has the aforementioned advantages, there are also many challenges and problems to solve. Among them the initialization or startup of said functions, this problem known as cold start. Most scientific publications do not take programming languages into account for this analysis. In this work, the behavior of different programming languages in initialization, cold start, memory use and scalability is evaluated, under a serverless approach on the Amazon Web Services platform. Because the comparison of languages can be carried out in different aspects or taking different types of metrics, it was considered appropriate to perform the tests using CRUD operations. This also allows us to analyze their behavior when initializing the database. Therefore, a series of questions arise, such as: Are the initialization of the programming languages all the same? Is the initialization of the database with the programming languages independent of the language used? Is the cold start equivalent in the different languages? Is its impact relevant when the number of requirements is high? Does memory usage and scalability behave the same, regardless of the programming language? Through the tests carried out, it was possible to evaluate the behavior of the programming languages and answer some of the questions mentioned above.
In the field of education, the integration of Artificial Intelligence technologies, particularly chatbots, has transformed education by offering personalized guidance and support to learners. This paper introduces a w...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031630309;9783031630316
In the field of education, the integration of Artificial Intelligence technologies, particularly chatbots, has transformed education by offering personalized guidance and support to learners. This paper introduces a well-designed rule-based chatbot system tailored for computerprogramming education, specifically Java. The architecture comprises essential components such as the User Input Handler, Rule Engine, Response Generator, and Knowledge Base, each carefully crafted to fulfill distinct functions. The chatbot is programmed with a wide range of rule categories, covering basic greetings and farewells to detailed explanations of syntax errors, logical guidance, variable declarations, loop structures, common pitfalls, and valuable resource recommendations. The study evaluated the chatbot's efficacy in personalized guidance for computerprogramming education, engaging 50 undergraduate students. Feedback was collected through a structured questionnaire covering user satisfaction, query accuracy, response time, and personalized guidance. Results indicate high user satisfaction and proficiency in addressing programming queries promptly. Strengths include personalized guidance alignedwith individual learning needs, while limitations in conversational depth and adaptability, alongside challenges like technical issues and user engagement, were noted. Suggestions for refinement are provided to enhance effectiveness and applicability in educational contexts.
We focus on the integration of Formal Methods as mandatory theme in any computerscience University curriculum. In particular, when considering the ACM Curriculum for computerscience, the inclusion of Formal Methods ...
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We focus on the integration of Formal Methods as mandatory theme in any computerscience University curriculum. In particular, when considering the ACM Curriculum for computerscience, the inclusion of Formal Methods as a mandatory Knowledge Area needs arguing for why and how does every computerscience graduate benefit from such knowledge. We do not agree with the sentence "While there is a belief that formal methods are important and they are growing in importance, we cannot state that every computerscience graduate will need to use formal methods in their career." We argue that formal methods are and have to be an integral part of every computerscience curriculum. Just as not all graduates will need to know how to work with databases either, it is still important for students to have a basic understanding of how data is stored and managed efficiently. The same way, students have to understand why and how formal methods work, what their formal background is, and how they are justified. No engineer should be ignorant of the foundations of their subject and the formal methods based on these. In this article, we aim at highlighting why every computer scientist needs to be familiar with formal methods. We argue that education in formal methods plays a key role by shaping students' programming mindset, fostering an appreciation for underlying principles, and encouraging the practice of thoughtful program
This paper presents a methodology for programming Interactive Algorithms. Interactive Algorithms incorporate didactic elements within the structure of the programming code in order to expand the information and make t...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031530210;9783031530227
This paper presents a methodology for programming Interactive Algorithms. Interactive Algorithms incorporate didactic elements within the structure of the programming code in order to expand the information and make the process of solving a mathematical problem more understandable. Initially, an introduction to the concept of algorithm as a trend in the history of mathematics is presented. Likewise, a review of computer and programming languages is made, as well as of the difficulties in learning algorithms. Subsequently, a programming methodology for the so-called Interactive Algorithms is presented, and the use of a software tool for solving a very common problem in engineering courses is demonstrated, which involves the modeling, simulation, and control of physical systems. Finally, the results of applying the methodology are presented, which show an advantage in learning to solve mathematical problems.
Virtual reality (VR) technology has revolutionized science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics (STEAM) education by simulating real-world environments, offering innovative learning methods. This study focu...
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Virtual reality (VR) technology has revolutionized science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics (STEAM) education by simulating real-world environments, offering innovative learning methods. This study focuses on designing an educational system within VR for Arduino UNO microcontroller development. Students engage in graphical programming and hardware integration of the Arduino UNO within VR environments, implementing intelligent control of farms and traffic. This approach helps students grasp practical applications of the Arduino UNO in real production contexts, further cultivating their programming skills and fostering innovative thinking. We conducted Arduino courses tailored for programming beginners, assessing the usability of EduCodeVR and its impact on students through learning outcome tests and VR system usability assessments. The results demonstrate that EduCodeVR, which uses STEAM education methodologies, effectively enhances users' comprehensive literacy and computational thinking, highlighting the significant potential of integrating VR programming courses into STEAM education. Through this innovative teaching approach, students not only acquire knowledge, but also enjoy the pleasures of immersive learning.
In the current era of information technology,students need to learn modern programming languages effi*** art of teaching/learning program-ming requires many logical and conceptual *** it’s a challenging task for the i...
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In the current era of information technology,students need to learn modern programming languages effi*** art of teaching/learning program-ming requires many logical and conceptual *** it’s a challenging task for the instructors/learners to teach/learn these programming languages effectively and effi*** mapping is a useful visual tool for establishing ideas and connecting them to solve *** research proposed an effective way to teach programming languages through visual *** experimental study uses a mind mapping tool to teach two programming environments:Text-based programming and Blocks-based *** performed the experiments with one hundred and sixty undergraduate students of two public sector universities in the Asia Pacific *** different instructional approaches,including block-based language(BBL),text-based languages(TBL),mind map with text-based language(MMTBL)and mind mapping with block-based(MMBBL)are used for this *** results show that instructional approaches using a mind mapping tool to help students solve given tasks in their critical thinking are more effective than other instructional techniques.
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