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IEEE sensors JOURNAL 2025年第9期25卷 14883-14892页

作者： Chi, Cheng Song, Han Cai, Qihui Kang, Yufei Yao, Enlong Wuhan Univ Technol Hubei Digital Mfg Key Lab Wuhan 430070 Hubei Peoples R China Wuhan Univ Technol Sch Mech & Elect Engn Wuhan 430070 Hubei Peoples R China

A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) vibration sensor with structural thermal strain self-compensation was proposed in this article. It used cartwheel flexible hinges as an elastomer. Based on the theoretical model of the sensor established by derivation, the genetic algorithm was used to achieve the globally optimized structure sizes under multiple constraints, while the modal simulation analysis was carried out to verify the results. The shrink fitting method was used to complete the assembly and integration between parts made of dissimilar materials. The experimental results show that the natural frequency of the vibration sensor is 324 Hz, and it has a good working condition in the frequency range of 5160 Hz. The vibration sensitivity of the sensor at 40 Hz frequency is 198.46 pm/g, with lateral cross interference of less than 2%, and the temperature sensitivity is -2.64 pm/degrees C. The FBG vibration sensor can satisfy the requirements of mechanical equipment fault diagnosis, and has a good application prospect in the vibration signal detection of mechanical equipment with complex and large range of temperature changes in the working environment of oil and gas pipelines, industrial motors, aeroengines and so on.

关键词： Temperature sensors sensors Vibrations Fiber gratings Fasteners Temperature measurement Strain Sensitivity Temperature distribution Mechanical sensors Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) vibration sensor flexible hinge genetic algorithm structural thermal strain self-compensation

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From Lab to Field: Advancements and Applications of On-The-Go Soil sensors for Real-Time Monitoring

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EURASIAN SOIL SCIENCE 2024年第10期57卷 1730-1745页

作者： Xie, Anyou Zhou, Qingwei Fu, Li Zhan, Lichuan Wu, Weihong Hangzhou Dianzi Univ Coll Mat & Environm Engn Hangzhou 310018 Peoples R China Shengzhou Agr Technol Extens Ctr Shengzhou 312400 Peoples R China

On-the-go soil sensors have emerged as promising tools for real-time, high-resolution soil nutrient monitoring in precision agriculture. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art in on-the-go soil sensor technology, discussing the potential benefits, limitations, and applications of various sensor types, including optical sensors (Vis-NIR, MIR, ATR spectroscopy) and electrochemical sensors (ISEs, ISFETs). The integration of these sensors with positioning systems (GPS) enables the generation of detailed soil nutrient maps, which can guide site-specific management practices and optimize fertilizer application rates. However, factors such as soil moisture, texture, and heterogeneity can affect sensor performance, necessitating robust calibration models and standardized protocols. Future perspectives highlight the need for multi-sensor systems, incorporation into IoT networks for smart farming, and enhancing affordability and adoptability of on-the-go sensor technologies to promote widespread adoption in precision agriculture.

关键词： precision nutrient management site-specific management sensor performance calibration models IoT networks

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Smart Luminescent Materials for Emerging sensors: Fundamentals and Advances

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CHEMISTRY-AN ASIAN JOURNAL 2025年第6期20卷 e202401328页

作者： Manna, Anindya S. Ghosh, Sukla Ghosh, Tanmoy Karchaudhuri, Nilay Das, Sandip Roy, Antara Maiti, Dilip K. Univ Calcutta Dept Chem 92 APC Rd Kolkata 700009 India Womens Coll Dept Chem Kolkata India Barrackpore Rastraguru Surendranath Coll Dept Chem Kolkata 700120 India

Smart luminescent materials have drawn a significant attention owing to their unique optical properties and versatility in sensor applications. These materials, encompassing a broad spectrum of organic, inorganic, and hybrid systems including quantum dots, organic dyes, and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), offer tunable emission characteristics that can be engineered at the molecular or nanoscale level to respond to specific stimuli, such as temperature, pH, and chemical presence. This adaptability makes them crucial in developing advanced sensor technologies for environmental monitoring, biomedical diagnostics, and industrial applications with the help of the luminescence mechanisms, such as fluorescence, phosphorescence, and upconversion. Recent advancements have been driven by the integration of nanotechnology, which enhances the sensitivity and selectivity of luminescent materials in sensor platforms. The development of photoluminescent and electrochemiluminescent sensors, for instance, has enabled real-time detection and quantification of target analytes with high accuracy. Additionally, the incorporation of these materials into portable, user-friendly devices, such as smartphone-based sensors, broadens their applicability and accessibility. Despite their potential, challenges remain in optimizing the stability, efficiency, and biocompatibility of these materials under different conditions. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamental principles of smart luminescent materials, discusses recent innovations in their use for sensor applications, and explores future directions aimed at overcoming current limitations and expanding their capabilities in meeting the growing demand for rapid and cost-effective sensing solutions.

