Flexible, easy-to-integrate sensors printed on thin materials are currently causing revolutions in a variety of applications. Using cellulosic substrates for these sensors results in promising future sensor technology...
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Flexible, easy-to-integrate sensors printed on thin materials are currently causing revolutions in a variety of applications. Using cellulosic substrates for these sensors results in promising future sensor technology that can also be made sustainable. For minimally invasive integration, sensors should ideally be made of the same ma-terial as the end product. Since resins can permeate through it, porous paper is the perfect substrate not only for products made of natural fibre composites, but also for those made of carbon and glass fibres. The paper industry produces numerous types of highly porous or ultra-thin paper, for instance, for tea bags, overlays, sausage casings and capacitors. These papers do not contain any additives and are chemically inert. This work shows that it is possible to print sensors on commercial highly porous papers or nonwovens. These printed sensors can be integrated into composites, allowing unbiased in-situ analysis of the cross-linking of the surrounding matrix. They offer a cost-effective and economical route for realizing a wide range of applications.
The article aims to analyse the possibilities of GPR, LiDAR, and photogrammetric sensorsintegration in a specific application, considering the various combination of sensor and their parameters. This text also discus...
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The article aims to analyse the possibilities of GPR, LiDAR, and photogrammetric sensorsintegration in a specific application, considering the various combination of sensor and their parameters. This text also discusses the possibility of using LiDAR sensors in a low-sized mobile platform for the inventory of the road lane in a dense urban area. The text presents the opportunities and recommendations of GPR and LiDAR sensors for their selection and the possibility of using them. In the case of LiDAR and photogrammetric data, two planned applications were indicated: platform georeferencing and mapping. The accuracy and noise of the Livox Avia LiDAR sensor and point cloud obtained from the Sony A7R camera with image-matching were analysed for a surface inventory. Despite the sufficient density and detail of the data, the intensity distinguishing different surfaces, the noise of LiDAR data at the level of 2 cm was too high to do the inventory of minor damages and analyse road surfaces. Higher accuracy was achieved at the level of 1 cm for photogrammetric point clouds. The article also presents the concept of integrating multi-source data visualised into the form of an oriented point cloud showing both what is above and below the earth's surface, which enables the synergy effect and joint analysis of data with entirely different characteristics.
The widespread popularity of smartphone and the increasing in quality of its sensors make it possible to provide the location-based service for anyone at anytime, anywhere. However, it is hard to utilize their actual ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0936406267
The widespread popularity of smartphone and the increasing in quality of its sensors make it possible to provide the location-based service for anyone at anytime, anywhere. However, it is hard to utilize their actual positioning and navigation performance capabilities due to the disparate sensors, software technologies adopted among manufacturers, and the high influence of environmental conditions. In this research, we proposed a framework to seamlessly navigate people from land vehicle in urban area to pedestrian in indoor environment. The scheme for land vehicle navigation is the integration of measurements from inertial measurement unit (IMU), GNSS chipset, and camera through the extended Kalman filter (EKF). In which, visual measurement from camera is pre-processed by ORB-SLAM, re-scaled by the assistance of GNSS measurement, and transformed to velocity before utilized to update the integration filter. For indoor environment, a pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR)/ORB-SLAM integrated system is used to navigate pedestrian. In order to verify the performance of proposed framework, the field tests were conducted in the downtown area of Tainan city, Taiwan with land vehicle and indoor environment with pedestrian. Experimental results indicate that the framework performs well in both phases. It demonstrated that the proposed framework makes smartphone capable of seamlessly navigate people in both outdoor and indoor environments.
Silicon-based Hall application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) chips have become very successful, making them ideal for flexible electronic and sensor devices. In this study, we designed, simulated, and tested flex...
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Silicon-based Hall application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) chips have become very successful, making them ideal for flexible electronic and sensor devices. In this study, we designed, simulated, and tested flexible hybrid integration angle sensors that can be made using complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. These sensors are manufactured on a 100 mu m-thick flexible polyimide (PI) membrane, which is suitable for large-scale production and has strong potential for industrial use. The Hall sensors have a sensitivity of 0.205 V/mT. Importantly, their sensitivity remains stable even after being bent to a minimum radius of 10 mm and after undergoing 100 bending cycles. The experiment shows that these flexible hybrid integration devices are promising as angle sensors.
The role of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL) in enhancing and automating gas sensing methods and the implications of these technologies for emergent gas sensor systems is rev...
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The role of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL) in enhancing and automating gas sensing methods and the implications of these technologies for emergent gas sensor systems is reviewed. Applications of AI-based intelligent gas sensors include environmental monitoring, industrial safety, remote sensing, and medical diagnostics. AI, ML, and DL methods can process and interpret complex sensor data, allowing for improved accuracy, sensitivity, and selectivity, enabling rapid gas detection and quantitative concentration measurements based on sophisticated multiband, multispecies sensor systems. These methods can discern subtle patterns in sensor signals, allowing sensors to readily distinguish between gases with similar sensor signatures, enabling adaptable, cross-sensitive sensor systems for multigas detection under various environmental conditions. Integrating AI in gas sensor technology represents a paradigm shift, enabling sensors to achieve unprecedented performance, selectivity, and adaptability. This review describes gas sensor technologies and AI while highlighting approaches to AI-sensorintegration.
One of the most important modern technologies is IoT networks. IoT network is a distributed sensor network composed of multiple sensors with transmission, computing and communication capabilities. It collects the surr...
