Decision fusion benefits in a three-sensor suite environment, wherein the sensor suite had only a single observation opportunity was assessed in a recent study. This study is extended here to the more general case whe...
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Decision fusion benefits in a three-sensor suite environment, wherein the sensor suite had only a single observation opportunity was assessed in a recent study. This study is extended here to the more general case wherein the sensors have multiple observation opportunities permitting in essence temporal fusion. In the earlier study, two different fusion system architectures were conceived. These architectures are a) single stage - wherein the outputs from all the three sensors are fused simultaneously, and b) dual-stage - wherein fusion occurs in two stages, first between two sensors, and next between this fused output and the third sensor. This study addresses the problem of temporal fusion, i.e., fusion across multiple observations, under the single-stage fusion system architecture, examining all the four fusion strategies identified in the previous study. The special case of matched sensors with identical performance characteristics is used to parametrically compare and contrast the asymptotic performances under the different strategies.
In this paper, we present a software package designed to explore data fusion area applied to different contexts. This tool, called CEPfuse (Conceptual Exploration Package for Data fusion) provides a good support to be...
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In this paper, we present a software package designed to explore data fusion area applied to different contexts. This tool, called CEPfuse (Conceptual Exploration Package for Data fusion) provides a good support to become familiar with all concepts and vocabulary linked to data fusion. Developed with Matlab 5.2, it's also a good tool to test, compare and analyze algorithms. Although the core of this package is evidential reasoning and identity information fusion, it has been conceived to develop all the interesting part of the Multi-sensor Data fusion (MSDF) system. Actually, because we concentrate our research work on identity information fusion, the principal included algorithms are Dempster-Shafer rules of combination. Shafer-Logan algorithms for hierarchical structures, and several decision rules.
The main topic of this study concerns edge detection using information fusion approaches. Edge detection methods are based on first and second order local operations followed by a thresholding and edge tracking techni...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819436771
The main topic of this study concerns edge detection using information fusion approaches. Edge detection methods are based on first and second order local operations followed by a thresholding and edge tracking techniques. In this study, an intermediate fuzzy-evidential conceptual level is introduced between the gray level and edge detection symbolic information level. From the image, evidences concerning edges and regions are extracted using fuzzy membership functions as well as contextual information. The proposed approach can be decomposed into two steps: 1) application of evidential reasoning approach in order to compute a basic masse function, 2) edge detection process based on the use of an iterative algorithm, exploiting the contextual information and a belief masse function. Masse function computation is based of the use of edge and region fuzzy membership functions of each pixel in the analyzed scene. The main interest of this step is to consider membership functions as being observed evidences instead of image gray level values. The key idea of the second step is to use all the information about regions, edges and contextual data in the edge extraction process. Obtained results are encouraging and the proposed methodology is shown to be robust to different noisy environments.
This paper introduces techniques to deal with temporal aspects of fusion systems with redundant information. One of the challenges of a fusion system is that individual information is not necessarily announced at the ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819436771
This paper introduces techniques to deal with temporal aspects of fusion systems with redundant information. One of the challenges of a fusion system is that individual information is not necessarily announced at the same time. While some decisions (or features or data) are produced at a high sampling frequency, other decisions are generated at a much lower rate, perhaps only once during the operation of the system or only during certain operating conditions. This means that some information will be outdated when the actual information fusion task is performed. An event may have occurred in the meantime leading to a decision discord. We tackle this challenge by introducing the concept of "information or decision forgetting". In other words, in case of an information discord, more recent information is evaluated with higher confidence than older information. Another difficulty is distinguishing between outliers and actual system state changes. If tools perform their task at a high sampling frequency we can employ "decision smoothing". That is, we factor out the occasional outlier and generally reduce the noise of the system. To that end, we introduce an adaptive smoothing algorithm that evaluates the system state and changes the smoothing parameter if it encounters suspicious situations, i.e., situations that might indicate a changed system state. We show the concepts introduced in the diagnostic realm where we aggregate the output of several different diagnostic tools.