关键词： Smart Luminescent materials Chemiluminescence Biosensors Quantum dots and Environmental sensors Photoluminescence and bioimaging

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Investigating the mechanical properties of composites containing exfoliated graphite/epoxy sensors: Experimental testing and simulation

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JOURNAL OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS 2024年第30期58卷 3157-3170页

作者： Verbosky, Arianna L. Gebretsadik, Biniam Tamrea Reed, Quinn T. Cho, H. E. Zegeye, Ephraim F. Liberty Univ Sch Engn 1971 Univ Blvd3430 Demos Hall Lynchburg VA 24515 USA Dire Dawa Univ Dire Dawa Inst Technol Coll Mech & Ind Engn Dire Dawa Ethiopia

One approach to structural health monitoring (SHM) involves embedding sensors within a composite material. However, the integration of these sensors can potentially introduce flaws that might affect the composite's mechanical properties. This research aims to explore the impact of embedding exfoliated graphite (EG)/epoxy sensors on the mechanical characteristics of composite systems through laboratory experiments and numerical simulations. sensor strips composed of varying volume fractions of EG/epoxy were fabricated. Tensile test specimens were prepared by embedding these sensors in the epoxy matrix oriented both lengthwise and widthwise. Baseline specimens of EG/epoxy without sensors were also created for comparison. Tensile tests were performed on the samples to evaluate the effects of the embedded sensors on the composite's elastic modulus and tensile strength. The results indicated a slight improvement in both elastic modulus and tensile strength with the introduction of EG. Crucially, the orientation of the sensors within the samples had a significant impact on the composite's mechanical properties. Samples with widthwise-aligned sensors showed reduced tensile strength due to delamination along the sensor edges. Finite element simulations using a viscoelastic model based on the experimental data were conducted to analyze the effect of sensor alignment on mechanical properties. The findings revealed that a grid pattern alignment of sensors significantly enhanced mechanical performance compared to lengthwise or widthwise alignment, particularly at 0.1% and 0.3% EG volume fractions, highlighting the effectiveness of a grid pattern for embedding sensors in SHM applications.

关键词： Structural health monitoring exfoliated graphite composite materials embedded sensors

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State-of-the-Art advances and challenges in wearable gas sensors for emerging applications: Innovations and future prospects

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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL 2024年 502卷

作者： Anwer, Abdul Hakeem Saadaoui, Maroua Mohamed, Assem T. Ahmad, Nafees Benamor, Abdelbaki Qatar Univ Coll Engn Gas Proc Ctr POB 2713 Doha Qatar Qatar Univ Coll Engn Dept Chem Engn POB 2713 Doha Qatar Integral Univ Lucknow Dept Chem Dashauli 226026 India

Increasing concerns about public safety and quality of life have made maintaining optimal air quality, both indoors and outdoors, critically important. Detecting toxic gaseous compounds is vital for a sustainable future. With the rise of the Internet of Things (IoT), wearable technologies are becoming integral to daily life, spurring interest in developing highly sensitive, flexible, and stretchable electronic gas sensors. This review highlights the use of advanced nanomaterials such as graphene, metal oxides, carbon nanotubes, and conducting polymers, which enhance sensor performance. It explores the integration of these sensors into wearable textiles and direct body applications, which are crucial for advancing wearable gas sensing technology. The review also examines the progression of wearable substrates, sensing materials, electrodes, and sensor types, addressing key challenges like improving sensitivity, selectivity, stability, and power efficiency. The advancements in these areas lead to discussions on their applications in diverse fields, including environmental monitoring, human health diagnostics, food quality assessment, and public safety monitoring, showcasing the broad potential of wearable gas sensors. The conclusion offers insights and recommendations for the future development of intelligent wearable nanosensors, emphasizing the need to overcome current challenges and continue research to enhance integration, miniaturization, and functionality for societal benefits.