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One of the most important modern technologies is IoT networks. IoT network is a distributed sensor network composed of multiple sensors with transmission, computing and communication capabilities. It collects the surrounding environment information through the sensors on the node, and collects data in the integrated node to achieve complete and efficient processing and analysis. With the development of intranet technology and sensors, data integration on intranet plays an important role. At the same time, privacy protection and data integration in IoT networks is a contradiction that needs to be reconciled. Data integration is one of the core businesses of the Intranet. The relationship between sensor data privacy and system integration is studied, and a framework for data integration error identification is proposed. However, it is not necessary to know the actual content of sensor data to ensure the privacy of sensor data. The experimental results show that this method achieves effective data integration while protecting the privacy of actual raw data and sensor data integration.
Vehicular sensors and biosensors have become integral to modern automotive technology, driving advancements in vehicle safety, performance optimization, and driver well-being. These technologies play a central role in...
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Vehicular sensors and biosensors have become integral to modern automotive technology, driving advancements in vehicle safety, performance optimization, and driver well-being. These technologies play a central role in the evolution of advanced driver assistance systems, autonomous vehicles, and vehicle health monitoring systems. This paper explores the development, applications, and challenges of vehicular sensors and biosensors, emphasizing their impact on transportation. It examines the historical context and evolution of these technologies, their role in monitoring environmental and internal vehicle parameters, and their contribution to assessing the driver's physiological state. The study focuses on sensor fusion, integrating data from multiple sensors for more accurate and comprehensive insights. It also addresses challenges related to accuracy, reliability, privacy, and environmental adaptability, proposing solutions such as advancements in sensor technology, improved data integration techniques, and robust privacy measures. Future research will focus on enhancing sensor performance and integration, incorporating machine learning and AI to refine data analysis and decision-making. This paper aims to provide a detailed analysis of the current and future landscape of vehicular sensors and biosensors, highlighting their essential role in advancing automotive technology and improving the driving experience.
The continuous advances in micro- and nanofabrication technologies have inevitably led to major improvements in field-effect transistor (FET) design and architecture, significantly reducing the component footprint and...
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The continuous advances in micro- and nanofabrication technologies have inevitably led to major improvements in field-effect transistor (FET) design and architecture, significantly reducing the component footprint and enabling highly efficient integration into many electronic devices. Combined efforts in the areas of materials science, life sciences, and electronic engineering have unlocked opportunities to create ultrasensitive FET chemo- and biosensor devices that are coupled with more diverse and complex integration requirements in terms of hardware interfacing, reproducible functionality, and handling of analyte samples. integration of FET chemo- and biosensors remains one of the major bottlenecks in bridging the gap between fundamental research concepts and commercial sensing devices. In this review, we critically discuss different strategies and formats of integration in the context of key requirements, fabrication scalability, and device complexity. The intentions of this review are 1) to provide a practical overview of successful FET sensorintegration approaches, 2) to identify crucial challenges and factors limiting the extent of FET sensorintegration, and 3) to highlight promising perspectives for future developments of FET sensorintegration. We believe that our structured insights will be helpful for scientists and engineers of various profiles focusing on the design and development of FET-based chemo- and biosensor devices.
This paper describes and evaluates the embedding of sensors and electronic sensor nodes into fiber metal laminate (FML) plates to achieve material-integrated, guided ultrasonic wave based structural health monitoring ...
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This paper describes and evaluates the embedding of sensors and electronic sensor nodes into fiber metal laminate (FML) plates to achieve material-integrated, guided ultrasonic wave based structural health monitoring for hybrid materials. It evaluates how embedded electronics can enhance the process of sensor data acquisition and at the same time critically investigates the drawbacks that accompany the embedding approach regarding the influence on the received signal. A FML specimen with single sensors in one half of the plate and sensors with attached electronic sensor nodes for wireless readout in the other half is manufactured, introducing the detailed embedding process for such systems. Ultrasonic through-thickness scans of the manufactured plate are presented and analyzed to assess the achieved embedding quality. Together with electric sensor signals from both, wireless and wirebound micro-electromechanical system vibrometers and data from a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer (SLDV) the influence of material-integrated components on the wave propagation around the locations of integration is discussed. Further, the signals of wirebound sensors are successfully correlated with measurements performed using the SLDV and directly compared to data provided by wirelessly readout sensor nodes having the same type of sensor attached. This work shows how reflections occurring due to a material integration of components influence the recorded sensor data. At the same time, it is discussed how, for baseline-based damage detection methods, the influence of this is assumed to be a minor problem, and proof for advantages provided by the integration of complete sensor systems directly into the host material is provided.
Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) bolted joint structures are susceptible to multiple failure modes during service, including net-tension, shear-out, and bearing failures, which present risks to structural integr...
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Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) bolted joint structures are susceptible to multiple failure modes during service, including net-tension, shear-out, and bearing failures, which present risks to structural integrity and operational performance. While piezoresistive sensing technology has the potential for monitoring CFRP structures, existing approaches still need to be improved in their ability to detect these diverse failure modes simultaneously. This study introduces an embedded piezoresistive sensor network based on carbon nanotube/graphene nanoplatelet (CNT/GNP) nanocomposites for the in situ monitoring of multiple failure modes within CFRP bolted joints. The proposed sensor network integrates CNT and GNP fillers into a polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) matrix, utilizing sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) as a dispersant. The experimental results for the embedded integration method indicated that the proposed nanocomposite piezoresistive sensor network effectively detected the initiation and propagation of bearing, net-tension, and shear-out failures within CFRP bolted joints. In addition, the embedded integration demonstrated reliability and a significant increase in monitoring sensitivity compared to surface integration methods. This research advances the methodology for real-time structural health monitoring (SHM) of composite materials by proposing a methodology with potential applications improving the safety and maintenance strategies of high-performance engineering systems.
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