We present a system for extraction of information bands from imagery that combines properties of subband/wavelet decomposition and factor analysis to achieve uniform presentations of ground truth from a variety of sen...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819436771
We present a system for extraction of information bands from imagery that combines properties of subband/wavelet decomposition and factor analysis to achieve uniform presentations of ground truth from a variety of sensor inputs. Some unique information-regularizing features of the system are invariance to scaling, sorting, and skewing of the input data, as well as robustness to blurring or sharpening, nonlinear intensity remapping, and to the differences between literal and nonliteral input imagery. These features enhance both visual interpretability of an RGB color image and machine exploitability of regularized information bands. Three specific problems in multi-modality data fusion addressed by our information extraction technology are: How to display three bands of color information on an RGB output device given an arbitrarily large number of bands of source data. How to display literal and specular imagery, e.g., infrared and synthetic aperture radar (SAR), together in a single fused image without prior knowledge of which source image bands come from what sensors. How to present regularized inputs to an automated imagery exploitation algorithm without prior knowledge of the available sensors. Our method for solving these three problems stems from an information theoretic treatment of the image fusion problem: treating the derived final exploitation product with constrained band depth (e.g., three bands for color imagery or perhaps ten to twelve bands for automated exploitation) as a communication channel, and coding information from the multi-modal image stack onto the channel, subject to statistical constraints corresponding to an a priori image model. New methods and results introduced in this work are: A novel directional wavelet methodology producing six complex-valued subbands per level of decomposition. Application of factor analysis to multi-band inter-sensor analysis of covariance. An extension of traditional factor analysis to augment the vector of spe
Our research group is using chess as a vehicle for studying the fusion of adaptation, multiple representation, and search technologies for real-time decision making. Chess systems like Deep Blue have achieved Grandmas...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819436771
Our research group is using chess as a vehicle for studying the fusion of adaptation, multiple representation, and search technologies for real-time decision making. Chess systems like Deep Blue have achieved Grandmaster chess play with a brute-force search of the game tree and human-supplied information, like piece-values and opening books. However, subtle aspects of chess, including positional features and advanced concepts, are not capable of being represented or processed efficiently with the standard method. Since 1989, Morph I-iiI have exhibited more autonomy and learning ability than traditional chess programs in "adaptive pattern-oriented chess". (2) Like its predecessors, Morph TV is a reinforcement learner, but it also uses a new technique we call pattern-level TD and Q-learning to mathematically map the state space and effectively learn to classify situations. Its three knowledge sources include two traditional ones: material and a piece-square table, and a new method called Distance. These are combined using a simple genetic algorithm and a decision tree. This paper shows the effectiveness of fusing knowledge to replace search in real-time situations, since an agent which combines all sources is capable of consistently beating an agent which employs any of the individual knowledge sources. Surprisingly, the pattern-level TD agent is slightly superior to the pattern-level Q-learning agent, despite the fact that the Q-learning agent updates more Q-values on each temporal step.
The main issue considered is how to configure a sensor control system for fighter-based ESA-oriented multifunction and multisensor capability. The main structure should be simple, robust and stable, but it is also imp...
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The main issue considered is how to configure a sensor control system for fighter-based ESA-oriented multifunction and multisensor capability. The main structure should be simple, robust and stable, but it is also important to consider the relationship between fine sensor parameters and the large scaled sensor allocation mechanism. An important ontology to tracking and sensor management is given in [1]. Control of complex sensor control mechanisms, especially when an electronically steered array antenna (ESA) is present, requires however applicable software architectures. Two proposals will be given for that, agent modelling and multilevel sensor management architecture. Agent modelling may help to keep the principles of system clean, simple and robust, while the multi-level system architecture will help to organize the relationship between distributed processes in the system. For example, several sensor-oriented tracking processes may be used for the same target, but also other process types may be distributed, such as situation awareness and sensor management. Multilevel architectures will also facilitate a subdivision of the manufacturing process between different subcontractors.
Specular reflections from environments cause uncertainties to ultrasonic sensor range data. In this paper, we examine the application of evidential method for data integration using the specially designed sensor model...
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Specular reflections from environments cause uncertainties to ultrasonic sensor range data. In this paper, we examine the application of evidential method for data integration using the specially designed sensor model to overcome the problem. Dempster's rule of combination is used to fuse the sensor data to obtain the map defined on a 2D evidence grid. The sensor model tries to reduce the uncertainties caused by specular reflections with a filtering factor. Experimental results have shown the usefulness of this method.
Bayesian and Dempster-Shafer Theory based methods are among the alternative algorithmic approaches to multisensor data fusion. The two approaches differ significantly and the extent of their applicability to data fusi...
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Bayesian and Dempster-Shafer Theory based methods are among the alternative algorithmic approaches to multisensor data fusion. The two approaches differ significantly and the extent of their applicability to data fusion is still being debated. This paper presents a Monte Carlo simulation approach for a comparative analysis of a Dempster-Shafer Theory based and a Bayesian multisensor data fusion in the classification task domain, including the implementation of both formalisms, and the results of the Monte Carlo experiments of this analysis.
The present paper explores the dynamic level of information sensory fusion which is to be appropriate for hardware implementations. We associate to multitracking sensors their abstractions, being discrete time multihe...
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The present paper explores the dynamic level of information sensory fusion which is to be appropriate for hardware implementations. We associate to multitracking sensors their abstractions, being discrete time multihead state circuits. We presume sensors are to be independent from each other and there are no direct interfaces between them. The fusion is achieved by sensor-to-sensor track association which is controlled by the global state transition system. We investigate synchronous and asynchronous fusion models over common and distributed resource spaces and we compare the recognition capacities of these and some other models, like Turing Machines, stack automata etc. Then the fusioned circuits are applied to analyze arithmetical predicates, social games and an unsolved `Syracuse Conjecture'.
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