关键词： Smart Wearable sensors Hazardous Gas Detection Real-time Monitoring Advanced Sensing Materials

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The Application of Integrated Force and Temperature sensors to Enhance Orthotic Treatment Monitoring in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Pilot Study

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sensors 2025年第3期25卷 686页

作者： Zou, Yiying Zhou, Lejun Wang, Jinhao Lou, Edmond Wong, Man-Sang Hong Kong Polytech Univ Dept Biomed Engn Hong Kong Peoples R China Swiss Fed Inst Technol Dept Hlth Sci & Technol CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland Univ Alberta Dept Elect & Comp Engn Edmonton AB T6G 1H9 Canada

Orthosis-wearing compliance is crucial for achieving positive treatment outcomes in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), for whom 23 h of daily wear is typically prescribed. However, self-reported compliance is subjective and often based on patients' memory, leading to inaccuracies. While portable electronic devices have been developed to objectively monitor compliance, relying solely on temperature or force data can be insufficient. This study introduced a novel method that integrated both force and temperature data to estimate orthosis-wearing compliance. Twelve patients (eight females and four males) diagnosed with moderate AIS were included. Each patient was prescribed a thoracic-lumbar-sacral orthosis equipped with an integrated force and temperature sensor system. After one month of orthotic treatment, self-reported wear time averaged 17.8 +/- 6.2 h/day, while the sensor indicated an average wear time of 13.3 +/- 5.0 h/day. Most patients overestimated their compliance. Nighttime was the most common period for orthosis wear (6.1 h/day), whereas compliance during school hours (2.8 h/day) and after-school hours (3.7 h/day) was lower. The integration of force and temperature sensors provides a more comprehensive understanding of orthosis compliance. Future studies with larger samples and longer monitoring periods are needed to investigate the correlation between compliance and treatment outcomes.

关键词： adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) orthotic treatment compliance wearing pattern temperature sensor force sensor

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Wireless System Miniaturization Solutions for Ingestible sensors

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JOURNAL OF SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE 2024年第6期24卷 518-531页

作者： Kim, Chanyoung Lee, Junghyup Song, Minyoung Daegu Gyeongbuk Inst Sci & Technol Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Daegu South Korea

Ingestible sensors are pivotal in monitoring the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and enhancing comprehension of complex gastrointestinal processes, propelled by sensor technology advancements. They must ensure robust wireless communication from deep within the body while maintaining longevity for comprehensive monitoring. Wireless system miniaturization stands as a promising solution to these challenges. This paper introduces the current state and technical challenges ingestible sensors and their solutions for wireless system miniaturization. The key techniques for further miniaturization include the antenna miniaturization, integration of adaptive impedance matching networks, and the replacement of crystal. Additionally, the paper explores future directions for wireless communication systems to support the continued advancement of ingestible sensor technology.

关键词： Ingestible gastro-intestinal wireless communication CMOS integrated circuits medical devices

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High-Performance Pressure sensors Based on Shaped Gel Droplet Arrays

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SMALL 2024年第5期20卷 e2305214页

作者： Wang, Zhenwu Cai, Qianyu Lu, Lutong Levkin, Pavel A. Karlsruhe Inst Technol KIT Inst Biol & Chem Syst Funct Mol Syst IBCS FMS Hermann von Helmholtz Pl 1 D-76344 Eggenstein Leopoldshafen Germany Karlsruhe Inst Technol KIT Inst Organ Chem IOC Fritz Haber Weg 6 D-76131 Karlsruhe Germany

Polymer gel-based pressure sensors offer numerous advantages over traditional sensing technologies, including excellent conformability and integration into wearable devices. However, challenges persist in terms of their performance and manufacturing technology. In this study, a method for fabricating gel pressure sensors using a hydrophobic/hydrophilic patterned surface is introduced. By shaping and fine-tuning the droplets of the polymer gel prepolymerization solution on the patterned surface, remarkable sensitivity improvements compared to unshaped hydrogels have been achieved. This also showcased the potential for tailoring gel pressure sensors to different applications. By optimizing the configuration of the sensor array, an uneven conductive gel array is fabricated, which exhibited a high sensitivity of 0.29 kPa-1 in the pressure range of 0-30 kPa, while maintaining a sensitivity of 0.13 kPa-1 from 30 kPa up to 100 kPa. Furthermore, the feasibility of using these sensors for human motion monitoring is explored and a conductive gel array for 2D force detection is successfully developed. This efficient and scalable fabrication method holds promise for advancing pressure sensor technology and offers exciting prospects for various industries and research fields. A facile method for fabricating gel pressure sensors using a hydrophobic/hydrophilic patterned surface is presented, which allows for tuning sensor performance and enables remarkable sensitivity ***

