Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation using coprime array is discussed, and a fast method using a sensor-saving coprime array with enlarged inter-element spacing is proposed. Original coprime array combines the result...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781538647523
Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation using coprime array is discussed, and a fast method using a sensor-saving coprime array with enlarged inter-element spacing is proposed. Original coprime array combines the results obtained from two coprime subarrays to uniquely determine the DOA estimation, and it is shown in this paper that one subarray actually only requires half of its original sensor number and can achieve enlarged inter-element spacing based on the array compensation from the cross correlation matrix. Thereafter, a fast DOA estimation method, which extracts the noise subspace without eigenvalue decomposition, is proposed to obtain coprime DOA estimations based on one dimensional root finding technique. Final unique DOA is estimated from the coincide results of the coprime estimations. Simulation results verify that the proposed method can achieve almost the same estimation performance as conventional methods while requiring less sensors.
This paper is concerned with arraysignalprocessing in non-Gaussian noise and in the presence of multipath. Robust and fully nonparametric high resolution algorithms for Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation are pres...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780363396
This paper is concerned with arraysignalprocessing in non-Gaussian noise and in the presence of multipath. Robust and fully nonparametric high resolution algorithms for Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation are presented. The algorithms are based on multivariate spatial sign and rank concepts. Spatial smoothing of the multivariate rank and sign based covariance matrices is employed as a preprocessing step in order to deal with coherent sources. The performance of the algorithms is studied using simulations. The results show that almost optimal performance is obtained in wide variety of different noise conditions.
On small platforms, angle-of-arrival (AOA) estimation of an E-M signal can be accomplished with colocated antennas measuring multiple components of the propagating wave. An electrically small Vector sensor (VS) Antenn...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1424403081
On small platforms, angle-of-arrival (AOA) estimation of an E-M signal can be accomplished with colocated antennas measuring multiple components of the propagating wave. An electrically small Vector sensor (VS) Antenna constructed above and below the wing of a small UAV measures three components of the propagating wave. Determining the AOA involves fitting known "calibration" AOAs and corresponding antenna response to a modeled response. The least-squares calibration approach described here determines the azimuth and elevation AOAs for sources located at typical elevation angles to within a few degrees, agreeing with the Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB). These results justify the use of small VS antennas to do direction finding (DF) in high SNR environments.
We consider the problem of selecting anchors for sensor network localization to optimize a metric of the error covariance of the position estimates. We show that an interesting metric is a modular set function, which ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479914814
We consider the problem of selecting anchors for sensor network localization to optimize a metric of the error covariance of the position estimates. We show that an interesting metric is a modular set function, which allows a globally optimal selection to be obtained using a simple greedy algorithm. We also consider a separate but related problem of choosing a subset of distance measurements between pairs of sensors to optimize a metric of the error covariance. We utilize again modularity properties of an associated set function to construct networks with desirable algebraic rigidity properties. The results are illustrated via numerical examples, which scale to problems beyond the capabilities of current state-of-the-art convex relaxation techniques.
In this paper, we explore the use of large-scale sparse arrays for pilot placement in pilot-based sensing within integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems. Unlike conventional regular pilot placement method,...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350344820;9798350344813
In this paper, we explore the use of large-scale sparse arrays for pilot placement in pilot-based sensing within integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems. Unlike conventional regular pilot placement method, sparse placement offers a significant reduction in overhead while maintaining high sensing performance. We present a novel large-scale sparse array construction method by introducing a multi-tier array structure. Using the proposed method, the design of large-scale sparse arrays can be simplified into several smaller-sized array design problems, significantly reducing computational complexity and storage requirements. Numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method for low-overhead sensing pilot placement design, which is applicable in future 6G applications.
We introduce Spatial processing: Optimized and Constrained (SPOC) as a new front-end display processing method that operates on arraysensor data as an alternative to conventional or adaptive beamforming. The output o...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780375513
We introduce Spatial processing: Optimized and Constrained (SPOC) as a new front-end display processing method that operates on arraysensor data as an alternative to conventional or adaptive beamforming. The output of our approach is computed on a single-snapshot basis so that no stationarity assumptions are required. We use a maximum a posteriori approach to develop a constrained optimization solution. A parametric representation provides the framework for the presented solution. Some degrees of freedom are fixed by the constraint, and the rest remain free to optimize the cost function. We develop an iterative solution in terms of the free parameters. This method provides significantly improved resolution over conventional beamforming. Two simulated cases demonstrate algorithm performance.
Ultrasonic inspection methods are commonly used in the nondestructive evaluation of welds to detect flaws in the weld region. An important characteristic of ultrasonic inspection is the ability to identify the type of...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780375513
Ultrasonic inspection methods are commonly used in the nondestructive evaluation of welds to detect flaws in the weld region. An important characteristic of ultrasonic inspection is the ability to identify the type of discontinuity that gives rise to a particular signal. Standard techniques rely on differences in individual A-scans to classify the signals. This paper proposes an ultrasonic signal classification technique based on the information in a group of signals. The approach is based on a 2-dimensional transform and principal component analysis, for generating a reduced dimensional feature vector for classification. Results of applying the technique to data obtained from the inspection of welds are presented.
Spatial filtering is the fundamental characteristic of microphone array based signal acquisition, which plays an important role in applications such as speech enhancement and distant speech recognition. In the array p...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467310710
Spatial filtering is the fundamental characteristic of microphone array based signal acquisition, which plays an important role in applications such as speech enhancement and distant speech recognition. In the arrayprocessing literature, this property is formulated upon beam-pattern steering and it is characterized for narrowband signals. This paper proposes to characterize the microphone array broadband beam-pattern based on the average output of a steered beamformer for a broadband spectrum. Relying on this characterization, we derive the directivity beam-pattern of delay-and-sum and superdirective beamformers for a linear as well as a circular microphone array. We further investigate how the broadband beam-pattern is linked to speech recognition feature extraction;hence, it can be used to evaluate distant speech recognition performance. The proposed theory is demonstrated with experiments on real data recordings.
In this paper, the element-pulse coding (EPC) based multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar is studied for resolving range ambiguity in clutter-free scenario. The fundamental transmit and receive procedures as wel...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781728119465
In this paper, the element-pulse coding (EPC) based multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar is studied for resolving range ambiguity in clutter-free scenario. The fundamental transmit and receive procedures as well as the relationship between encoding and decoding are presented. To address the range ambiguity issue, the EPC entries in element dimension are extended to be an arbitrary permutation of the Fourier basis entries. The beampattern is designed to extract the desired target signal while suppressing targets from nuisance range regions. Both conventional and enhanced array beamforming methods are discussed. Simulation examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A measure of the ability of a sensorarray to resolve two closely spaced point sources in angle is proposed here based on the framework of information geometry. The consideration of the geometric structure of a measur...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479914814
A measure of the ability of a sensorarray to resolve two closely spaced point sources in angle is proposed here based on the framework of information geometry. The consideration of the geometric structure of a measurement model leads to the concept of information resolution which serves as a new metric to measure intrinsic similarities and differences between signal distributions that generate the manifold geometry. The statistical divergence between two sources is characterized in terms of the geodesic distance induced by the Fisher information metric. An analytical expression of the angular information resolution limit (AIRL) is derived using the constraints on the probability of error for a binary hypothesis test associated with the resolution of two sources. The influence of the detection error as well as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) on resolvability are demonstrated. The proposed AIRL can be used as a performance measure for sensorarrays in localizing remote sources and is applicable to various applications (e.g. radar, sonar, or astronomy).
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