关键词： droplet arrays hydrophilic/hydrophobic patterns patterned surfaces polymer gels pressure sensors

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Review-Recent Progress, Challenges, and Trends in Polymer-Based Wearable sensors

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JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY 2024年第4期171卷 047504-047504页

作者： Saxena, Pooja Shukla, Prashant GL Bajaj Inst Technol & Management Greater Noida 201306 UP India Amity Univ Amity Inst Adv Res & Studies Mat & Devices Sec 125 Noida 201303 UP India

Wearable sensors offer a non-invasive, continuous, and personalized approach to monitor various physiological and environmental parameters. Among the various materials used in the fabrication of wearable sensors, polymers have gained significant attention due to their versatile properties, low cost, and ease of integration. We present a comprehensive review of recent advances and challenges in the development of polymer-based wearable sensors. We begin by highlighting the key characteristics of wearable sensors, emphasizing their potential applications and advantages. Subsequently, we delve into the various types of polymers employed for sensor fabrication, such as conductive polymers, elastomers, and hydrogels. The unique properties of each polymer and its suitability for specific sensing applications are discussed in detail. We also address the challenges faced in the development of polymer-based wearable sensors and describes the mechanism of action in these kinds of wearable sensor-capable smart polymer systems. Contact lens-based, textile-based, patch-based, and tattoo-like designs are taken into consideration. Additionally, we paper discuss the performance of polymer-based sensors in real-world scenarios, highlighting their accuracy, sensitivity, and reliability when applied to healthcare monitoring, motion tracking, and environmental sensing. In conclusion, we provide valuable insights into the current state of polymer-based wearable sensors, their fabrication techniques, challenges, and potential applications.

关键词： sensors Films Power Sources

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Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of Single-Arm Bimodal Plasmo-Photonic Refractive Index sensors

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sensors 2024年第12期24卷 3705页

作者： Fotiadis, Konstantinos Chatzianagnostou, Evangelia Spasopoulos, Dimosthenis Simos, Stelios Bellas, Dimitris V. Bhalerao, Omkar Suckow, Stephan Lemme, Max C. Lidorikis, Elefterios Pleros, Nikos Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki Dept Informat Thessaloniki 54124 Greece Balkan Ctr Ctr Interdisciplinary Res & Innovat CIRI AUTH Bldg A&B10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Rd Thessaloniki 57001 Greece Univ Ioannina Dept Mat Sci & Engn GR-45110 Ioannina Greece AMO GmbH Adv Microelect Ctr Aachen D-52074 Aachen Germany Rhein Westfal TH Aachen Elect Devices D-52074 Aachen Germany

In this paper, we study both theoretically and experimentally the sensitivity of bimodal interferometric sensors where interference occurs between two plasmonic modes with different properties propagating in the same physical waveguide. In contrast to the well-known Mach-Zehnder interferometric (MZI) sensor, we show for the first time that the sensitivity of the bimodal sensor is independent of the sensing area length. This is validated by applying the theory to an integrated plasmo-photonic bimodal sensor that comprises an aluminum (Al) plasmonic stripe waveguide co-integrated between two accessible SU-8 photonic waveguides. A series of such bimodal sensors utilizing plasmonic stripes of different lengths were numerically simulated, demonstrating bulk refractive index (RI) sensitivities around 5700 nm/RIU for all sensor variants, confirming the theoretical results. The theoretical and numerical results were also validated experimentally through chip-level RI sensing experiments on three fabricated SU-8/Al bimodal sensors with plasmonic sensing lengths of 50, 75, and 100 mu m. The obtained experimental RI sensitivities were found to be very close and equal to 4464, 4386, and 4362 nm/RIU, respectively, confirming that the sensing length has no effect on the bimodal sensor sensitivity. The above outcome alleviates the design and optical loss constraints, paving the way for more compact and powerful sensors that can achieve high sensitivity values at ultra-short sensing lengths.

关键词： refractive index sensor sensitivity co-integration plasmonic bimodal SU-8 photonic waveguide sensing area length

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